高考英语二轮复习讲义 阅读理解及训练02 作者意图题指导.docx
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高考英语二轮复习讲义 阅读理解及训练02 作者意图题指导.docx
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高考英语二轮复习讲义阅读理解及训练02作者意图题指导
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习讲义阅读理解及训练02作者意图题指导
小试牛刀-------阅读理解
Thereseemsnevertohavebeenacivilizationwithouttoys,butwhenandhowtheydevelopedisunknown.Theyprobablycameaboutjusttogivechildrensomethingtodo.
Intheancientworld,asistoday,mostboysplayedwithsomekindsoftoysandmostgirlswithanother.Insocietieswheresocialrolesarerigidlydetermined,boyspatterntheirplayaftertheactivitiesoftheirfathersandgirlsarebeingprepared,eveninplay,tostepintotherolesandresponsibilitiesoftheadultworld.
Whatisremarkableaboutthehistoryoftoysisnotsomuchhowtheychangedoverthecenturiesbuthowmuchtheyhaveremainedthesame.Thechangeshavebeenmostlyintermsofcraftsmanship,mechanics,andtechnology.Itistheuniversalityoftoyswithregardtotheirdevelopmentinallpartsofthewordandtheirpersistencetothepresentthatisamazing.InEgypt,America,China,JapanandamongtheArctic(北极的)people,generallythesamekindsoftoysappeared.Variationsdependedonlocalcustomsandwayoflifebecausetoysimitatetheirsurrounding.Nearlyeverycivilizationhaddolls,littleweapons,toysoldiers,tinyanimalsandvehicles.
Becausetoyscanbegenerallyregardedasakindofartform,theyhavenotbeensubjecttotechnologicalleapsthatcharacterizeinventionsforadultuse.Theprogressfromthewheeltothecarttotheautomobileisadirectlineofwaysup.Theprogressfromarattle(拨浪鼓)usedbyababyin3,000BCtooneusedbyaninfanttoday,however,isnotcharacterizedbyinventiveness.Eachrattleistheproductoftheartistictastesofthetimesandsubjecttothelimitationsofavailablematerials.
68.Thereasonwhythetoysmostboysplaywitharedifferentfromthosethatgirlsplaywithisthat________.
A.theirsocialrolesarerigidlydetermined
B.theylikechallengingactivities
C.mostboyswouldliketofollowtheirfathers’professions
D.boysliketoplaywiththeirfatherswhilegirlwiththeirmothers
69.Oneaspectof“theuniversalityoftoys”liesinthefactthat________.
A.thebasiccharacteristicsoftoysarethesameallovertheworld
B.technologicaladvanceshavegreatlyimprovedthedurabilityoftoys
C.theexplorationoftheuniversehasledtothecreationofnewkindsoftoys
D.theimprovementofcraftsmanshipinmakingtoysdependsontheeffortsofuniversities
70.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor’sviewonthehistoricaldevelopmentoftoys?
A.Toysareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinshapingachild’scharacter.
B.Thetoyindustryhaswitnessedgreatleapsintechnologyinrecentyears.
C.Thecraftsmanshipintoy-makinghasremainedessentiallyunchanged.
D.Toyshaveremainedbasicallythesameallthroughthecenturies.
71.Regardedasakindofartform,toys________.
A.reflectthepaceofsocialprogress
B.arenotcharacterizedbytechnologicalprogress
C.followadirectlineofascent
D.alsoappealgreatlytoadults
72.Theauthorusestheexampleofarattletoshowthat________.
A.itoftentakesalongtimetointroducenewtechnologyintotoy-making
B.eventhesimplesttoyscanreflecttheprogressoftechnology
C.evenasimpletoycanmirrortheartistictastesofthetime
D.intoy-makingthereisacontinuityintheuseofmaterials
68-72AADBC
*************************************************************结束
例1(xx·全国II)
Coldweathercanhardonpets,justlikeitcanbehardonpeople.Sometimesownersforgetthattheircatsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter(住所)astheyare.Someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime,thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.Thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofseriousillness.Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.
Keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad.Ifyouhavetotakethemout,stayoutsidewiththem.Whenyou’recoldenoughtogoinside,theyprobablyaretoo.Ifyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtime,makesuretheyhaveawarm,solidshelteragainstthewind,thickbedding,andplentyofnon-frozenwater.
Ifleftaloneoutside,dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.Theycandigintosnowbanksorhidesomewhere.Watchthemcloselywhentheyareleftoutdoors,andprovidethemwithshelterofgoodquality.Keepaneyeonyourpet’swater.Sometimesownersdon’trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan’tgetanythingtodrink.Animalsthatdon’thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside,whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem.
44.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?
A.Tosolveaproblem.B.Togivepracticaladvice.
C.Totellaninterestingstory.D.Topresentaresearchresult.
[点拨]B作者意图题。
有第一段最后一句话Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.及二、三段可知选B。
例2(xx·四川)
Onahill600feetabovethesurroundingland,wewatchthelinesofrainmoveacrossthescene,themoonriseoverthehills,andthestarsappearinthesky.Theviewsinvitealonglookfromafortablechairinfrontofthewoodenhouse.
