Lesson5-LoveIsAFallacy现代大学英语精读5课件.ppt
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Lesson5-LoveIsAFallacy现代大学英语精读5课件.ppt
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LoveIsaFallacy,MaxShulman,Teachingaim,I.LearntoappreciateEnglishstoriesandthedevelopmentofthestoriesII.LearntotasteandappreciatethehumorembeddedinthisstoryandthewritingtechniquesIII.GettoknowsomefeaturesofAmericancolloquialandslangyexpressions,LoveIsaFallacy,AbouttheauthorMaxShulman(March14,1919August28,1988)isa20thcenturyAmericanwriter,bestknownforhistelevisionandshortstorycharacterDobieGillis,aswellasforhisbest-sellingnovels.,Hiswritingoftenfocusesonyoungpeople,particularlyinacollegiatesetting.,LoveIsaFallacy,HeisoneofAmericasbest-knownhumorists.Heisawriterofmanytalents-hehaswrittennovels,stories,Broadwayplays,moviescreenplay(电影剧本),andtelevisionscripts(电视剧本).,Typeofwriting,Thistextisapieceofnarrativewriting.Thenarratorofthestory,DobieGillis,afreshmaninalawschool,istheheroorprotagonist.Hestrugglesagainsttwoantagonists:
PeteyBurch,hisroommatewhosegirlfriendheplanstosteal;andPollyEspy,thegirlheintendstomarryaftersuitablere-education.Theclimaxofthestoryisreachedinparas147-150whenPollyrefusestogosteadywithhimbecauseshehadalreadypromisedtogosteadywithPeteyBurch.Theresolutionfollowsrapidlyandendsonaveryironicnote.,LoveIsaFallacy,Thestory:
ThistextistakenfromTheManyLovesofDobieGillis(1951).DobieGillis,thenarrator,isatypicalAmericanteenagerwhofrequentlysuffersfromromanticangst(worry,anxiety).Thecharacterappearedonapopulartelevisionsitcom(situationcomedy)duringthe1950s.,LoveIsaFallacy,Thisisaninterestingandhumorousstory.Inthisstorythenarratortellshisfailuretowintheheartofayoungwomanwiththeforceoflogic,whichprovestohimthat“Loveisafallacy”.,LoveIsaFallacy,Therearethreepersonsinthestory:
DobieGillis,narrator,afreshmaninalawschool,theprotagonistofthestory;PeteyBurch,hisroommatewhosegirlfriendheplanstoget;PollyEspy,thegirlwhomheintendstomarryaftersuitablere-education.,LoveIsaFallacy,Thenarratorisquitesureofhisfinalsuccessbecauseheissmarteranditisonlylogicalthatthegirlwillchoosehim.However,theresultisagreatsurprisetohimbecausethegirlturnsdownhisproposalandchoosePeteyBurch,allbecauseofwhatDobieGillisregardsasa“sthsilly”,thusprovingthat“loveisafallacy”.,Argument,Inordertounderstandwhatafallacyis,onemustunderstandwhatanargumentis.Verybriefly,anargumentconsistsofoneormorepremisesandoneconclusion.Therearetwomaintypesofarguments:
deductive(推论)andinductive(归纳).Adeductiveargumentisanargumentthatthepremisesprovidecompletesupportfortheconclusion.Aninductiveargumentisanargumentthatthepremisesprovidesomedegreeofsupport(butlessthancompletesupport)fortheconclusion.,Fallacy,Fallaciesaredefectsinanargument-otherthanfalsepremises-whichcauseanargumenttobeinvalid,unsoundorweak.Fallacymeans1)anideawhichmanypeoplebelievetobetruebutwhichisinfactfalsebecauseitisbasedonincorrectinformationorfaultyreasoning.2)aweaknessandlackoflogicorgoodsenseinanargument;IncorrectnessofreasoningE.g.Thebeliefthatwomenarealwaysweakerthanmenisjustafallacy.,LoveIsaFallacy,Introduction1.Warm-upactivityWhatisyouropinionaboutlove?
Whatdoeslovemeanaccordingtoyou?
