18版皖湘并列句和状语从句.docx
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18版皖湘并列句和状语从句.docx
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18版皖湘并列句和状语从句
并列句和状语从句
Ⅰ.语法填空考点聚焦
考向1 并列句中的连词
1.Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,________itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.(2016·四川)
2.Buttheriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays________evenafewmonths.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
3.Weweretoldthatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,________fortheweekafter.(2014·广东)
4.SoNickcalledtohisson,“Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt,butpayafairpriceforit:
neithertoomuch________toolittle.”(2013·广东)
考向2 状语从句中的连词
1.Overtime,________thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.(2016·全国Ⅲ)
2.Themother(panda)heldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.________itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.(2016·四川)
3.Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrass________itbegantorainheavily.(2015·广东)
4.Unbelievable!
Oh...,________youdon’tmind,I’llstopandtakeadeepbreath.(2014·辽宁)
Ⅱ.短文改错考点聚焦(每小题1处错误)
考向1 并列句中并列连词的错用或缺失
1.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusedforcooking.(2016·全国Ⅰ)
2.Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandtakingatrip.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.(2016·全国Ⅱ)
3.Momhasafulltimejob,soshehastodomostofthehousework.(2016·四川)
4.Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown,hewasstrongandpowerful.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
考向2 状语从句中连词的错用
1.MyonlymistakewasthatIdroppedsomeonthefloorafterIwaspackingthemup.(2015·陕西)
2.IfIwasonlyachildwhenIstudiedinthatclassroom,Iwillneverforgetit.(2015·浙江)
3.Anditiswisetohaveasmanygoodfriendsthatwecan.(2014·大纲全国)
4.Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatient.(2013·陕西)
考向3 状语从句中连词的重复、缺失与其他
1.Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp.(2016·全国Ⅲ)
2.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear,butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
3.Infact,heevenscaredmyclassmatesawayduringtheycameovertoplayordohomeworkwithme.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
◆连词的分类
连词常分为并列连词(也叫等立连词)和从属连词两大类。
◆并列句与并列连词的核心考点
1.并列句的基本概念
并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。
在并列句中,这些简单句常由并列连词连在一起。
并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。
2.常见的并列连词
(1)表示递进或顺承关系:
常用的并列连词有and,notonly...but(also)...等。
Hehadplentyofmoneyandhespentitfreely.
Notonlydidhespeakmorecorrectly,buthe(also)spokemoreeasily.
(2)表示选择关系:
常用的并列连词有or,either...or...等。
Eitheryouareright,orIam.
(3)表示转折关系:
常用的并列连词有but,yet,whereas等。
Janesaidshewasill,yetIsawherinthestreetjustnow.
Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdonot.
(4)表示因果关系:
常用的并列连词有so,for等。
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,foritiswetallover.
Theshopswereclosed,soIdidn’tgetanymilk.
(5)when也可用作并列连词,意为“那时,这时”,相当于andatthis/thattime。
常用于下列句式:
①sb.wasdoingsth.when...;②sb.wasabouttodo/goingtodo/onthepointofdoingsth.when...;③sb.had(just)donesth.when...。
Wewerehavingameetingwhensomeonebrokein.
Wewereabouttosetoffwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.
(6)while作为并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。
Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.
◆从属连词与状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1.before引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。
常用如下句型:
Itwillbelongbefore...(得过好久才……)
Itwillnotbelongbefore...(过不了多久就……)
Itwaslongbefore...(过了好久才……)
Itwasnotlongbefore...(过了不久就……)
2.since后面所用动词不同,该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。
Itistwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy.
他参军两年了。
Itistwoyearssincehesmoked.他戒烟两年了。
3.as,when,while用法一览表。
类别
作用
例句
as
as表示“当……的时候”,往往和when/while通用,但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。
ShecameupasIwascooking.(同时)
Therunnersstartedasthegunwentoff.(几乎同时)
when
(atorduringthetimethat)既可以表示在某一点的时候,又可表示在某一段时间内,主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
Itwasrainingwhenwearrived.(指时间点)
Whenwewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.(在一段时间内)
while
while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。
主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生,从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。
在when表示aperiodoftime时,两者可以互换。
Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.
Hefellasleepwhile/whenreading.
Strikewhiletheironishot.(不可用as或when,这里的while意思是“趁……”)
4.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有:
(1)till,not...until...,until
Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.
Hewaitedforhisfatheruntil/tillitwastwelveo’clock.
(2)hardly/scarcely...when,nosooner...than表示“刚……就”
Wehadhardlygot/Hardlyhadwegotintothecountrywhenitbegantorain.
Nosoonerhadhearrived/Hehadnosoonerarrivedthanshestartedcomplaining.
(3)directly,immediately,themoment,theminute,theinstant,assoonas,意为“一……就”
Hemadeforthedoordirectlyheheardtheknock.
Themomenthesawhismother,heburstintotears.
(4)eachtime,everytime
Eachtimehecametomycity,hewouldcallonme.
二、让步状语从句
1.although与though可以引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,但可以与yet连用。
Although/Thoughtheyarepoor,(yet)theyarewarmhearted.
