完整版中考英语阅读理解汇编附答案.docx
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完整版中考英语阅读理解汇编附答案.docx
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完整版中考英语阅读理解汇编附答案
ThepopulationoftheEarthisgrowingfaster.ItisimportantthatwelookaftertheEarth.Weneedit!
TheEarthgivesusalotofthings.WealsogivetheEarthalot,butsomeofthethingsarenotgood.
manyyears.
Innature,whensomethingdies,otheranimalsandplantsgetfoodfromit.Everyanimalorplantgivesfoodforotheranimalsorplants.However,animalscan'tgetfoodfrommanyofthethingsthatwegive'theEarth.Animalsandplantscan'teatmetal,plasticandglass.Thesethingswillstayinthegroundformany,many.
Somerubbishisverydangerousforplantsandanimals.Insomeplaces,manyanimalslivetogether.Oneanimalmakesfoodformanymoreanimals.Ifweputrubbishandchemicalsinthewater,theplankton(浮游生物)candie.Ifthereisn'tanyplankton,manyanimalshavenothingtoeat.
Sowhatcanwedo?
Don'leaveanyrubbishinthecountryside!
Don'makesomuchrubbish!
51.TheEarthgivesus.
A.foodB.rubbishC.chemicalsD.pollution
52.Whensomethingdiesinnature,.
A.waterandgrassarepolluted.B.plasticandwoodbecomefood
C.otheranimalsandplantsgetfoodD.metalandglassstayintheground
53.WemusttolookaftertheEarth.
A.putmetalinthegroundB.usemorewood
C.keepfrogsinthewaterD.makelessrubbish
答案:
acd
【例题二】
Choosingwhichuniversitytogotoisoneofthebiggestandmostexpensivedecisions
you'llhavetomake.Herearesomethingstoconsider.
Workoutwhetheryouwanttostudyathomeorabroad.Ifyou'regoingabroad,firstyou
havetothinkofthecostofyourstudy,livingexpensesandtheflighttickets.
Decidewhichcoursesinterestyouandfindoutmoreaboutwhowillteachthecourse.Trytocollectinformationfrompaststudents.
Checkouttheabilityoftheteachers.Studythekeysubjectsinthecourseandcomparethemwiththeonesfromotheruniversities.
Findoutiftheuniversityoffersworkforpracticeorexchangeprogramsforthecourseyou'reinterestedin.
Checkwhattheuniversityp'oliscy(政策)isforswitching(转换)coursesintheuniversityorchanginguniversities.
Manyuniversitiesnowhavewebsites.Usethemasachancetoasktheuniversitiesallthequestionsyouwant.
Visiteducationexhibitions(展览会).You'llbeabletofindoutmorebytalkingtoteachersfromdifferentuniversities,andtheycanbefoundeasilyatthesametime.
Gotoseetheuniversityifyoucan.Ifthisisnotpossiblebecauseofthecost,dosomeresearchandfindoutwheretheuniversityisaswellastheenvironmentaroundit.Itshouldn'tbetoohardtodothatwithprogramslikeGoogleMaps.
51.Howmanysuggestionsarementionedinthepassage?
A.Six.B.Severn.C.Eight.D.Nine.
52.Accordingtothepassage,ifyou'rgeoingtostudyabroad,whatshouldyoudofirst?
A.Thinkofthecost.B.Findoutauniversity.
C.Choosethecourse.D.Checktheteachersa'bility.
53.Whichistheeasiestwaytogettoknowdifferentuniversities?
A.Checkthewebsites.B.Visiteducationexhibitions.
C.UseGoogleMaps.D.Gotoseetheuniversities.
答案:
CAB
复杂细节题
【例题一】
IntheWest,somepeoplebelievethatpersonalitycanbepredictedaccordingtothetimeoftheyearthepersonwasborn.FromChinacomesthebeliefthattheyearofbirthinfluencesone'spersonality.Inthepastcentury,anewbeliefhasarisen:
theideathatpersonalityisrelatedtoone'sABObloodtype.PeoplewithbloodtypeA,forexample,areconsideredmorelikelytobeserious,hard-working,andquiet,whilepeoplewithbloodtypeOarelikelytobepopularandoutgoing,yetoftenunabletofinishwhattheystart.Thoughthisbeliefcontinuestobestrong,somepeoplequestionwhetheritistrue.
Theblood-typepersonalitytheory(理论)startedinJapanin1927whenFurukawaTakeji
noticedpersonalitysimilaritiesanddifferencesamonghisworkers.Theideasoonwentoutoffashion,butwasbroughtbackbyaJapanesetelevisionhostnamedToshitakaNomiinthe
1970s.ThebeliefisstillstronginJapanandisincreasinglypopularinneighboringcountries.SomeyoungKoreanshavetakentothetheory.Arecentstudyshowed76percentofKoreansagedbetween13and64believingintheblood-typepersonalityconnection.ThoughmostAsiansmightbelieveintheblood-typetheory,formanyitseemsharmlessandnotsomethingtobetakentooseriously.
Thereisalsothepossibilitythatpeopleareinflueneedtochangetheirpersonalitytomatchtheexpectedstereotypes(思维定式).AsurveyofstudiesmadeinJapanovera10-yearperiodfoundthatwhileinthe1970stherewasnorelationshipbetweenbloodtypeandpersonality,laterstudiesinthe1980sfoundthattherelationshipincreasedalittle.Researchersconcludedthatasthebeliefinthestereotypesincreases,peoplemaybechangingtheirpersonalitytofollowtheblood-typetheory.
