abfpgx人教版必修1一unit4知识梳理解析及随堂练习含答案.docx
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abfpgx人教版必修1一unit4知识梳理解析及随堂练习含答案.docx
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abfpgx人教版必修1一unit4知识梳理解析及随堂练习含答案
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懒惰是很奇怪的东西,它使你以为那是安逸,是休息,是福气;但实际上它所给你的是无聊,是倦怠,是消沉;它剥夺你对前途的希望,割断你和别人之间的友情,使你心胸日渐狭窄,对人生也越来越怀疑。
—罗兰
Book1unit4
一、fastreadingStructureofthenewsreport:
1.Clue(线索)ofthestory:
Timeorder:
Before~during~aftertheearthquake
找出每段的中心
Para.1Somestrangethingshappenedbeforetheearthquake.
Para.2Theworldwasatanend.Theearthquakehitthecity.
Para.3Thedamageofthecityintheearthquake
Para.4Therescuetothecity
2.分段并概括
Para.1Strangethingswerehappeningbeforetheearthquake,butnoonetook
anynoticeofthem.
Part2-3.TheearthquakedestroyedthecityofTangshanandshocked
thepeopleverymuch.
part4.Thearmycametohelpthesurvivors(生还者),bringinghopeforanewlife.
二、Carefulreading
1.Whathappenedbeforetheearthquake?
Wallsofthewells_haddeepcrac
Chickensandpigs_weretoonervoustoeat
Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide
Fishjumpedoutofbowlsandponds
Soundandlights_wereheardandseen
Waterpipescrackedandburst
2.Fillintheblanks
MainIdea
Details
signs
before
Earthquake
Para.1
1.________thingswerehappeninginthecountrysideinnortheastHebei.
2.Thewaterinthewells____and______.
3.A_______gascameoutofthecracks.
4.Thechickensandpigsweretoo________to_____.
5.Fish________outofthebowlsandponds.
6.Mice_____outofthefields.
7.At______amonJuly28,1976,peoplesaw_______________inthesky.
Damage
causedby
earthquake
Para.2-3
1.At_____am,the__________earthquakeofthe20thcenturybegan.
2._______burstfromholesintheground.
3.Hardhillsoftherockbecameriversof____.
4.________coveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.
5.Two_______andmostofthebridgesfell.
6.Therailwaytrackswerenow_________piecesof_______.
7.______nowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.
8.Water,food,and______________werehardtoget.
3.Para.2-3Data(数据)
1.ofthenationfelttheearthquake.
2.Ahugecrackthatwaskilometreslongandmetreswidecutacrosshouses.
3.Interriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.
4.ofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.
5.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan.
6.Allofthecity’shospitals,_ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsandofitshomesweregone.
4.Fillintheblankwithproperwords
Therewasabig_______inTangshanin1976.Beforetheearthquake,thewaterinthevillagewells____andfell.Theanimalsweretoo____toeat.Butthepeopledidn’tknowaboutit.
At3:
42am,everythingbegantoshake.Infifteenterribleseconds,thelargecitylayin_____.Morethan_____peoplewerekilledorinjured.
Thenlaterthatafternoon,_____bigearthquakeshookTangshan.Butallhopewasnot____,becausesoldierscametohelpthose_______.
1.答案:
Strange;rose;fell;smelly;nervous;eat;jumped;ran;3:
00;bright;lights
2..答案:
3:
42;greatest;Steam;dirt;Bricks;dams;useless;steel;Sand;electricity
3..答案:
1/3;8;30;15;2/3;400,000;75%;90%
4..答案:
earthquake;rose;nervous;ruins;400,000;another;lost;survivors
5.True(T)orfalse(F)statement:
1.Two-thirdsofthenationfelttheearthquake.()
2.AllthepeopleinTangshanweredeadorinjuredduringtheearthquake.()
3.Allofthecity’shospitals,factories,buildingsandhomesweredamagedintheearthquake.()
4.Afterthesecondearthquake,everyoneincludingtherescueworkersanddoctorsweredied()
5.Laterthatafternoon,aterribleearthquakeshookTangshanagain.()
6.Peoplesleptoutdoorsaftertheearthquake.()
6.Choosethebestanswer.
