1、abfpgx人教版必修1一unit4知识梳理解析及随堂练习含答案-+懒惰是很奇怪的东西，它使你以为那是安逸，是休息，是福气；但实际上它所给你的是无聊，是倦怠，是消沉;它剥夺你对前途的希望，割断你和别人之间的友情，使你心胸日渐狭窄，对人生也越来越怀疑。罗兰Book1 unit4一、fast reading Structure of the news report :1.Clue ( 线索 ) of the story: Time order: Beforeduringafter the earthquake找出每段的中心Para.1 Some strange things happened be
2、fore the earthquake.Para.2 The world was at an end. The earthquake hit the city.Para.3 The damage of the city in the earthquakePara.4 The rescue to the city2.分段并概括Para.1 Strange things were happening before the earthquake, but no one took any notice of them. Part2-3. The earthquake destroyed the cit
3、y of Tangshan and shocked the people very much. part 4. The army came to help the survivors（生还者）,bringing hope for a new life. 二、Careful reading 1.What happened before the earthquake?Walls of the wells_had deep cracChickens and pigs_were too nervous to eatMice ran out of the fields looking for place
4、s to hideFish jumped out of bowls and ponds Sound and lights_ were heard and seen Water pipes cracked and burst2.Fill in the blanksMain IdeaDetailssigns beforeEarthquake Para.11._ things were happening in the countryside in northeast Hebei.2.The water in the wells _ and _. 3.A _ gas came out of the
5、cracks.4.The chickens and pigs were too _to _.5.Fish _out of the bowls and ponds.6.Mice _ out of the fields.7.At _ am on July 28, 1976, people saw _ _ in the sky.Damage caused byearthquakePara. 2-31.At _ am, the _ earthquake of the 20th century began .2._ burst from holes in the ground.3.Hard hills
6、of the rock became rivers of _.4._ covered the ground like red autumn leaves.5. Two _ and most of the bridges fell.6. The railway tracks were now _pieces of _.7._ now filled the wells instead of water.8.Water,food,and _ were hard to get.3.Para. 2-3 Data(数据)1. of the nation felt the earthquake .2.A h
7、uge crack that was kilometres long and metres wide cut across houses.3.In terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 4. of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.5.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than .6.All of the citys hospitals, _ of its factories and
8、buildings and of its homes were gone.4.Fill in the blank with proper words There was a big _ in Tangshan in 1976. Before the earthquake, the water in the village wells _ and fell. The animals were too _ to eat. But the people didnt know about it. At 3:42 am, everything began to shake. In fifteen ter
9、rible seconds, the large city lay in_. More than _ people were killed or injured. Then later that afternoon, _big earthquake shook Tangshan . But all hope was not _,because soldiers came to help those_. 1.答案：Strange; rose; fell; smelly; nervous; eat; jumped; ran; 3:00; bright; lights2.答案：3:42； great
10、est；Steam；dirt；Bricks；dams；useless；steel；Sand；electricity3.答案：1/3；8；30；15；2/3；400,000；75%；90%4.答案：earthquake；rose；nervous；ruins；400,000；another；lost；survivors5.True ( T )or false( F ) statement :1. Two-thirds of the nation felt the earthquake. ( )2. All the people in Tangshan were dead or injured du
11、ring the earthquake. ( )3.All of the citys hospitals, factories, buildings and homes were damaged in the earthquake.( )4.After the second earthquake, everyone including the rescue workers and doctors were died ( )5. Later that afternoon, a terrible earthquake shook Tangshan again. ( )6. People slept
12、 outdoors after the earthquake.( )6.Choose the best answer.(1)What is the mood of this passage?A.Sad. B.Serious. C.Serious and a bit sad. D.Calm (2)What can be inferred form the passage?A.If mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide,there must be an earthquake.B.If some natural signs had
13、 not been ignored,all the people in Tangshan city might have had a chance to survive.C.There wouldnt have been such a great earthquake,if people had paid enough atten-tion to some natural signs.D.If some natural signs had not been ignored,more people might have had a chance to survive.(3)Which of th
14、e following statements can not be part of the main reasons for the heavy loss of life in Tangshan earthquake?A.The earthquake happened in the deep night and people were sleeping in bed at the very movement.B.There werent enough rescue workers.C.The buildings were poorly constructed and most of them
15、were destroyed in the earth-quake.D.People were not careful enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake.三.课文全解全析Language points 1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.假设你的家开始晃动,你必须立刻离开 imagine:想象 imagine doing sth. ; E.g.He often imagines flying in the sky
