人力资源专业英语Word格式文档下载.docx
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RecruitingJobCandidates
Unit4SelectionandInterviewing
SelectionMethods
Interviewing
Unit5TrainingandDevelopment
OrientationandTraining
ManagementDevelopment
Unit6PerformanceAppraisalandCareerManagement
PerformanceAppraisal
CareerManagement
Unit7Compensation,incentivesandbenefits
Compensation
IncentivesandBenefits
TheManager’sHumanResourceManagementJobs
Tounderstandwhathumanresourcemanagementis,weshouldfirstreviewwhatmanagersdo.Mostexpertsagreethattherearefivebasicfunctionsallmanagersperform:
planning,organizing,staffing,leading,andcontrolling.Intotal,thesefunctionsrepresentthemanagementprocess.Someofthespecificactivitiesinvolvedineachfunctioninclude:
Planning:
Establishinggoalsandstandards;
developingrulesandprocedures;
developingplansandforecasting-predictingorprojectingsomefutureoccurrence.
Organizing:
Givingeachsubordinateaspecifictask;
establishingdepartments;
delegatingauthoritytosubordinates;
establishingchannelsofauthorityandcommunication;
coordinatingtheworkofsubordinates.
Staffing:
Decidingwhattypeofpeopleshouldbehired;
recruitingprospectiveemployees;
selectingemployees;
settingperformancestandards;
compensatingemployees;
evaluatingperformance;
counselingemployees;
traininganddevelopingemployees.
Leading:
Gettingotherstogetthejobdone;
maintainingmorale;
motivatingsubordinates.
Controlling:
Settingstandardssuchassalesquotas,qualitystandards,orproductionlevels;
checkingtoseehowactualperformancecompareswiththesestandards;
takingcorrectiveactionasneeded.
Wearegoingtofocusononeofthesefunctions----thestaffing,personnelmanagement,or(asit'
susuallycalledtoday)humanresourcemanagement(HRM)function.Humanresourcemanagementistheprocessofacquiring,training,appraising,andcompensatingemployees,andattendingtotheirlaborrelations,health,andsafety,andfairnessconcerns.Thetopicswe’lldiscussshouldprovideyouwiththeconceptsandtechniquesyouneedtocarryoutthe“people”orpersonnelaspectsofyourmanagementjob.Theseinclude:
Conductingjobanalyses(determiningthenatureofeachemployee'
sjob)
Planninglaborneedsandrecruitingjobcandidates
Selectingjobcandidates
Orientingandtrainingnewemployees
ManagingWagesandSalaries(howtocompensateemployees)
Providingincentivesandbenefits
Appraisingperformance
Communicating(interviewing,counseling,disciplining)
Traininganddeveloping
Buildingemployeecommitment
Andwhatamanagershouldknowabout:
Equalopportunityandaffirmativeaction
Employeehealthandsafety
Grievancesandlaborrelations
LineandStaffAspectsofHRM
Allmanagersare,inasense,HRmanagers,sincetheyallgetinvolvedinactivitieslikerecruiting,interviewing,selecting,andtraining.Yetmostfirmsalsohaveahumanresourcedepartmentwithitsownhumanresourcemanager.HowdothedutiesofthisHRmanagerandhisorherstaffrelateto“line”managers’humanresourceduties?
Let’sanswerthisquestion,startingwithashortdefinitionoflineversusstaffauthority.
LineVersusStaffAuthority
Authorityistherighttomakedecisions,todirecttheworkofothers,andtogiveorders.Inmanagement,weusuallydistinguishbetweenlineauthorityandstaffauthority.
Linemanagersareauthorizedtodirecttheworkofsubordinates—they’realwayssomeone'
sboss.Inaddition,linemanagersareinchargeofaccomplishingtheorganization'
sbasicgoals.(Hotelmanagersandthemanagersforproductionandsalesaregenerallylinemanagers,forexample.Theyhavedirectresponsibilityforaccomplishingtheorganization'
sbasicgoals.Theyalsohavetheauthoritytodirecttheworkoftheirsubordinates.)Staffmanagers,ontheotherhand,areauthorizedtoassistandadviselinemanagersinaccomplishingthesebasicgoals.HRmanagersaregenerallystaffmanagers.Theyareresponsibleforadvisinglinemanagers(likethoseforproductionandsales)inareaslikerecruiting,hiring,andcompensation.
LineManagers’HumanResourceManagementResponsibilities
Accordingtooneexpert,“Thedirecthandlingofpeopleis,andalwayshasbeen,anintegralpartofeverylinemanager’sresponsibility,frompresidentdowntothelowest-levelsupervisor.”
