高考英语大一轮复习 第一部分 Unit 1 Great scientist.docx
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高考英语大一轮复习 第一部分 Unit 1 Great scientist.docx
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高考英语大一轮复习第一部分Unit1Greatscientist
Unit1 Greatscientists
Ⅰ.情景默写
1.It’sverydifficultforustohandle(操纵)thismachine.
2.Theboatstartedtospin(旋转)aroundinthewater.
3.Ihadmanyreasonsforsuspecting(怀疑)thisapproach.
4.Hisinjuriesweresevere(严重的)andhewasrushedtohospital.
5.Thepresidentbecametooenthusiastic(热心的)overabignavy.
6.Heisintenselycautious(谨慎的)nottomakemistakesinspelling.
7.Employeesareexpectedandrequiredtoattend(参加)teammeetings.
8.Thecharacteristics(特征)ofthemachinearefullydetailedinourbrochure.
9.Weshouldanalyse(分析)whattheysaidandnotjustagreewitheverything.
10.Mostscientistsacceptthatclimatechangeislinked(联系)tocarbonemissions.
11.Asanexpert(专家)inEnglish,whatwouldyouadvisemetoprepareforthecontest?
12.Thedoctoriswell-knownforhavingcured(治疗)somepeopleofthedeadlydisease.
13.Thearmywaswell-trainedandwell-armed,andhadlittledifficultydefeating(击败)theenemy.
14.Thefoodenvironmentthatyou’reexposed(暴露)totodayismuchdifferentfromwhenIwasaboy.
15.Don’twastetimethinkingaboutasentencewhichdoesn’tmake_sense(讲得通).
16.Eatingtoomuchfatcanlead_to(导致)heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.
17.Iwrotealetterofcomplaint,andthemanagerhaspromisedtolook_into(调查)thematter.
18.IthinkthatitisIratherthanmysisterthatam_to_blame(应受责备)forwhathashappened.
19.Apart_from(除……之外)theEnglishclass,ItookanactivepartinEnglishCornerandotherafter-classEnglishactivities.
20.Everyoneissupposedtoput_forward(提出)somesuggestionsonhowtoimproveourenvironmentatthemeeting.
Ⅱ.词性转换
1.Youmustreadtheinstructions(instruct)beforetakingthemedicine.
2.Herproposalmetwithcontinualrejections(reject),whichmadehermad.
3.Wecancometotheconclusion(conclude)thatnothingissopreciousasfreedomintheworld.
4.Igetsoabsorbed(absorb)indoingsomethingthatIamunawareofthingshappeningroundme.
5.Iwanttobeascientisttodiscoverascientificbreakthroughtosavepeople’slives.(science)
6.Theworkersareconstructingthebridgedamagedbytheflood,andthebridgeunderconstructionconnectstheroadwiththetown.(construct)
7.Thefirstladyhascontributedalotofmoneytotheschoolandshehasmadegreatcontributionstoeducation.(contribute)
8.IwasboredwithmyjobandfeltIneededanewchallenge.LastweekIgotanewjobinabigfirm,andIfounditverychallenging.(challenge)
9.MaryannouncedtoherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboy.Theannouncementoftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspapernextweek.(announce)
10.ShewasalsothefirstfemalepainterrecordedinChinesepaintinghistory.(paint)
1.句型公式:
neither...nor...“既不……也不……”,连接两个并列的句子成分
这个周末,汤姆和他的父母都不打算去看电影。
Neither_Tom_nor_his_parents_are_going_toseethefilmthisweekend.
2.句型公式:
everytime“每次”,作连词用,引导时间状语从句
每次我去拜访他,他总是在忙着做家庭作业。
Every_time_I_call_on_him,heisalwaysbusywithhishomework.
3.句型公式:
onlyif...“只要,只有”,位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装
只要你有目标而且持之以恒地去追求,那么你就能实现梦想。
Onlyifyouhaveagoalandgoforitwithperseverancecan_you_realize_your_dream.
第一板块
核心词汇
1.concludevt.&vi.断定;推断;使结束,终止;达成;缔结
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.
②Inconclusion(conclude),IwouldliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday.
③Heconcluded_his_speech_with_a_famous_saying“wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”
他以一句名言“有志者,事竟成”结束他的演讲。
状元笔记全记牢
(1)conclude...with...就某事与某人达成协议;以……结束
concludesth.from...从……推断出……
(2)conclusionn.结论;结束
arriveat/cometo/draw/make/reachaconclusion得出结论
inconclusion总之;最后
2.attendvt.照顾;护理;出席;参加;上学
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Ican’tgooutwithyoutonightbecauseIhaveanurgentthingtoattendto.
②Shewaspraisedforhaving_attended_on/upon/tohersickmother-in-lawforoverthirtyyears.
她伺候生病的婆婆三十多年,受到人们的称赞。
状元笔记全记牢
attendschool/class/church上学/上课/做礼拜
attendtosb./sth.专心,留意,倾听某人/某事;处理,对付;照料,关怀
attendon/uponsb.照料、服侍某人
3.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使专心;并入;合并
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthisdiseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.
②Absorbed(absorb)inhiswork,hesimplyforgottohavesupperandsleep.
③Whatgasdoplantsabsorbfromtheatmosphere?
④专注读一本好书的时候,时间总是过得很快。
④-1Timepassesquicklywhenyou_are_buried_in_readingagoodbook.
④-2Timepassesquicklywhenyou_are_absorbed/lost_in_readingagoodbook.
④-3Timepassesquicklywhenyou_are_devoted_to_readingagoodbook.
