伍尔夫《一间自己的房间》的女性主义解读lunwen+开题+综述.docx
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伍尔夫《一间自己的房间》的女性主义解读lunwen+开题+综述.docx
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伍尔夫《一间自己的房间》的女性主义解读lunwen+开题+综述
BIYELUNWEN
(20__届)
英语
伍尔夫《一间自己的房间》的女性主义解读
AFeminismReadingofVirginaWoof’sARoomofOne’sOwn
内容摘要
弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫是20世纪文坛上的一名杰出的女作家,她被尊为意识流小说的鼻祖之一,与乔伊斯、福克纳等意识流小说大师齐名。
同时,她又被尊为西方当代女性主义的“母亲”,她认为女性应该在经济上和精神上独立,并拥有自己的生活空间和精神空间。
此外,还要勇于表达自我的真实想法。
她认为女性主义的最终目的是消解两性之间的对立,以达到两者的和谐状态。
因此,她在《一间自己的房间》中提出了“双性同体”理论。
本文试图从女性主义角度解读《一间自己的屋子》,分析伍尔夫的女性主义思想,以期更好的理解文学中的女性主义。
伍尔夫的女性主义思想在21世纪的今天仍有极强的思考意义。
关键字:
弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫;独立;空间;双性同体;女性主义
Abstract
VirginiaWoolfisanoutstandingwomannovelistin20thcentury.Shehasbeenregardedasoneoftherepresentativesofthestreamofconsciousness,enjoyingequalpopularitywithJoyceandFaulkner.Meanwhile,sheisregardedasthemotherofmodernfeminisminthewest.Shethinksthatfemalesshouldbefinanciallyandspirituallyindependentandhavetheirownlivingspaceandspiritualspace.Inaddition,womenalsoneedtoexpressthemselvesbravelyandsincerely.Sheconsidersthefinalgoaloffeminismistodispeltheoppositionbetweenmalesandfemalesandtoreachaharmoniousstate.Therefore,sheproposesthetheoryofandrogynyinARoomofOne'sOwn.ThisthesistriestodiscussARoomofOne'sOwnfromtheangleoffeminism,andanalyzeWoolf'sfeminismsoastoseekabroaderunderstandingoffeminismliteratureingeneral.StudyingWoolfstillhasaprofoundmeaningin21stcentury.
Keywords:
VirginiaWoolf;independence;space;androgyny;feminism
Contents
Abstractii
Bibliography17
Acknowledgements18
1Introduction
VirginiaWoolf(1882-1941),isafamouswomannovelistinthe20thcenturyandsheisoneoftheimportantmodernistnovelists.Meanwhile,sheisoneoftherepresentativesofthestreamofconsciousness,enjoyingequalpopularitywithJoyceandFaulkner.What'smore,sheisregardedasthemotherofmodernfeminisminthewest.
LiterarycriticismofVirginiaWoolfhasproliferatedsincethe1980s.Somecriticsappraiseherworksandsomeappraiseherperson;someanalyzeherwork’sconsciousness,andsomeanalyzeherfeminism;somestudyherworksfromethics,somefromaesthetics,somefromhomosexuality,somefrompsychology.Sheisnotonlyagreatwriter,butalsoa"forerunner,indeedthe'mother'ofthecontemporaryAnglo-Americanfeminism”asZhuGangdescribes.(ZhuGang2006:
342)Asforherfeminism,somecriticizeherfeminismasanextremetypefortheythinkherrepresentedideaoffeminism—androgynymeanssheintendstoreplacemalevaluewithfemalevalue;somecriticizeherdeviatingthefeminismfortheythinkshecouldn'tbearherownfemaleidentity,soshehadtogiveuptothepatriarchalsocietyandswampedinthemudofutopianthoughtofandrogyny;whiletheotherspraiseithighlyforitisanadvancementinthestageoffeminism'sdevelopment.
XuWeianalyzesWoolf'sfeminism,bothasatheoreticalanalysisofgenderinequalityandoppression,andasapoliticalmovement.HerpaperanalyzesthatWoolfhowtoanalyzethequestionof"womenwriting"inthetheoryandhowtopracticeitinherwriting.Woolfisconcernedwiththenatureofwomanhood.ThefocusonwomencharactersinWoolf'sfictioniscentraltomuchearlyfeministcriticism,aswellasnon-oranti-feministcriticism.Toanextent,"anger"and"androgyny"arethetwotermsmostcentraltofeministdebatesonWoolf.TheircentralityservestofurtherincreasetheimportanceofARoomofOne'sOwnasthekeytextofWoolf'sfeminismandfeminism'sWoolf,foritisherethat"anger"and"androgyny"aremostfullydiscussed.AndARoomofOne'sOwnisseenbymanycriticstosubdueandrepresswomen'sangerinfavorofamoreserenegender—transcendentorandrogynouscreativity.(XuWei,2004:
38-39)WuQinghongtriestoanalyze,toshowandtocriticizeVirginia'sfeminisminthedevelopmentofwesternfeminism.Andsheindeeddidit,comprehensivelyandintensively.HermainviewpointisthatVirginiaWoolfisthemostimportantrepresentativepersoninthehistoryoffeminism'sdevelopment.Woolf'sanalysisonfeminismcorrectedtheshortageoffeminismin1890sto1990s,whichemphasizedtheequalitybetweenmenandwomenonlaw.What'smore,herfeminisminspiredthenewfeministin1960sand1970stodeconstructmale'spoliticalandculturalsupremacyandestablishfemale'svisualangle,whichpredictedthedevelopmentdirectionofpost-feminismin1990s.(WuQinghong,2005:
5)MaTingtingdrawsaconclusionthatWoolf'sfeminismisnotapanaceaforallwomen,butanoccidentalonewithintensetendencyofracialism.(MaTingting,2006:
i-ii)WuHaixiaprobestheuniquefeministthoughtsofVirginiaWoolf,whichshethinksarequitedifferentfrommostoftheotherfeminists.Itisclearlythatsincetheappearanceoffeminism,theoppositionsbetweenmenandwomenhavebeenhighlighted,andfeminismisrelatedtothemarginalizationofallwomen,withtheirbeingrelegatedtoasecondaryposition.Mostfeministsholdtheirviewsthatthesocialcultureisapatriarchalculture.Woolfrealizesthatwomenareconfrontedwithinequalitiesandexclusioninthepatriarchalsociety.Woolfwitnessestheeffortsandachievementsthefeministshavemadetogetequalrightsandpositionswithmen,whereassheairsherviewthatthefinalgoaloffeminismistodeconstructthebinaryoppositionsbetweenthetwosexes.Shepresentsherfamoustheoryof"androgyny"inARoomofOne'sOwn.Shearguesthatandrogynyisthebeststateofmindforwriting,inwhichawritercanmakeperfectartisticexpression.(WuHaixia,2007:
ii)
Woolfcriticizesthepatriarchalsocietyinherworks,andpromptsustoreexaminethehistoryofhumanbyafemaleangletocreateanewcivilization.Herideologyandperceptionopensandenlightenstheideaoffeminisminmanyaspects.ThispapertriestoanalyzeWoolf'sconceptsoffeminismthroughthereadingofARoomofOne'sOwn,togetafurtherunderstandingonfeminism,whichcanalsohelpdeepenChinesefemale’scomprehensionoffeminism.