2.evenif或eventhough引导让步状语从句,表示“即使”、“纵然”,用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。
I’llgetthereevenif/thoughIhavetosellmyhousetogetenoughmoneytogobyair.
3.nomatter后接who,what,where,how等疑问词引导让步状语从句,也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever,whatever,wherever,however等。
但在引导名词性从句时,只能用“疑问词+ever”类词。
Don’ttrusthim,nomatterwhat/whateverhesays.
Iwilleatwhateveryougiveme.
Nomatterhow/howeverhardtheworkis,you’dbettertrytodoitwell.
4.as也可以引导让步状语从句,需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首,引起倒装;作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词,冠词需省去。
though引导的从句也可以倒装,但although引导的不可以。
Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.
MuchasIlikeit,Iwon’tbuy.
Tryashewould,hecouldn’tlifttheheavybox.
5.while也可以引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管”,比though/although语气弱。
while引导的让步状语从句一般要位于句首。
三、原因状语从句:
because,as,since,nowthat
1.表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道,因此because从句是全句最重要的部分,通常它被置于主句之后。
YouwanttoknowwhyI’mleaving?
I’mleavingbecauseI’mfedupwiththeboss.
2.表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显,或已为听话人所熟悉,因此它是句中不很重要的部分。
since要比as正式一些,它们通常被置于主句之前,但有时却相反。
Seeingallofthechildrenalreadyseated,hesaid,“Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.”
3.下列情况下只能使用because:
(1)在回答why的问句时;
(2)在用于强调句型时;
(3)被not所否定时。
四、地点状语从句:
where,wherever等
Makeamarkwhereveryouhaveanyquestions.
WewillgowherethePartydirectsus.
五、目的状语从句:
that,sothat,inorderthat
注意:
目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词连用,否则可能是结果状语从句,不可置于句首。
Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlytrain.
六、结果状语从句:
that,sothat,so...that...,such...that...
注意:
so+形容词/副词+that从句;such+名词+that从句。
Sheissogoodthatwealllikeher.
Heissuchagoodteacherthatweallrespecthim.
七、方式状语从句:
as,asif/though
I’lldoasIamtoldto.
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.
八、条件状语从句:
if,unless,so/aslongas,incase,once,onconditionthat等
Youcanusemybikeaslongasyoureturnitontime.
九、比较状语从句:
than;(not)as/so...as...;notthesameas;the+比较级,the+比较级
Heworksashardasothers.
Wetreatboysexactlythesameasgirls.
Thesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.
Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.
题组训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Youhavetomoveoutoftheway____________thetruckcannotgetpastyou.
2.Mikewasusuallysocareful,____________thistimehemadeasmallmistake.
3.Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,________you’llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.
4.Atschool,somestudentsareactive________someareshy,yettheycanbegoodfriendswithoneanother.
5.Everythingwasplacedexactly________hewanteditforthegraduationceremony.
6.Hot____________thenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.
7.ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficulties________itgetsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.
8.________hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.
9.Thedoctortoldthepatienttogoonadiet________hewasoverweight.
10.Thereoncewasaveryrichman.Hewassogeneroustoeverybodyaroundhim________manypeopleinhisneighborhoodknewhim.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题1处错误)
1.HisnewjobmeantIhadtosaygoodbyetomyclassmates,myschoolorjusteverythingelseIloveintheworld.
2.Myfatherishardworkingbutgoestoworkinthefieldeveryday.
3.IhavebeenmissingyouverymuchafterIwenttocollegeayearago.
4.Intheend,wedrovetoaservicestationandwaitedthereunlesstheroadwasclear.
5.Mom,thoughImaynotoftensayit,Idoloveyou.Nobodycantakeyourpartinmyheart.WheneverIam,Iwillalwaysloveyou.
6.Itisinthedowntownarea,butitiseasytogoanywherefromthehotelbypublictransport.
7.Icalledmyparents,soIdidnottellthemwhathadhappened.
8.Todealwiththeproblem,Ithink,theyshouldfirstgoallouttoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater.
9.Herhairwasblackandpurple,andsheworeblacksportsshoesandablacksweater,althoughinthesummer.
10.Somefriendsofhisgotoseehimeveryday,theytakehimlotsofgoodbooksandfreshfruit.
Ⅲ.语法填空(连词专练)
Mymotherwascookinginthekitchen1.________Iwasdoingmyschoolassignments.NosoonerhadIfinishedmyhomework2.________thedoorbellrang.However,mysisterunlockedthedoor3.________Icouldopenit.Weweresurprisedthemomentwesawher4.________herclothesandfacewereterriblydirty.Shelookedmuchpoorer5.________weexpected.6.________wedidn’tknowwhathadhappenedtoher,westoodthereandwaitedformysister’sstory.Wewouldn’tleave7.________mysistertoldusallaboutit.8.________mysistergotchanged,shetoldusthatshefellintoaditch9.__________shewalkedonapathonherwaytomyuncle’shomeinthecountryside.Shecouldn’tgetoutoftheditch.10.____________shecriedforhelploudly,noonecouldhearher.Shetriedtoclimboutofit,but11.________hardshetried,shefailedtoescapefromit.12.________timewentby,shegotworried.
Afterseveralvainattemptsshehadtostand13.________shewasandwaited14.________aboystude
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