届浦东中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案.docx
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届浦东中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案.docx
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届浦东中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020届浦东中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Eachyear,theLasVegasconsumerelectronicsshow,orCES,presentsthelatestdevelopmentsinmanyareasoftechnology.Thenewestproductsaredesignedtomakeourliveseasier,funandmoreproductive.
Acarwithlegs
Oneofthisyear’spresentationswasbySouthKoreancarmakerHyun-dai.Thecompanyintroducedasmallmodelofa“walkingcar,”whichiscalledElevate.Ithasfourmovablelegsthatcanraisethemainpartofthevehiclehighofftheground.Theelectric-poweredvehicleisdesignedtobeusedinsearch-and-rescueoperationsduringemergenciesornaturaldisasters.
Changeablepeoplemover
Germany'sMercedespresentedanexperimentalself-drivingvehiclethatitclaimscanrevolutionizetransportationforpeopleandgoods.Thecompanysaysthevehicle,calledVisionUrbanetic,willbeableloeasilychangebodiesdependingonitsdesireduse.Mercedessaysasaride-sharingvehicle,thefuturistic-lookingcarcanseat12people.
FullyelectricHarley
AmericanmanufacturerHarley-Davidsonshowedoffitsfirstfullyelectricmotorcycle,calledLiveWire.Thecompanysaysthebikewillbeabletogo177kilometersbetweencharges.Itcanreach96kilometersperhourinunder3.5seconds.AlthoughHarleyisknownforbuildingpowerfulbikeswithhuge,loudmotors,theLiveWirewillbeunusuallyquiet.
Personalrobots
Oneofthenewrobots,calledTemi,isreallyjustacomputertabletonwheels.Itisdesignedtobeapersonalelectronicassistant.Itmovesaroundthehomeandperformscommandswhenspokento.Itcanlinkuserstofriendsthroughvoiceorvideo,connecttovideoorplaceordersforfoodorgoods.
1.Whichdoyouprobablyusetosearchfortheinjuredinanearthquake?
A.Elevate.B.VisionUrbanetic.C.LiveWire.D.Temi.
2.WhatisthefirstfullyelectricmotorcycleproducedbyHarley-Davidson?
A.ElevateB.Hyun-daiC.LiveWire.D.Temi.
3.Whyarethefourproductsdesigned?
A.Toeasetrafficjam.B.Tohelpussocialize.
C.Toimproveourlife.D.Toprotecttheenvironment.
B
FromskateboardingtoFleetwoodMac,TikTokusersgotcreativeinapandemic(流行病)yearwithnewsongs,dancesandshowsin60secondsorless.
ThesocialmediavideoapponWednesdayshareditslistoftop100videos,creatorsandtrendsinAmericaduring2020.“ThesevideosbroughtjoyandinspirationtomillionsofAmericansintheroughyear,”saidKudziChikumbu,directorofcreatorcommunityatTikTok.
TheplatformhasbeenwidelyassociatedwithGenerationZ(peoplebornafter1996),millennials(peopleborninthe1980sor1990s)andinfluencerswhohavestartedcareersbasedonthesharedvideos.
TheWeeknd'sBlindingLightsandJasonDerulo'sSavageLoveinspiredTikTokdancechallengesthatmadethemamongthetopsongsusedontheapp.
ForsomeTikTokcreators,thepandemicitselfbecameinspirationtocreateaconnectionwithotherusers.ComedianCaitlinReillyusedtheappduringquarantine(隔离)tomakefunofthoseannoyingcoworkersforoneofthetoplikedvideos.AndsingerCurtisRoachmadeansongfortheendlessdaysathomewithhissongBoredintheHouse.
ThesecondmostpopularvideowasanIdahomannamedNathanApodacawhoshottofameaftercoollysingingDreamsbyFleetwoodMac,whileskateboardingonahighway.
ButthemostlikedTikTokvideowasawardedtoBellaPoarchwith45millionfollowers,whocreatedasimplebutinterestingvideowithafewsecondsofwell-timedheadnodsandeyerolls.
Whiletheappmightbedesignedforyouth,ChikumbusaidthatthegrowthofTikTokthisyearhaspusheditmoreintomainstreamculture.“You'reseeingeveryonefromtheteenagertothecollegestudentswiththeirparentsandthentheirgrandparentsallmakingvideos,”saidChikumbu.“AndnowTikToktrulytranscendsgenerations,particularlyinthisyearwhenpeoplehadalotoftimetodiginandnotonlywatch,buttry.”
4.WhatdoweknowaboutTheWeeknd?
A.HecreatedthefamoussongDreams.
B.Hestartedacareerbasedonsharedvideos.
C.HeisprobablyapopularsingeronTikTok.
D.HeorganizedtheTikTokdancechallenges.
5.WhatdidCurtisRoachthinkofhislifeduringquarantine?
A.Meaningful.B.Peaceful.
C.Content.D.Uninteresting.
6.ThemostpopularTikTokvideoin2020wascreatedby______.
A.CaitlinReillyB.CurtisRoach
C.NathanApodacaD.BellaPoarch
7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“transcends”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Makesuseof.B.Goesbeyond.
C.Callson.D.Takeschargeof.