LoveIsaFallacy,2.theme:
Loveisafallacy-loveisinconsistentwithlogic.Theauthorwantstoleadreaderstotheconclusionthatloveisanerror,adeceptionandanemotionthatdoesnotfollowtheprinciplesoflogic,i.e.loveisblind.,LoveIsaFallacy,3.WhatdoesthenameEspymean?
Espy:
tocatchsightof(esp.faults,shortcomings,etc.),glimpse.theauthormighthavedeliberatelychosenthisname,whichmayalludetoheramazingphysicalattraction.4.Inwhichplacedoesthestoryreachitsclimax?
Theendingwhensherefusestogosteadywithhim.,LoveIsaFallacy,5.Theroleofraccooncoat:
Itisthereasonthatthegirldeniesthenarratorslove.Itimpliesthatloveisnotsth.thatcanbededuced.Loveisnotascientificstudy.6.Language:
alotofshortsentences;ellipticalsentences;inversion;dashes;metaphorandsimileareused;colloquialsentences,irregularsentences,shortenedformsareused(tomakethestoryvivid),TheTitleoftheText,Thetitleofthestory“Loveisafallacy”hastwomeanings.1)When“fallacy”istakeninitsordinarysense,thetitlemeans“thereisadeceptiveordelusivequalityaboutlove”.2)Whentakenasaspecificterminlogic,thetitlemeans“lovecannotbededucedfromasetofgivenpremises”,Macro-structureofthetext,Paras.1-3preludePart1:
(Paras.4-5)Theboastingofhimselfanddowngradinghisroommate.PartII:
(Paras.6-59)ThewholeprocessofhisdealwithPetey.HesucceededinpersuadingPeteytoexchangehisgirlforaraccooncoatPartIII:
(Paras60-120)HisdateswithPolly/Hisre-educationtoPollyPartIV(Paras121-154)Loveisnotlogical,butfallacy,DetailedStudy,Para1theauthorsremarkorattitudetowardswritingthestory:
spongy(notfirm)andflaccid(lackingfirmness/energy)andlimp.1.S1CharlesLambisthekindofmerryandenterprisingpersonyourarelyencounter.Hewrotetheessays,OldChinaandDreamsChildren,whichsetfreetheinformalessay.像查尔斯兰姆这样快乐和富有创新精神的人物并不常见,他写了古瓷和梦中的孩子两篇文章,这两篇文章可以说解放了散文。
LoveIsaFallacy,2.CharlesLamb(17751834):
Englishessayist.He,incollaborationwithhissisterMary,PublishedTalesfromShakespearein1867.Hisdramaticessays,SpecimensofEnglishDramaticPoets(1808),establishedhisreputationasacriticanddidmuchinrevivingthepopularityofElizabethendrama.OldChinaandDreamsChildrenarefromhiscollectiontheEssaysofElia(18231833).,LoveIsaFallacy,3.WhyisCharlesLambmentionedhere?
Tomakeacomparisonbetweenhiswriting(spongyorlimborflaccid)andLambs(informal)4.TherefollowsaninformalessaythatventuresevenbeyondLambsfrontier:
HereisaninformalessaywhichisevenfreerthantheonesLambwrote.,LoveIsaFallacy,5.Ls.Theauthorisbeinghumorouswithhisself-mockingtone.Thisessayofhis,ofcourse,isanythingbut“limp”,“flaccid”and“spongy”.,LoveIsaFallacy,Para21.Vaguethoughitscategory,itiswithoutdoubtanessay:
Althoughitisdifficulttosaywhichcategoryitbelongsto,itisundoubtedlyanessay.2.threeelementsintheessay:
argument,evidence/instance,conclusion,Englishauthor,isconsideredasoneofthemostimportantsocialcriticsofhisday.Carlylesstyle,called“Carlylese”,isacompoundofbiblicalphrases,colloquialisms,Teutonic(adj.日耳曼人的,日耳曼语的)twists,andhisowncoinages,arrangedinunexpectedsequences.,ThomasCarlyle(17951881),LoveIsaFallacy,5.JohnRuskin(1819-1900),LoveIsaFallacy,5.JohnRuskin(1819-1900):