Isthebelieftrue?
ThescientistsinAsialargelydismissthebeliefasamodern-daysuperstition(迷信).Moststudieshavefailedtofindanystrongconnectionbetweenbloodandpersonality.Generally,scientistswarnagainstmakingpredictionsorimportantdecisionsbasedonthisquestionabletheory.
57.ThewriterusesbloodtypeAandOasanexampletoexplain.
A.thediffereneebetweenthetwobloodtypes
B.therelationshipbetweenthetwobloodtypes
C.theinflueneeofbloodtypeonone'behavior
D.theconnectionbetweenpersonalityandbloodtype
58.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?
A.Itwaslightlybelieved.B.Itwasbroughttothem.
C.Theylikedandacceptedit.D.Theystoletheideafromothers.
59.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.MostscientistsinAsiadon'believeinthetheory.
B.Theblood-typetheorybeganinJapaninthe1970s.
C.Theblood-typepersonalitytheoryisaboutbloodtype.
D.Peopledon'changetheirpersonalitytomatchthetheory.
60.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Istheblood-typetheorypopular?
B.Isthepersonalitychangeable?
C.Isitinyourblood?
D.Isitinyourmind?
答案:
DCAC
【例题一】
Anyonewhocaresaboutwhatschoolsandcollegesteachandhowtheirstudentslearnwillbeinterestedinthememoir(回忆录)ofRalphW.TylerwhoisoneofthemostfamousmeninAmericaneducation.
BorninChicagoin1902,broughtupandschooledinNebraska,the19-year-oldcollegegraduateRalphTylerbecamehookedonteachingwhileteachingasascieneeteacherinSouthDakotaandchangedhismajorfrommedicinetoeducation.
GraduateworkattheUniversityofChicagofoundhimconnectedwithhonorableeducatorsCharlesJuddandW.W.Charters,whoseideasofteachingandtestinghadaneffectonhislaterwork.In1927,hebecameateacherofOhioStateUniversitywherehefurtherdevelopedanewmethodoftesting.
Tylerbecamewell-knownnationalityin1938,whenhecarriedhisworkwiththeEight-YearStudyfromOhioStateUniversitytotheUniversityofChicagoattheinvitationofRobertHutchins.
TylerwasthefirstdirectoroftheCenterforAdvaneedStudyintheBehavioralSciencesatStanford,apositionheheldforfourteenyears.There,hefirmlybelievedthatresearchersshouldbefreetoseekanindependentspiritintheirwork.
AlthoughTylerofficiallyretiredin1967,heneveractuallyretired.HeservedonalonglistofeducationalorganizationsintheUnitedStatesandabroad.Eveninhis80shetraveledacrossthecountrytoadviseteachersandmanagementpeopleonhowtosetobjectives(目标)thatdevelopthebestteachingandlearningwithintheirschools.
51.
WhoaremostprobablyinterestedinRalphW.Tyler'memoir?
A.Topmanagers.
C.Seriouseducators.
B.Factoryworkers.
D.Scienceresearcher.
52.
Theunderlinedphrase“hooked)n
teachinginParagraph2probablymeans
A.interestedinteaching
B.tiredofteaching
C.satisfiedwithteaching
D.unhappyaboutteaching
53.
WheredidTylerworkastheleaderofaresearchcenterforover10years?
A.TheUniversityofChicago.
B.StanfordUniversity.
C.OhioStateUniversity.
D.NebraskaUniversity.
答案:
CAB
【例题二】
Aresearchshowsthatexpressionsonourfaceshaveastrongrelationshipwithourgenes(基因).Accordingtothestudy,facialexpressionsofourfeelingsareinnateandarenotachievedinculturallearning.
Thisisthefirstresearchtoshowthatblindpeoplehavethesamefacialexpressionsasthesightedwhenshowingcertainfeelings—thesamefacialmuscles(肌肉)startworking.What'smore,theresearchgivesthenewmethodofhowpeoplecontroltheirfeelingsincertainsocialsituations.Itstatesthatpeopledonotlearntomanagetheirfacialexpressionsbyexaminingtheexpressionsofothers.
Inhisstudy,DavidMatsumoto,SanFranciscoStateUniversityPsychologyProfessor,examinedfacialexpressionsofblindandsightedjudoathletes(柔道运动员)thattookpartintheSummerOlympicsandParalympics(残奥会).Heexaminedover4,800picturesofdifferentathleteswhocamefrom23countries.Matsumotofoundthatbothblindandsightedsportsmenhadthesamefacialexpressions,accordingtoaspecificsocialsituation.
“Thissuggestsgenesdecidefacialexpressionsoffeelings,”hesaid.
Oneofhisfindingswasthe“socialsmiles”ofjudoathleteswholosttheirmatchandgotthesecondplace.Itisinterestingtofindthatonlymouthmusclesareusedinsocialsmiles,whileduringrealsmiles,shownwhenapersonisreallyhappy,theeyesofapersontwinkleandgetsmallerandthecheeks(脸颊)rise.
“Loserspushedtheirlowerlipupasiftocontrolthefeelingontheirfaceandmanyproducedsocialsmiles,”saidMatsumoto,“Peopleblindfrombirthwereunabletolearntomanagetheirfeelingswiththehelpofexaminingot
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