C
Aseverymobile-phoneownerknows,afterayearorsothebatterystartstofadeandthebeastneedsrechargingmorefrequently.Thatistroublesome,butaphone’sbatteriescanbereplacedfairlycheaply—orthewholedevicetradedinforthelatestmodel.Anelectriccar,though,isamuchbiggerinvestment.Andbatteriesareitspriciestcomponent,representingaround30%ofanaveragemid-sizevehicle.
Toprovidebuyerswithsomepeaceofmind,carmakersguaranteetheirbatteries,typicallyforeightyearsoraround200,000km.Producers,planningtogomuchfurtherthanthat,though,areracingtolaunch“millionmile”(1.6mkilometers)batteries.ContemporaryAmperexTechnology,agiantChinesefirmwhichproducesbatteriesforanumberofcarmakers,wassaidtobereadytostartproducingbatterieswhichwouldlastfor16yearsor2mkilometres.ElonMuskhassuggestedthatTesla,aCalifornianmakerofelectricvehicles,hasamillion-milebatteryintheworks.AndoverinDetroit,GeneralMotorsisinthefinalstagesofdevelopinganadvancedbatterywhichitsayshassimilarlongevity(寿命)。
Regularfast-chargingreducesbatterylife,asdoovercharginganddeepdischarging.Drivinginextremelyhotorcoldweatherdoesnothelpeither.Andbatterylifewilldiminishevenifyoujustleavethecarinthegarage.Therealpointofamillion-milebatteryisthatthetechnologicaladvancesrequiredtomakeitpossiblewilldealwiththesethingsaswell.
Batterytechnologyisimprovingallthetime,andbynomeansaremillion-milebatteriesthelimitofengineers’ambition.ThenextobjectiveistoreplaceLi-ions’liquidelectrolytes(电解质)withsolidones.Thatwouldallowevenlongerdrivingranges,whichcouldmakeatwo-million-milebatteryanachievableobjective.Ifthatdaycomes,thetableswouldhavebeenturned.Frombeingthefirstpartofacartofail,itsbatterywillhavebecomethelast.
8.Thebatteryproblemofmobilephonesismentionedto_____.
A.showelectricaldevicesmayhavedrawbacks
B.stressthedisturbingbatteryproblemofcars
C.callforinvestmentinbatterydevelopment
D.comparethefunctionofbatteryindevices
9.Whatdoweknowaboutthemillion-milebatteryplan?
A.Itiseagerlyanticipatedbycarconsumers.
B.Itisaimedtosaverepaircostforcustomers.
C.Ittargetsthelongevityof8yearsandabove.
D.Ithasdrawntheinterestofmanyenterprises.
10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthefocusofdevelopingthemillion-milebattery?
A.Exploringnewmaterialstoconstructbatteries.
B.Guidingusersonhowtomaintainthebattery.
C.Addressingfactorsthatdecreasebatterylife.
D.Researchingtheprincipleofbatteringaging.
11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofcarbatteries?
A.Promising.
B.Unpredictable.
C.Concerning.
D.Unlimited.
D
Yourbestfriendthatfollowsyouaroundwhenthesuncomesout-yourshadow-doesn’tserveanimportantfunctionlikeyourheartorbrain,butwhatifyoucoulduseshadowstocreateelectricity?
Whenusingsolarpanels(电池板)thatarepoweredbylight,shadowscanbeboringbecauseitmeanselectricitycan’tbecreated.However,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingaporehaveengineeredawaytocreatepowerfromtheshadowspresenteverywhere.
Ateamoftheuniversitycreatedamachinethatcancollectenergyfromshadows.Itiscreatedbyplacingathincoatingofgoldontosilicon(硅).Likeinanormalsolarpanel,whenputinlight,thesiliconelectrons(电子)becomeenergizedandtheenergizedelectronsthenjumpfromthesilicontothegold.Thevoltage(电压)ofthepartofthemachinethatisplacedinthelightincreasestothedarkpartandtheelectronsinthemachineflowfromhightolowvoltage.Theyaresentthroughanexternalcircuit(外电路)creatingacurrentthatcanbeusedtopoweranothermachine.Thegreaterthecontrastbetweenlightanddark,moreenergyisprovidedbythemachine.
Theteamisworkingonimprovingtheperformanceofthemachine,borrowingapproachesfromsolarpanelstogatherlight.Increasingtheamountoflightthemachinescanreceiveallowsthemtobettermakeuseofshadows,aswellasdevelopingshadowenergycollectingpanelsthatcansuccessfullygatherfromindoorlighting.Theteamisalsoresearchingtheuseofothermaterialsotherthangoldtodropthepriceofthemachine,meaningtheywouldbemorecosteffectiveandeasiertoapplyinsociety.
Shadowsarepresenteverywhereandperhapsonedayinthefuturewewillbeabletocollectenergyfromthembyplacingtheshadow-effectenergymachinearoundtheworldinplacesthathavebeenconsideredunfitforsolarpanelstowork,orindoors.“Alotofpeoplethinkthatshadowsareuseless,”Tansays,but“anythingcanbeuseful,evenshadows.”
12.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?
A.Yourbestfriendalwaysstayswithyouafterthesunrise.
B.Theshadowhasthesamefunctionastheheartandbrain.
C.Shadowscanstopsolarpanelsfromcreatingelectricity.
D.Researchershavefoundawaytocreatepowerfromshadows.
13.Whatisthekeyworkingprincipleofthemachinementionedinthetext?
A.Thesiliconproduceselectricitywhenitisinthelight.
B.Thegold
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