Forexample,onemajorcompanyoutlinesitslinesupervisors’responsibilitiesforeffectivehumanresourcemanagementunderthefollowinggeneralheadings:
1.Placingtherightpersonontherightjob
2.Startingnewemployeesintheorganization(orientation)
3.Trainingemployeesforjobsthatarenewtothem
4.Improvingthejobperformanceofeachperson
5.Gainingcreativecooperationanddevelopingsmoothworkingrelationships
6.Interpretingthecompany’spoliciesandprocedures
7.Controllinglaborcosts
8.Developingtheabilitiesofeachperson
9.Creatingandmaintainingdepartmentalmorale
10.Protectingemployees’healthandphysicalcondition
Insmallorganizations,linemanagersmaycarryoutallthesepersonneldutiesunassisted.Butastheorganizationgrows,theyneedtheassistance,specializedknowledge,andadviceofaseparatehumanresourcestaff.
HumanResourceDepartment'
sHRManagementResponsibilities
Thehumanresourcedepartmentprovidesthisspecializedassistance.Indoingso,theHRmanagercarriesoutthreedistinctfunctions:
1.Alinefunction.First,theHRmanagerperformsalinefunctionbydirectingtheactivitiesofthepeopleinhisorherowndepartment.Inotherwords,heorsheexertslineauthoritywithinthepersonneldepartment.
2.Acoordinativefunction.HRmanagersalsofunctionascoordinatorsofpersonnelactivities,adutyoftenreferredtoasfunctionalcontrol.HeretheHRmanageranddepartmentactasthe“rightarmofthetopexecutive”toensurethatlinemanagersareimplementingthefirm’sHRobjectives,policies,andprocedures.
3.Staff(service)functions.Assistingandadvisinglinemanagersisthe“breadandbutter”oftheHRmanager’sjob.Forexample,HRassistsinthehiring,training,evaluating,rewarding,counseling,promoting,andfiringofemployees.Italsoadministersthevariousbenefitprograms(healthandaccidentinsurance,retirement,vacation,andsoon).Itassistslinemanagersintheirattemptstocomplywithequalemploymentandoccupationalsafetylaws.Anditplaysanimportantrolewithrespecttogrievancesandlaborrelations.Aspartoftheseserviceactivities,theHRmanagers(anddepartment)alsocarryoutan“innovator”rolebyproviding“up-to-dateinformationoncurrenttrendsandnewmethodsofsolvingproblems.”Forexample,thereismuchinteresttodayincreating“learningorganizations”andinprovidingcareerplanningforemployees.HRmanagersstayontopofsuchtrendsandhelptheirorganizationsimplementtherequiredprograms.
HRpositionsincludecompensationandbenefitsmanager,employmentandrecruitingsupervisor,trainingspecialist,employeerelationsexecutive,andsafetysupervisor.Examplesofjobdutiesinclude:
Recruiters:
Maintaincontactwithinthecommunityandperhapstravelextensivelytosearchforqualifiedjobapplicants.
EqualEmploymentOpportunity(EEO)RepresentativesorAffirmativeActionCoordinators:
InvestigateandresolveEEOgrievances,examineorganizationalpracticesforpotentialviolations,andcompileandsubmitEEOreports.
JobAnalysts:
Collectandexaminedetailedinformationaboutjobdutiestopreparejobdescriptions.
CompensationManagers:
Developcompensationplansandhandletheemployeebenefitsprogram.
TrainingSpecialists:
Responsibleforplanning,organizing,anddirectingtrainingactivities.
LaborRe1ationsSpecialists:
Advisemanagementonallaspectsofunion-managementrelations.
CooperativeLineandStaffHumanResourceManagement:
AnExample
ExactlywhichHRmanagementactivitiesarecarriedoutbylinemanagersandstaffmanagers?
There'
snosingledivisionoflineandstaffresponsibilitiesthatcouldbeappliedacrosstheboardinallorganizations.Buttoshowyouwhatsuchadivisionmightlooklike,we'
vepresentedanexampleinFigure."
ThisshowssomeHRresponsibilitiesoflinemanagersandstaffmanagersinfiveareas:
recruitmentandselection;
traininganddevelopment;
compensation;
laborrelations;
andemployeesecurityandsafety.
Forexample,intheareaofrecruitingandhiring,it'
sthelinemanager'
sresponsibilitytospecifythequalificationsemployeesneedtofillspecificpositions.ThentheHRstafftakesover.Theydevelopsourcesofqualifiedapplicantsandconductinitialscreeninginterviews.Theyadministertheappropriatetests.Thenthey'
referthebestapplicantstothesupervisor(linemanager),whointerviewsandselectstheonesheorshewants.
Insummary,HRmanagementisanintegralpartofeverymanager'
sjob.Whetheryou'
reafirst-linesupervisor,middlemanager,orpresident,whetheryou’reaproductionmanager,salesmanager,officemanager,hospitaladministrator,countymanager(orHRmanager),gettingresultsthroughcommittedpeopleisthenameofthegame.Andtodothis,you'
llneedagoodworkingknowledgeofthehumanresource/personnelconceptsandtechniquesinthisbook.
NewWordsandKeyTerms
managementprocess管理过程personnel/humanresource
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