(1)Whatisthemoodofthispassage?
A.Sad.B.Serious.C.Seriousandabitsad.D.Calm
(2)Whatcanbeinferredformthepassage?
A.Ifmicerunoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,theremustbeanearthquake.
B.Ifsomenaturalsignshadnotbeenignored,allthepeopleinTangshancitymighthavehadachancetosurvive.
C.Therewouldn'thavebeensuchagreatearthquake,ifpeoplehadpaidenoughatten-tiontosomenaturalsigns.
D.Ifsomenaturalsignshadnotbeenignored,morepeoplemighthavehadachancetosurvive.
(3)WhichofthefollowingstatementscannotbepartofthemainreasonsfortheheavylossoflifeinTangshanearthquake?
A.Theearthquakehappenedinthedeepnightandpeopleweresleepinginbedattheverymovement.
B.Thereweren'tenoughrescueworkers.
C.Thebuildingswerepoorlyconstructedandmostofthemweredestroyedintheearth-quake.
D.Peoplewerenotcarefulenoughtonoticesomenaturalsignsbeforetheearthquake.
三.课文全解全析Languagepoints
1.Imagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.假设你的家开始晃动,你必须立刻离开
imagine:
想象imaginedoingsth.;E.g.Heoftenimaginesflyinginthesky.
shake:
摇动shakehandsE.g.Ifelttheearthisshaking.
rightaway=atonce=innotime立刻,马上E.g.Youmustliverightaway.你应该马上离开
2.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.三天来,村子的水井中的水位升升落落不停.
@rise(rose,risen)vi.升起,起身,高耸,增长,上升n.上升,增加,上涨,发生,出现
riseagainst反抗Theyallroseagainsttheking
*rise和raise的区别:
risevi.指继续上升,常用于日,月,云,雾,烟,物价,温度,河水,潮水及人的职位等。
raisevt.表示举起,提出,提升,提高(例如水平等级,程度等)种植,饲养,用作“举起”
时,往往有使物体达到应有的高度的含义可用于具体或抽象的事物。
e.g.1)Everyoneknowsthesun_______intheeast.
2)Thepeople’slivingstandardhasgreatlybeen_______.
3)Theycan_________ricehere.
4)Hertemperatureisstill__________.
5)He______afamilyinthatvillage.
6)Thebuilders_____theceilingbysixinches.建筑工人把天花板升高了六英寸
7)Thepriceofbreadhas
1.rises;2.raised;3.Raise4.Rising5.raises6raised.7.risen
3.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide
句中lookingfor...是现在分词短语作状语。
现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作。
练习:
David变坐在沙发上边听音乐(Davidsatonthesofalisteningtothemusic)
4.Farmersnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.
农民们注意到水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝。
一股臭气从裂缝里冒出。
农家大院里的鸡,甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。
典例体验Toonervoustoreply,hestaredatthefloor.他眼睛盯着地面,紧张得答不上来。
Itisnevertoolatetogiveupourprejudice抛弃偏见永远也不会太晚。
归纳总结
toonervoustoeat意思为“太紧张而不能吃东西”。
其中的too...to...结构,表示“太……
以致于不……”。
关于too...to...句式的用法:
(1)too...to...太……以致于不……
(2)too...to...与not或never连用时,不定式为肯定意义。
not/nevertoo...to...,意为“并不
太……所以能……”。
Itisnevertoolatetomend.亡羊补牢,未为晚也。
(3)too...to...前面有only,but,all时,onlytoo,buttoo和alltoo相当于very,后面的不定式也
表示肯定。
E.g.I’monlytoopleasedtohelpyou.很荣幸能帮助你。
Weshallbeonly/buttoodelightedtohaveyouwithus.
能和你们在一起我们将感到非常高兴。
(4)当too...to...用来修饰表示态度,情绪,倾向等的形容词(如anxious,eager,glad,happy,
pleased,ready,willing)时,不定式为肯定意义。
e.g.Hewastooeagertoknowtheresultofhisexamination.他迫切想知道考试的结果。
即学即用
(1)Theboxwas(太重了,我搬不动).
(2)I’m(太累了,什么也想不起来)now.