2What’sfeminism
Attheverybeginningofthispaper,abasicquestionneedstobeanswered.Thatiswhatfeminismis?
IntheacademiccirclesofEuropeandAmerica,"feminism"generallyreferstoanyactivitiestostriveforandtickupfortherightoffemales.Ithasseveralhundredyears'historyandhascomplexcontents.Therefore,itisdifficulttodefineit.
2.1Theetymologyoftheterm"feminism"
Theterm"feminism"isderiveddirectlyfromtheLatinwordfēmina,whichmeanswoman.ThistermanditsderivativesoriginatedinFranceduringthelate19thcentury.ThefirstpersonwhocalledherselffeministwasaFrenchsuffragetteactivist,HubertineAuclert(1848-1914).ShefirstusedthisterminherperiodicalcalledLaCitoyennein1880.(CaiQing,2005:
3)However,althoughthistermwasusedinherperiodicals,itwasnotpopularamongwomenadvocateswhowererathermoderate.Insteadof"feminist",thesewomencalledtheirorganization"feminine".Itwasnotuntilthebeginningofthe20thcenturywhen"feminism"becameacceptedbymostwomensuffragetteactivists.
2.2Thedefinitionoftheterm“feminism”
Inbroadsense,feminismcanbedefinedassocialmovement,whichtakeseliminatingsexdiscriminationandendingtheoppressiononwomenasitspoliticalgoals.Italsoincludestherevolutioninideologyandculturewhichemergedfromtheprocessforpursuingitspoliticalgoals.Inthissense,feministsrepresentthosewhodevotethemselvesinthismovementsincerely,andanymalesandfemaleswhotakepartintherevolutionofideologyandculture.Initsnarrowsense,feminismreferstoakindofmethodologythatregardsandanalysesaquestioninagenderperspective.
Feminismnowstandsforamovementorphilosophythatquestionstheunequalbalanceofpowerbetweenmenandwomen.Feministsfightforequalitybetweenmenandwomen.Theterm"feminism"hasbecomethenameforthewomen'smovement,thequestforsocialchangesaimedatimprovingthepositionofwomen.Feminismisdefinedbothas"thetheoryofthepolitical,economic,andsocialequalityofthesexes"and"organizeactivityonbehalfofwomen'srightsandinterests".(Merriam-Webster,2003:
461)Hence,thetermfeminismisnotonlyaboutthestruggleforpoliticalrights.Itisasystemofideasandasocialmovement,directedtowardsopposingmen'sprivilegeofpositionandwomen'ssubordination.Thistermcontainsredistributionofpowerandrecognitionofsexequality.
2.3Virginia'sconceptsoffeminism
VirginiaWoolfisnotonlyafemalewriter,butalsoapioneeroffeminism.Heressentialcontributiontofeminismisherperseverancethatsocialandeconomicelementsarecriticaltoshapewomen'screativityandperception.Accordingtoheridea,womenplayahistoricalroletojoininthecreationofhumancivilization,especiallythearts.Whatsheemphasizesisthatfemalesshouldfacetherealityandthinkthingsthatrelatedtotheminsteadofthinkingthingsthatconcernedmen.Therefore,sheputsforwardtheideathatfemalesshouldsetupaliteratureoftheirown.Todealwiththeangerthatappearsintheprocessofwritingandderivesfromtheinequalitybetweenmenandwomen,sheproposesaconceptofandrogyny.Anandrogynousmindisthebeststateofmindfordoingliterarycreation.However,itcausesaheateddebateamonglaterfeminists.Althoughitiscontroversial,shecreatesabrightfutureforfemales.
Virginia'sviewoffeminismisembodiedintensivelyintheideaofandrogyny.Androgynyhasmorethanonemeaning.Itmayrefertotheanatomicalcoexistenceoftwosortsofsexorgansinthesamebody;orelsetotheallegoryofaformofspiritualperfection.Inothercases,itisrelatedtotheexplicitcoexistenceofmaleandfemalequalitiesinthesameentity.(WuHaixia,2007:
23-24)Toputitsimply,androgyn
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