Britishwriterandartcriticandsocialtheoristwhoconsideredagreatpaintingtobeonethatconveysgreatideastotheviewer.Heputforwardtheprinciplesthatartwasbasedonnationalandindividualintegrityandmoralityandthatartwasa“universallanguage”.Laterhisartcriticismbecamemorebroadlysocialandpolitical.InhisworksheattackedbourgeoisEnglandandchargedthemodernartreflectedtheuglinessandwasteofmodernindustry.Healsoadvocatedsocialreform.HisworksincludeModernPainters(1843-1860).,LoveIsaFallacy,Para3那么就读读下面这篇文章吧,它将向我们展示逻辑并不是一门枯燥乏味,迂腐不堪的学科,恰恰相反,逻辑是一个活生生的事物,充满美丽激情和心灵的创伤。
LoveIsaFallacy,Para4descriptionoftheauthorTheauthorissatirizingasmug,self-conceitedfreshmaninalawschool,whokeepsboastingateveryopportunity.Heheapsuponhimselfallthebeautifulwordsofpraisehecanthinkof-Thisexaggeratedself-praiseandtheprofuseuseofsimilesandmetaphorshelpmakethesatirehumorous.,LoveIsaFallacy,Para5descriptionofPeterBurch.,LoveIsaFallacy,Paras45acomparisonbetweenthetwocharactersBurchandnarrator.,LoveIsaFallacy,Para51.Impressionable:
easilyinfluenced易受影响的e.gimpressionableyoungpeople.Impressive:
Makingastrongorvividimpression:
给人以深刻印象的,LoveIsaFallacy,2.Faddist:
n.趋于时尚者,好新奇的人Faddish:
Havingthenatureofafad.具有追求时尚的天性的;Giventofads.赶时髦的Fad:
n.stressestheimpulsiveenthusiasmwithwhichafashionistakenupforashorttime(一时流行的)风尚;狂热一时的爱好;癖好,嗜好(craze)Fashion:
Theprevailingstyleorcustom,asindressorbehavior:
风格,时尚,LoveIsaFallacy,3.Fads,Isubmit,aretheverynegationofreason:
Ibelievefollowingfashion/crazesshowsacompletelackofsoundjudgment.,LoveIsaFallacy,4.Crazen.Ashort-livedpopularfashion;afad.短暂的时尚:
流行一时的狂热Acme:
Thehighestpoint;Summit最高点,极点theacmeofperfection完美无缺theacmeofgoodbehavior最崇高的行为theacmeofscience科学尖端theacmeofoneshope最高的愿望,LoveIsaFallacy,Not,however,toPetey:
Ellipsis.ThiswasnottheacmeofmindlessnesstoPetey.Peteydidnotconsidersuchbehaviorastheacmeofmindlessness.,LoveIsaFallacy,Para6.Oneafternoon,-Oneafternoon,whenIwentbacktomydorm,Peteywaslyingonhisbed.HeworesuchadepressedlookthatIcametotheconclusionatoncethathewassufferingfromappendicitis.,“Iwantaraccooncoat”,Racoon&RacoonCoat,LoveIsaFallacy,Para11Charlestonn.Afastlivelyballroomdancein4/4time,characterizedbyatwistingstepandpopularduringthe1920s.查尔斯顿舞,一种流行于20世纪20年代的快节奏的4/4拍舞厅舞,LoveIsaFallacy,Para16qualityofraccoonPetey,Why?
Lookatitrationally.:
Petey,whymustyouhavearaccooncoat?
“it”isavaguepronoun,standingforthewholeissueofowningandwearingaraccooncoat.,LoveIsaFallacy,Para20mybrain,thatprecisioninstrument,slippedintohighgear:
Mybrain,whichisaspreciseasachemistsscales,begantoworkathighspeed.“anything?
”ellipsis.Wouldyoureallygiveanythingforaraccooncoat?
Areyouindeedwillingtogiveanythingawayforaraccooncoat?
“anything.”Heaffirmedinringingtones(他毫不含糊地大声说道):
ellipsis.Yes,Imwillingtogiveanythingforaraccooncoat.,LoveIsaFallacy,
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