高级英语(1)修辞格汇总.12教学文稿.pdf
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高级英语(1)修辞格汇总.12教学文稿.pdf
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级英语(级英语
(1)修辞格汇总)修辞格汇总.12教学稿教学稿级英语
(1)修辞格汇总2014.12、词语修辞格
(1)simile明喻.amemorythatseemedphonographic“Mama,”Wangerosaidsweetasabird.“canIhavetheseoldquilts?
”MostAmericanrememberM.T.asthefatherof.Hairisalloverhisheadafootlongandhangingfromhischinlikeakinkymuletail.Impressedwithhertheyworshipedthewell-turnedphrase,thecuteshape,thescaldinghumorthateruptedlikebubblesinlye.Myskinislikeanuncookedbarleypancake.Shegaspedlikeabeehadstungher.
(2)metaphor暗喻Itisavast,sombrecavernofaroom,Littledonkeyswithharmoniouslytinklingbellsthreadtheirwayamongthethrongsofpeopleenteringandleavingthebazaar.Thedye-market,thepotterymarketandthecarpentersmarketlieelsewhereinthemazeofvaultedstreetswhichhoneycombthebazaar.AthelastthisintermezzocametoanendshowingjustenoughofherthinbodyenvelopedinpinkskirtandredblouseAfterItrippedoverittwoorthreetimeshetoldmeMarkTwain-MirrorofAmericasawclearlyaheadablackwallofnight.mainarteryoftransportationintheyoungnationsheartAllwouldresurfaceinhisbooks.thathesoakedup.?
Whenrailroadsbegandryingupthedemand.?
.theepidemicofgoldandsilverfever.?
Twainbegandigginghiswaytoregionalfame.?
MarkTwainhonedandexperimentedwithhisnewwritingmuscles.?
TheDuchessofCroydonkeptfirm,tightreinonherracingmind.?
Hervoicewasawhiplash.?
andlaunchthiscataractofhorrorsuponmankind?
Butallthisfadesawaybeforethespectaclewhichisnowunfolding.?
IseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,stillsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping,delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.?
IseetheRussiansoldiersstandingonthethrestholdoftheirnativeland,guardingthefieldswhichtheirfathershavetilledfromtimeimmemorial.21TheNaziregimeisdevoidofallthemeandprincipleexceptappetiteandracialdomination.22Isupposetheywillberoundedupinhordes.23Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair,until,withGodshelp,wehaveridtheearthofhisshadowandliberateditspeoplesfromhisyoke.(3)metonymy借代,转喻Inshort,allofthesepublicationsarewritteninthelanguagethattheThirdInternationaldescribesTheWashingtonPost,inaneditorialcaptionedKeepYourOldWebsters(4)synecdoche提喻ThecasehaderuptedroundmyheadThecasehaderuptedroundmyheadOrwhatofthosesheetsandjetsofairthatarenowbeingused,inplaceofold-fashionedoakandhinges.Butneitherhisvanitynorhispurseisanyconcernofthedictionarys(5)personification拟untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashesEveryhereandthere,adoorwaygivesaglimpseofasunlitcourtyard,perhapsbeforeamosqueoracaravanserai,wherecamelsliedisdainfullychewingtheirhay收集于络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除.toliteraturesenduringgratitude.Thegraveworldsmilesasusual.Bitternessfedontheman.Americalaughedwithhim.Personaltragedyhauntedhisentirelife.(6)transferredepithet移就DarrowhadwhisperedthrowingareassuringarmroundmyshoulderTheobesebodyshookinanappreciativechuckle.TwohighpointsofcolorappearedinthepalenessoftheDuchessofCroydonscheeks.Ihavebeenexhilaratedbytwodaysofstorms,butaboveallIlovetheselongpurposelessdaysinwhichIshedallthatIhaveeverbeen.(V.Sackville-West,NoSignpostsintheSea)(7)hyperbole夸张Theroadwayisabouttwelvefeetwide,butitisnarrowedeveryfewyardsbylittlestallswheregoodsofeveryconceivablekindaresold.Ifeelmywholefacewarmingfromtheheatwavesitthrowsout.IfHitlerinvadedHellandwouldmakeatleastafavorablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.IseethetenthousandvillagesofRussiawherethemeansofexistenceiswrungsohardlyfromthesoil,butwheretherearestillprimordialhumanjoys,wheremaidenslaughandchildrenplay.cruisethrougheternalboyhoodand.endlesssummeroffreedom.Thecastofcharacters.-acosmos.Americalaughedwithhim.ThetrialthatrockedtheworldHisreputationasanauthorityonScriptureisrecognizedthroughouttheworld.(8)oxymoron盾修饰法DudleyFieldMalenecalledmyconvictiona,victoriousdefeat.(9)euphemism委婉语amotleybandofConfederateguerrillaswhodiligentlyavoidedcontactwiththeenemy.mensfinalreleasefromearthlystruggle(10)irony-theuseofwordstoexpresssomethingdifferentfromandoftenoppositetotheirliteralmeaning.反语词语表达与它们的字意思相异或相反的法Hiroshimathe“liveliest”cityinJapan“Maggiesbrainislikeanelephants”.Wangerosaid,laughing.untilwearemarchingbackwardstothegloriousageofthesixteenthcentury(11)sarcasm-acutting,oftenironicremarkintendedtowound.