16、.shake :摇动 shake hands E.g. I felt the earth is shaking.right away=at once=in no time 立刻，马上 E.g.You must live right away.你应该马上离开2. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.三天来,村子的水井中的水位升升落落不停.rise (rose,risen) vi.升起, 起身, 高耸, 增长, 上升 n.上升, 增加, 上涨, 发生, 出现rise against反抗
17、They all rose against the king*rise和raise的区别：rise vi. 指继续上升，常用于日，月，云，雾，烟， 物价，温度，河水，潮水及人的职位等。raise vt. 表示举起，提出，提升，提高（例如水平等级，程度等）种植，饲养，用作“举起” 时，往往有使物体达到应有的高度的含义可用于具体或抽象的事物。e.g. 1）Everyone knows the sun _in the east.2) The peoples living standard has greatly been_.3) They can _ rice here.4) Her tempera
18、ture is still_.5) He _a family in that village.6) The builders _the ceiling by six inches. 建筑工人把天花板升高了六英寸7) The price of bread has 1.rises; 2.raised ; 3. Raise 4. Rising 5.raises 6 raised . 7. risen 3.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide句中looking for.是现在分词短语作状语。现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作。
19、练习：David 变坐在沙发上边听音乐（David sat on the sofa listening to the music）4.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农民们注意到水井的井壁上有深深的裂缝。一股臭气从裂缝里冒出。农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。典例体验 Too nervous
20、 toreply,he stared at the floor. 他眼睛盯着地面，紧张得答不上来。It is never too late to give up our prejudice 抛弃偏见永远也不会太晚。 归纳总结 too nervous to eat意思为“ 太紧张而不能吃东西 ”。其中的too.to.结构，表示“太以致于不”。关于too.to.句式的用法：（1）too.to.太以致于不（2）too.to.与not或never连用时，不定式为肯定意义。not/never too.to.,意为“并不太所以能”。It is never too late to mend.亡羊补牢，未为晚
21、也。（3）too.to.前面有only,but,all时，only too,but too和all too相当于very,后面的不定式也表示肯定。 E.g. Im only too pleased to help you.很荣幸能帮助你。We shall be only/but too delighted to have you with us.能和你们在一起我们将感到非常高兴。（4）当too.to.用来修饰表示态度，情绪，倾向等的形容词（如anxious,eager,glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing)时，不定式为肯定意义。e.g. He was too eag
22、er to know the result of his examination.他迫切想知道考试的结果。即学即用 (1)The box was (太重了，我搬不动). (2)Im (太累了，什么也想不起来) now.(3)I am (想作一次环球旅行).too heavy for me to lift ; too tired to think of anything;too eager to travel around the world5. Burst & Crack crack v. （使）裂开； n. 裂缝 burst（burst burst）爆裂; 爆发 burst into + n
23、. 闯进E.g.Some robbers burst into that house.burst out + doing 突然做E.g.They burst out laughing/crying.=They burst into laughter/laughing.6.But the one million people of the city,who thought little of these events,were asleep as usual.think of 想起，考虑; think little of 不注意、不重视 ; think highly of 重视 7.In fif
24、teen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins在可怕的十五秒钟内,一座大城市变为废墟.ruin n.废墟(c.n),毁灭(u.n) Vt. 使毁灭; in ruins 荒芜的,成为废墟The war brought ruin to the country战争给这个国家带来了毁灭Our plan is in ruins暴风雨摧毁了农作物辨析:hurt,injure,wound hurt受伤的一般用语,常指心灵的伤害,也可指身体的受伤或疼痛. wound指战场上的刀伤或枪伤 damage 指对物体的破坏或损坏 injure 一般指由于意外或事故而受伤
25、,也可以表示 “损害名誉,伤害感情等”1.His words _her feelings.2.It _the eyes to read in the sun.3.More than 200 people were _in the car accident.4.The soldiers were _-in the battle.1. hurt 2. hurts 3. Injured 4. wounded8. It seemed as if the world was at an end 1) as if 似乎，好像 = as thoughE.g She spoke to me as if she
26、 knew me. 她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。2) as if 在表语从句中相当于that:E.g It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。 3) seem 似乎 It seems (to sb.) that/as if.意为：（对某人来说）似乎 ，as if后边可用 虚拟 语气。seem to be/like+n.似乎，好像seem to be doing sth./to have done sth.好像正在做/已经做了某事seem (to be)+n./adj.似乎是There seems to be.好像
27、有e.g 1. they know what theyre doing.他们好像知道他们正在做什么。2. The whole house to be empty.整座房子似乎空荡荡的。3.他们一直仿佛是要结婚似的。 they would get married. 4.我大概把书忘在家里了。 my book at home.答案1.It seems that ; 2. seemed; 3.It always seemed as if; 4.I seem to have left 注意：seem（看起来）的否定式有两种：He doesnt seem to be ill. = He seems no
28、t to be ill.练习：好像要下雨了。4）.at an end (=finished) 结束; 终结 E.g The war was at an end.at the end of 在尽头，在末 E.g Go straight and youll find the hospital at the end of the road.by the end of 直到末,到结束的时候，主句一般用完成时 E.g He had finished his great works by the end of 1980. 到1980年底, 他已完成了他的巨著。in the end 最后、终于 E.g In
29、 the end we found the house9.It was felt in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away. *主句是过去时，表示过去动作，而从句用一般现在时，表示到现在还一直存在的事实。在表示普遍真理时，也是用一般现在时。(1)Youre drinking too much . -Only at home. No one _ me but you. A. is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. saw(2)People in ancient times didnt know that the e
30、arth _ around the sun. A. turn B. turned C. is turning D. had turned （cc）*但是，若某一事实只是过去存在，现在不一定存在，则用过去时。如：I didnt know you lived in this city. *away表示空间上的隔开，也可以表示时间上的距离。e.g. (1)再有四天就到她的生日了。Her birthday is four days away (2) His village is five miles _from here. A. far B. away C. far away D. farther b10.Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.分数表达法: 分子（基数词为one）/分母（序数词用单数）eg. 1/3 one-third 分子（基数词不为one）/分母+s （序数词用复数） eg. 2/3 two-thirds; 3/5 three-fifths百分数表达法：数词+percent (%) 表示 “百分之” eg. 75%