Everywindowinourwoodenhousehasaview,andtheforestandlakesseldomlookthesameasthehourbefore.Eachlookremindsuswhereweare.
Thereisspaceforourthreeboystoplayoutside,toshootarrows,collecttreeseeds,buildearthhousesandclimbtrees.
Ourkidshavelearnedthenamesofthetrees,andwiththenameshaveefamiliarityandappreciation.Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterest,maple(枫叶)makesthebestfightingsticksandwhitepinesarethebestclimbingtrees.
Theairiscleanandfresh.Thewaterfromthewellhasapleasanttaste,anditisperhapsthehealthiestwaterourkidswilleverdrink.Thoughtheyhaveoneglassadayofjuiceandtherestiswater,theyneversayanythingagainstthat.
Theseasonschangejustoutsidethedoor.Wewatchthemaplesturneveryshadeofyellowandredinthefallandnotethepoplars'(杨树)puttingoutthefirstgreenleavesofspring.Therainbowsmellfillsthelocalstreamastheicegraduallydisappears,andthewoodfrogsstarttosinginpoolsafterbeingfrozenforthewinter.Afamilyofbirdsrulesourskiesand(liesoverthelake.
42.Bymentioningthenamesofthetrees,theauthoraimstoshowthat_____.
A.thekidslikeplayingintrees
B.thekidsareveryfamiliarwithtrees
C.thekidshavelearnedmuchknowledge
D.thekidsfindtreesusefullearningtools
[点拨]C作者目的意图。
根据第四段的第二句:
Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterest,可以推断出,作者提到这么多树木的名字,说明了孩子们学到了很多。
故答案C符合文意。
Thepassageiswrittento__________
A.talkaboutparents'influenceontheirchildren'sbehavior
B.encourageparentstosetagoodexampletotheirchildren
C.adviseparentstomakereadingapartoftheirchildren'sdailylife
D.makeparentsbelieveintheimportanceofearlyreading
Exercise2
Aputervirusisaprogramorpieceofcodethatisloadedontoyourputerwithoutyourknowledgeandrunsagainstyourwishes.Allputervirusesaremanmade.Herearesomeviruspreventiontips.
Question:
MrPickwickandpaintingsbeautyof18thcenturyareusedasexamplestoshowthat______.
A.fatnesswasconsideredsomethinggoodatonetime
B.afatmanisacheerfulcharacter
C.beautyshouldbeoverweight
D.fatnessleadstoanincreasedriskofdiseases
Exercise4
Wilson'sdoctorssuggestedhetakethedrugSutent,buttheNHS(英国国名健身保险制度)refusedtofundthe£3,500-a-monthbill.Onlylastmonth,WilsonwroteintheDailyMirror,"IlovetheNHS.Ilovethenurses,assistantsanddoctorswholookedaftermewithsuchcareanddevotion.I'vebeenpayingNHScontributionssincemyfirstjobat17.They'llgivemeafaceliftbutwillnotpayforthedrugwhichwilltreatmycancer”.
Question:
BytellinghisownexperienceabouttheNHS,Wilsonshowedthat
A.helovedtheNHS
B.theNHSshouldpayforthedrag,Sutent,whichwouldtreathim
C.peopleshouldpaylargercontributionstotheNHS',
D.hehadmadenocontributionstotheNHS
II.篇章练习
Exercise1
Sometimesknownas"TheBigApple"or"TheCityThatNeverSleeps",NewYorkisboththemostpopulouscityintheUSAandaleadingcenterofbusiness,merce,financeandmedia.Thecityisoftenreferredtoas"NewYorkCity",inordertodistinguishitfromthestateitisin.Thecityispartofalargemetropolitan(大都市的)area,andthebinedcitypopulationisbeyond18.7million.
NewYorkCityismadeupoffiveboroughs(行政区)andanothernicknameofthecityis"TheFiveBoroughs".Thefiveboroughsare:
TheBronx.Brooklyn,Manhattan,QueensandStatenIsland.
TherearemanyfamousbuildingsandsightsinNewYork.especiallyinManhattan.TheseincludetheEmpireStateBuilding,theFlatironBuildingandtheUnitedNationsBuilding.WhenyouvisitNewYork,makesureyouseeCentralPark.TimesSquare,Chinatown.LittleItalyandofcoursetheStatueofLiberty.Additionally,therearemanywonderfulmuseumsinNewYork.sometrulyexcellentshops,someoftheworld'sbesttheatersintheBroadwayarea.andtheneighborhoodsofGreenwichVillageandSoHowhicharewell-knownfortheartistswhoresidethere.
GettingaroundNewYorkCityissimple---thecity'ssubwaynetworkisoneofthemostprehensiveintheworld,connectingallpartsofManhattaninrapidtime.However,thebestwaytoseeNewYorkisundoubtedlyonfoot.CentralParkisanidealplacetostartawalkingtourofNewYorkCity---843acresofshiningpondsandlushgreeneryattractlocalsandtourists.Andapartfromofferingbreathtakingscenery,itisacentreforrecreation.Visitorscanlistentomusicgroups,watchperformers,walkalongthetrailsandeventakearomanticri
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