(3)Iam(想作一次环球旅行).
tooheavyformetolift;tootiredtothinkofanything;
tooeagertotravelaroundtheworld
5.Burst&Crackcrackv.(使)裂开;n.裂缝
burst(burst–burst)爆裂;爆发
burstinto+n.闯进E.g.Somerobbersburstintothathouse.
burstout+doing突然做…
E.g.Theyburstoutlaughing/crying.=Theyburstintolaughter/laughing.
6.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusual.
thinkof想起,考虑;thinklittleof不注意、不重视;thinkhighlyof重视
7.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins在可怕的十五秒钟内,一座大城市变为废墟.
@ruinn.废墟(c.n),毁灭(u.n)Vt.使毁灭;inruins荒芜的,成为废墟
Thewarbroughtruintothecountry战争给这个国家带来了毁灭
Ourplanisinruins暴风雨摧毁了农作物
辨析:
hurt,injure,wound
hurt受伤的一般用语,常指心灵的伤害,也可指身体的受伤或疼痛.
wound指战场上的刀伤或枪伤
damage指对物体的破坏或损坏
injure一般指由于意外或事故而受伤,也可以表示“损害名誉,伤害感情等”
1.Hiswords______herfeelings.
2.It______theeyestoreadinthesun.
3.Morethan200peoplewere_________inthecaraccident.
4.Thesoldierswere__________-inthebattle.
1.hurt2.hurts3.Injured4.wounded
8.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend
1)asif似乎,好像=asthough
E.gShespoketomeasifsheknewme.她和我说话的神情,好像她早就认识我似的。
2)asif在表语从句中相当于that:
E.gItseemedasifthemeetingwouldneverend.看起来会议没完没了。
3)seem似乎
Itseems(tosb.)that/asif...意为:
(对某人来说)似乎……,asif后边可用虚拟语气。
seemtobe/like+n....似乎……,好像……
seemtobedoingsth./tohavedonesth.好像正在做/已经做了某事
seem(tobe)+n./adj.似乎是……
Thereseemstobe...好像有……
e.g1.theyknowwhatthey’redoing.他们好像知道他们正在做什么。
2.Thewholehousetobeempty.整座房子似乎空荡荡的。
3.他们一直仿佛是要结婚似的。
theywouldgetmarried.
4.我大概把书忘在家里了。
mybookathome.
答案1.Itseemsthat;2.seemed;3.Italwaysseemedasif;4.Iseemtohaveleft
注意:
seem(看起来)的否定式有两种:
Hedoesn’tseemtobeill.=Heseemsnottobeill.
练习:
好像要下雨了。
4).atanend(=finished)结束;终结E.gThewarwasatanend.
attheendof在……尽头,在……末
E.gGostraightandyou’llfindthehospitalattheendoftheroad.
bytheendof直到…末,到……结束的时候,主句一般用完成时
E.gHehadfinishedhisgreatworksbytheendof1980.到1980年底,他已完成了他的巨著。
intheend最后、终于E.gIntheendwefoundthehouse
9.ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichisonehundredkilometersaway.
*主句是过去时,表示过去动作,而从句用一般现在时,表示到现在还一直存在的事实。
在表示普遍真理时,也是用一般现在时。
(1)—You’redrinkingtoomuch.
---Onlyathome.Noone_____mebutyou.
A.isseeingB.hadseenC.seesD.saw
(2)Peopleinancienttimesdidn’tknowthattheearth____aroundthesun.
A.turnB.turnedC.isturningD.hadturned(cc)
*但是,若某一事实只是过去存在,现在不一定存在,则用过去时。
如:
Ididn’tknowyoulivedinthiscity.
*away表示空间上的隔开,也可以表示时间上的距离。
e.g.
(1)再有四天就到她的生日了。
Herbirthdayisfourdaysaway
(2)Hisvillageisfivemiles______fromhere.
A.farB.awayC..farawayD.fartherb
10.Two-thirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.
分数表达法:
分子(基数词为one)/分母(序数词用单数)eg.1/3one-third
分子(基数词不为one)/分母+s(序数词用复数)eg.2/3two-thirds;3/5three-fifths
百分数表达法:
数词+percent(%)表示“百分之…”eg.75%
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