状元笔记全记牢
(1)absorbone’sattention吸引某人注意
absorb...into...把……吸收进……
absorb...from...从……中吸收……
(2)absorbedadj.聚精会神的;专心致志的,极感兴趣的
beabsorbedin全神贯注于
【点津】
表示“全神贯注于”的常见短语还有:
belostin,beburiedin,bedevotedto等。
4.blamevt.责备;谴责;归咎于 n.过失;责备
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Manychildrenareafraidofbeing_blamed(blame)forfailingtheexam.
②Ifasonisuneducated,hisdadisto_blame(blame).
③Iamreadytotaketheblameforthemistake.
④不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人,有时该怪你自己。
④-1Don’talwaysblame_your_own_failure_onothers.Sometimesyouyourselfare_to_blame.(blamev.)
④-2Don’talwaysput/lay_the_blame_on_othersforyourownfailure.Sometimesyouyourselfshould_take_the_blame.(blamen.)
状元笔记全记牢
(1)blamesb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而责备某人
blamesth.onsb.将……归咎于某人
betoblame(for)应(为……)承担责任;该(为……)受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)
(2)taketheblame承担责任
put/laytheblameonsb.(for)(为……)把责任推到某人身上
5.exposevt.暴露;揭露;使曝光
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Somepeoplethinkweshouldn’texposethechildrentoplaying(play)computergames.
②Don’texposeyourskintodirectsunlight,oryou’llgetsunburnt.
③Exposingyourselftothesunlightfortoolongwillbeharmfultoyourskin.
→Beingexposedtothesunlightfortoolongwilldoharmtoyourskin.
→If(you_are)exposedtothesunlightfortoolong,youwillgetyourskinharmed.
状元笔记全记牢
exposesth.tosb.向某人揭发某事
exposesb.tosth.使某人接触到某物;使某人面临;使某人遭受
beexposedto暴露于……;处于……危险中
【点津】
to为介词,后接名词、动名词,不可接动词原形。
6.instructvt.命令;指示;教导
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Thecollegewillneedanadditionalteachertoinstructtheboysincooking.
②Theyinstructedhimto_leave(leave)thecountryatonce.
③Followtheinstructions(instruct)onthepacketcarefully.
④Heinstructedhertoremainwhereshewas.
→Heinstructedthatshe_(should)remainwhereshewas.
状元笔记全记牢
(1)instructsb.todosth.命令某人做某事
instructsb.in(doing)sth.指导某人(做)某事
instructsb.that...(should)dosth.命令……(宾语从句中用虚拟语气)
(2)instructiveadj.指示性的;有教育意义的
instructionn.指令;说明(常用复数)
7.curen.治愈;痊愈 vt.治愈;治疗
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Nowdoctorsbelievetheyhavecuredhimofthedisease.
②ProfessorWangsaidthereasonofshortsightednessiscomplicatedandthatthere_is_still_no_excellent_cure_for_it(针对近视仍然没有好的治疗方法).
状元笔记全记牢
acurefor...针对……的治疗(法)
curesb./adisease治疗好某人/治疗(治愈)某种疾病
curesb.ofsth.治愈某人的疾病/改掉某人的恶习等
8.putforward提出(建议);推荐;将……提前;将(钟表等)向前拨
高考必刷题练透
写出下列句子中putforward的含义
①Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.Butbeforeabetteroneisputforward,we’llmakedowithit.提出
②Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.将……提前
③Mywatchwasslow,soIputitforwardthreeminutes.将……向前拨
④Shewasputforwardasanadvancedworker.推荐
状元笔记全记牢
putaside节省;储蓄;储存;留出
putaway放好;积蓄
putoff延期;推迟
putout熄灭;生产
putup举起;张贴;建立;提供食宿
第二板块
经典句式
9.makesense讲得通;有意义
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/句型转换
①CanyoumakesenseofwhatthisAmericanissaying?
②AsfarasI’mconcerned,thereisnosenseingetting(get)upsetaboutitnow.
③Itdoesn’tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.
→Thereisnosenseinbuyingthecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.
状元笔记全记牢
(1)makesenseof理解;明白
makenosense没道理;没意义
(2)inasense在某一方面;就某种意义来说
innosense决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)
(3)Thereisno/littlesenseindoingsth.做某事没道理/没意义
10.onlyif只有,只要
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Onlyifateacherhasgivenpermissionisastudentallowedtoleavetheroom.
②OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.
③Ifonlyhehad(have)somethingtostandonnow.
④Only_if_people_trust_each_other_can_they(人们只有相互信任才能)cooperateandworkwell.
⑤It’stoobadthatIfailedinthemathexam.If_only_I_had_worked_hard_at_it(要是我之前努力学习就好了)!
状元笔记全记牢
(1)onlyif只有,只要,引导的状语从句在句首时,主句要用部分倒装
(2)ifonly但愿,要是……就好了,引导的状语从句使用虚拟语气,表达对现在、将来的愿望或与过去事实相反的愿望
【点津】
only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句并放在句首时,句子用部分倒装,即把助动词、情态动词或be动词放在主语之前。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
JohnSnow,awell-knowndoctorinLondon,became1.inspired(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho2.were_exposed(expose)tocholera,a3.deadly(dead)diseaseofhisday.Thousandsofpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak4.becausenooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolve5.theproblem.
Hegotinterestedintwotheories6.explaining(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheorythatsuggestedthatpeople7.absorbed(absorb)thediseasewiththeirmeals.In1854,8.whenanotheroutbreakhitLondon,hewasreadytotestthetwotheories.9.Withthehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas10.to_blame(blame).
Ⅱ.课文概要写作
细读本单元Reading部分,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的概要。
【参考范文】
JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorandexpertinLondon.(要点1)Hewantedtohelpordinarypeopleexposedtocholera—thedeadlydiseaseofitsday.(要点2)Hebelievedinthesecondtheorythatsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbedthediseasebythemouth.(要点3)Withthehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwastoblame
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