BEC中级口语课程电子版.docx
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BEC中级口语课程电子版.docx
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BEC中级口语课程电子版
第一课时
Howtoanswerquestions
Examplequestion:
Whatdeterminesthepriceofaproduct?
Exampleanswer:
●Thepriceofaproductisinfluencedbythecosts.1
●Thisisbecausefirmshavetochargeapricewhichisgreaterthancoststomakeaprofit.2
●Howeverintheshortrunafirmmaysellaproductataloss.Thismaybetogainmarketshareorbecausetheproductisstillattheintroductionphaseandhashighresearchandlaunchcosts.3
●Overallitdependsonwhetherweareconsideringashortorlongtermpricingpolicy.Firmsmaybewillingtomakealossintheshortrun.Itwillalsodependontheobjectivesofthefirm.Somepublicsectororganisations,e.g.maysimplytrytocovercosts.
Example
Question:
Shouldfirmstraintheiremployees?
Answer:
BytrainingtheiremployeesfirmsmaybeabletoincreasetheirprofitsBECAUSEtrainedstaffarelikelytobemoreproductiveandmakelesmistakes.EmployeesmightalsobemoremotivatedBECAUSEtheymightbeabletoundertakemoreinterestingworkandBECAUSEmanagersareshowingthattheyvaluetheirstaff(whichcansatisfytheiresteemneeds).HOWEVERtrainingcostsmoneyandisnotalwayssuccessful.Itcanalsoleadtoalossofproductionwhilestaffarebeingtrained.OVERALL,managementwillhavetoweighupthepotentialbenefitsagainstthecosts.If,forexample,thefirmhasthenecessaryresources,thetrainingisrelativelycheapandislikelytoleadtosignificantincreasesinproductivityandprofitabilitythefirmlikelytoinvestinit.If,ONTHEOTHERHAND,thefirmlacksthenecessaryfinanceandstaffalreadyhavetheskillsrequiredthentrainingisLESSLIKELY.
第二课时
ⅡPresentationExample
PART2:
Mini-presentation
A:
WHATISIMPORTANTWHEN…?
Selectingapplicantsforajob
•Workingexperience
•Personalqualities
Sample1
IchoosetopicA-whatisimportantwhenselectingapplicantsforajob.Astothistopic,asfarasIamconcerned,thereare3thingstoconsider.
First,Ithinkworkingexperienceisveryimportantwhenselectingapplicants.Applicantswhohavealreadyhadtheworkexperienceintherelevantfieldswilllearnthenewjobeasierandquicker.Anditwillalsosavethecompanyalotoftrainingfeesiftheapplicanthasrelatedexperience.
Second,wemustconsiderthepersonalqualitiesoftheapplicants,suchaspersonalityandhealth.Companiestendtoemploypeoplewhosecharacterfitsaspecialjob.Forexample,consultingcompanytendstoemployapplicantwhoisanalyticalandknowledgeable,butadvertisingagentsliketheiremployeestobeenergeticandcreative.
Third,Ibelievelanguageisofgreatimportancewhenselectingapplicants.Nowadays,wedobusinesswithpeoplefromallovertheworld.AlwayswebuygoodsfromAfrica,andsellourelectronicproducttoEurope;aforeignlanguageespeciallyEnglishisneededifthecompanywantstoexpandtotheworld.Applicantswhocanspeakoneormoreforeignlanguageswillhaveabetterchancetogetthejob.
Sample2
Asweallknow,thecriteriausedbyHRprofessionalsinscreeningandselectingapplicantsnormallyincludesuchfactorsasworkingexperience,personalqualitiesandcommunicativeskills.
Firstly,wepayalotofattentiontoworkingexperienceoftheapplicant.Apersonwithasolidrecordofrelatedexperienceismorelikelytofitinwithanewcompany.Thereforeheorshecanbetrustedtofulfillthetasksandsolvetheproblemsinamoreprofessionalandcompetentway.
Inadditiontothis,wealsolookatthepersonalqualitiesoftheapplicant.Doesheorshehasintegrity,perseveranceor‘cando’spirit?
Surelyanyorganizationcanbenefitfromthereliability,devotionandenthusiamofitsemployees.
Finally,goodcommunicativeskillssuchasinterpersonalskillsandteamspiritarealsobecominganimportantpreconditioninselectingqualifiedemployees.
B:
WHATISIMPORTANTWHEN…?
Preparingforajobinterview
•Studyingthejobadvertisement
•Findingoutaboutthecompany
Beforeyougoforaninterview,youmustmakepreparationssoastofacetheinterviewerwithmoreconfidence.Theyincludestudyingthejobadvertisement,findingoutaboutthecompany,preparingyourselfpsychologically,etc.
Firstly,youshouldstudythejobadvertisementcarefullysothatyoucanmatchyourknowledge,skillsandabilitieswiththespecificationsrequiredforthepost.Youmustassuretheinterviewerthatyouhaveallthequalificationsrequired,soyouaretherightsortofpersontheyarelookingfor.
Secondly,youshouldknowmoreaboutthecompany,suchasitsprofile,structure,existingproblems,requirements,campaignsandfutureplans.AsaChinesesayinggoes:
“knowtheopponentandknowyourself,andyoucanfightahundredbattleswithoutdefeat.”