讽刺,挖苦意在伤害他的尖刻的,常带讽刺意味的话语Myfriendtheattorney-generalsaysthatJohnScopesknowswhatheisherefor,Darrowdrawled.Iknowwhatheisherefor,too.Heisherebecauseignoranceandbigotry(顽固)are,anditisamightystrongcombination.Thereissomedoubtaboutthat.aconceptofhowthingsgetwrittenthatthrowsverylittlelightonLincolnbutagreatdealonLifethePostseditorialfailstoexplainwhatiswrongwiththedefinition,wecanonlyinferfromsosimpleathingthatthewritertakestheplain,downright,man-in-the-streetattitudethatadoorisadoorandanydamnfoolknowsthat(12)ridicule(嘲笑)Wordsoractionsintendedtoevokecontemptuouslaughteratorfeelingstowardapersonorthing愚弄有意激起对某或某事的蔑视的笑或看不起的感情说的话或做的事收集于络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除Bryan,ageingandpaunchy,wasassistedResolutelyhestrodetothestand,carryingapalmfanlikeaswordtorepelhisenemies.Bryanmoppedhisbalddomeinsilence.(13)pun双关DARWINISRIGHTINSIDE.BenjaminFranklin:
“Ifwedonthangtogether,weshallmostassuredlyhangseparately.”(PeterstoneandShermanEdwards.1776)如果我们不能紧密地团结在起,那就必然分散地上绞刑架。
(14)zeugma轭式搭配法theuseofawordtomodifyorgoverntwoormorewordsusu.insuchamannerthatitappliestoeachindifferentsenseormakessensewithonlyone-TheissueofNewYorkTimeshailtheSecondastheauthorityandtheThirdasascandalShip-ownersfearthatsavingjobsinBritainsailingshipyardcomesbeforesavingitsmerchantfleet.(AndrewNeil.BritanniaRuestheWaves)船主们担英国把在奄奄息的造船中保证就业看得拯救商船队更重要。
(15)allusion典故Churchill,herevertedtothistheme,andIaskedwhetherforhim,thearchanti-communist,thiswasnotbowingdownintheHouseofRimmon.(16)Litotes(doublenegative)(语轻意重法,间接肯定法)Anegativebeforeanotherwordtoindicateastrongaffirmativeintheoppositedirection.Ihadnottheslightestdoubtwhereourdutyandourpolicylay.Iwasnotalittleupset.、结构修辞格(17)parallelism排Wewillneverparley;wewillnevernegotiatewithHitleroranyofhisgang.Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair.Weshallfighthimbyland.Weshallfighthimbysea.Weshallfighthimintheair.behindallthisglarebehindallthisstormIseetheRussiansoldiersstandingIseethemguarding.Iseethetenthousandvillages.IseethatsmallgroupthatisourpolicyandthatisourdeclarationWeshallbefortifiedandencouragedinourefforts.Weshallbestrengthenedandnotweakenedindeterminationandresources.Letuslearnthelessonsalreadytaughtbysuchcruelexperience.Letusredoubleourexertions(18)repetition重复Wehavebutoneaimandonesingle,irrevocablepurpose.Hehassolongthrivedandprospered.Wewillneverparley,wewillnevernegotiate.Fromthisnothingwillturnus-nothing.(19)anticlimax反潮“Seldomhasacitygainedsuchworldrenown,andIamproudandhappytowelcomeyoutoHiroshima,atownknownthroughouttheworldforits-oysters”.(20)antithesis对AnymanorstatewhofightsonagainstNazidomwillhaveouraid.AnymanorstatewhomarcheswithHitlerisourfoeTheChristianbelievesthatmancamefromabove.Theevolutionistbelievesthathemusthavecomefrombelow收集于络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除收集于络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除.tookunholyverbalshotsattheHolyLand.aworldwhichwilllamentthemadayandforgetthemforever(21)rhetoricalquestion修辞疑问句WasInotatthesceneofthecrime?
WhoeverknewaJohnsonwithaquicktongue?
Whocanevenimaginemelookingastrangewhitemanintheeye?
Inwhatconceivablewaydoesourcarconcernyou?
(22)periodicsentence圆周句-Acomplexsentence,esp.oneconsistingofseveralclauses,constructedaspartofaformalspeechororationandthemostimportantpartisputattheendofthesentence.Thepast,withitscrimes,itsfollies,anditstragedies,flashesaway.三、韵修辞格(23)头韵法(alliteration)在句中有两个以上连结在起的词或词组,其开头的节有同样的字母或声,以增强语的节奏感。
asthefastesttrainintheworldslippedtoastop.Ifeltsick,andeversincethentheyhavebeentestingandtreatingme.IseeadvancinguponallthisinhideousonslaughttheNaziwarmachine,withitsclanking,heel-clicking,dandifiedPrussianofficers,itcraftyexpertagentsfreshfromthecowingandtyingdownofadozencountries.justasthecauseofanyRussianfightingforhishearthandhomeisthecauseoffreemenandfreepeoplesineveryquarteroftheglobe.Iseealsothedull,drilled,docile,brutishmassesoftheHunsoldieryploddingonlikeaswarmofcrawlinglocusts.(simile)(24)准押韵(Assonance),元韵,母韵,半谐,它是重读节中元的重复。
betweenthemuch-toutedSecondInternational(1934)andthemuch-cloutedThirdInternational(1961)(25)辅韵(Consonance),指的是词尾复印或句尾重读节的重复。
.whenbigotslightedfaggotstoburn(26)拟声法(onomatopoeia)它是指词语模拟客观事物的声,以增强讲话或字的实际感。
Asyouapproachit,atinklingandbangingandclashingbeginstoimpingeonyourear.itscreaksblendingwiththesqueakingandrumblingofthegrinding-wheelsandtheoccasionalgruntsandsighsofthecamels.Thehousedetectivecluckedhistonguereprovingly.Lesson1TheMiddleEasternBazaar1.astheburnishedcoppercatchesthelightofinnumberablelampsandbraziers.2.untilyouroundacornerandseeafairylandofdancingflashes(metaphorandpersonification)3.Asyouapproachit,atinklingandbangingandclashing
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