Finally,youshouldalsoprepareyourselfpsychologicallyandthiswillhelpyoucombatstress.Rehearsingtheinterviewwithyourfriends,forexample,isagoodrelaxationexercisethatcaninstallconfidenceinyou.
ⅡPresentationTopics
1.TeamWork
Keypoint:
improveworkingefficiency.ThisplaysacrucialroleinthecommercialpracticeinWesternworld.
Explaintheimportanceofteamwork:
a.Teamworkreflectsthecombinedexperiences,knowledge,intelligenceandviewsofagroupofpeople,soitwilldefinitelyimprovethequalityandefficiencyofthework.
b.Iftheparticipantsworkedtogether,itwouldbeeasyforthemtocomeupwithcreativeideas.Thisisparticularlyvaluableforarelativelycomplexwork,forthepeopleworkinginateam,ifoneofthemgetsstuckonamatter,others/therestcouldchipintheirideasandgettheproblemsorted.Butifyouworkonyourown,forinstance,youarethesolemanagerinthedepartment.
c.Ifpeopledidnotworkasateam,everyonewouldhavetowaitforthedecisionsmadebythemanageranditwasnoteasytogetpeopletotakeonresponsibilityforanything.
d.Ahugeandcomplicatedprojectisnotpossibletobecompleted/donebymerelyoneperson.Forinstance,3Gorgesproject-ahugeamountofmoney,30millionpeoplehavetoemigratetoelsewhere,alotofcommercialcontracts
e.Youwillgetboredquicklyifyouworkonyouown.Butifyouworkinateam…
f.Workinginateamcanincreasepersonalawarenessofabilitiesandcomplementaryskillsincolleague.
Howtoimproveteamwork:
Generalideas;friendlyatmosphere;notbossy;patient;goodmanners;modest;leadership;goodinterpersonalskills;varietyofexperience
a.Varietyofexperienceandabroadhorizonwouldhelptotackleurgentmattersandestablishhisorherpersonalprestige.Well-experiencedstaffarecapableofovercomingstormsandcrises.
b.Oncomingacrossproblematicissues,neworinexperiencedstaffusuallywillfeeldepressedandevenstarttopanic.Oneoranumberofexperiencedstaffwill,inthiskindofsituation,automaticallybecomethespiritualleadersoftheteamandcangettheissuesinquestionsolvedquickly.
c.Awiderangeofexperiencesareimportanttoateammember,becauseyouneverknowwhatkindofproblemsmightsuddenlycomeuptoyou.Experiencesindifferentfieldswillenhancethechanceofsuccessfullysortingouttheproblemwithyourknowledgewhichisbasedonyourpastexperience.
Personalqualities:
a.Thebasisoftheteamworkismutualtrustandfriendlyatmosphere
b.Goodmanners,nottoobossy,patient,modest,leadership,goodinterpersonalskills.
2.ProjectManagement
Keypoints:
Teamwork,timepressure(keepingtotheschedule)
Teamwork:
asexplainedintheteamworksection
Timepressure:
a.Awell-designedschedulecanclarifyyourselftotheproject.Youshouldensurethatyouwouldberunningbeforethescheduleratherthanafterit.
b.Timeisalwaysofessenceforaproject.
c.Failuretokeeptotheschedulewillresultin/causelatecompletion.
d.Latecompletionwillleadto:
civillitigation,injuredpartywillbecomeentitledtoclaimcompensation/entitledtosuethebreachingcompany.
e.Whentheprojectisbeingprocessed/inthecourseofcarryingouttheproject,therewillbealotofcommercialactivitiesinvolved.Suchasinvestmentbanksadvancecash;rawmaterialsupply,planningpermission,sub-contract/outsource.Failuretosticktotheschedulewillaffectabovematters.
3.Competition
Keypoints:
Pricing;Advertising;Productioncosts;Competitor’sprice;Marketing;awiderangeofservicesandproducts
Pricing:
a.(Foraconsumer):
allconsumerswouldliketogoforhigherqualityandlessexpensiveproducts.Itisacommonsense.
b.(Foramanager):
correctpricingpoliciescancapturealargenumberofconsumersinashortperiodoftime.
c.Foranewlyestablishedcompany:
correctpricingpoliciesareparticularlyimportantfornewlyestablishedbusinesses.Themajortaskforthemattheearlystageistodrawthepublicattentionandmaketheircompanyandtheirbrandknowntothepublic.Whenanewproductisputintomarket,theremaybeveryfewpeopleknowing/whoknowaboutit…(e.g.Thaicurrysource)
Competitors’price:
a.Onceanewproductisputintomarket,itwillimmediatelyfacethecompetitionfromrivals.Thepricewarsometimescanbeincrediblyfierceandcrude.
b.Competitors’pricewillmirrortheconsumers’attitudeaboutcertainproductsandthesatisfactionabouttheirprices.
c.Ifyoufixedthepricehigherthanyourrivalswithouthigherqualityofservice,youmightsoonfindyourselfinanunfavorablesituation.
d.Correctpricingpoliciescouldalsodefeatsomecompetitorsinashortperiodoftime.Forexample:
Safeway,Tescopricewaragainstallsmallbreadmanufactures.Inthiscase,SafewayandTescofixedtheirpricefor7pperloaf,whichis23pcheaperthantheircompetitors’offer.Asaresultofthis,in35da
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