高级英语视听说上册听力原文.docx
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高级英语视听说上册听力原文.docx
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高级英语视听说上册听力原文
高级英语视听说上册听力原文
United2
Aplantobuildtheworld'sfirstairportforlaunchingcommercialspacecraftinNewMexicoisthelatestdevelopmentinthenewspacerace,araceamongprivatecompaniesandbillionaireentrepreneurstocarrypayingpassengersintospaceandtokick-startanewindustry,astrotourism.
Themanwhoisleadingtheracemaynotbefamiliartoyou,buttoastronauts,pilots,andaeronauticalengineers–basicallytoanyonewhoknowsanythingaboutaircraftdesign–BurtRutanisalegend,anaeronauticalengineerwhoselatestaircraftistheworld'sfirstprivatespaceship.Ashetold60MinutescorrespondentEdBradleywhenhefirstmethimalittleoverayearago,ifhisideaflies,somedayspacetravelmaybecheapenoughandsafeenoughforordinarypeopletogowhereonlyastronautshavegonebefore
TheWhiteKnightisaratherunusuallookingaircraft,builtjustforthepurposeofcarryingarocketplanecalledSpaceShipOne,thefirstspacecraftbuiltbyprivateenterprise.
WhiteKnightandSpaceShipOnearethelatestcreationsofBurtRutan.They'repartofhisdreamtodevelopacommercialtravelbusinessinspace.
"Therewillbeanewindustry.Andwearejustnowinabeginning.Iwillpredictthatin12or15years,therewillbetensofthousands,maybeevenhundredsofthousandsofpeoplethatfly,andseethatblacksky,"saysRutan.
OnJune21,2004,WhiteKnighttookofffromanairstripinMojave,Calif.,carryingRutan'sspaceship.Ittook63minutestoreachthelaunchaltitudeof47,000feet.Oncethere,theWhiteKnightcrewpreparedtoreleasethespaceship.
ThefierceaccelerationslammedMikeMelvill,thepilot,backinhisseat.HeputSpaceShipOneintoanearverticaltrajectory,until,asplanned,thefuelranout.
Stillclimbinglikeaspentbullet,Melvillhopedtogainasmuchaltitudeaspossibletoreachspacebeforetheshipbeganfallingbacktoearth.
Bythetimethespaceshipreachedtheendofitsclimb,itwas22milesoffcourse.Butithad,justbarely,reachedanaltitudeofjustover62miles—theinternationallyrecognizedboundaryofspace.
ItwasthenewsRutanhadbeenwaitingfor.FallingbacktoEarthfromanaltitudeof62miles,SpaceShipOne'stiltingwing,arevolutionaryinnovationcalledthefeather,causedtherocketplanetopositionitselfforarelativelybenignre-entryandturnedthespaceshipintoaglider.
SpaceShipOneglidedtoaflawlesslandingbeforeacrowdofthousands.
"AfterthatJuneflight,IfeltlikeIwasfloatingaroundandjustonceinawhiletouchingtheground,"remembersRutan."Wehadanoperablespaceplane."
Rutan's"operablespaceplane"wasbuiltbyacompanywithonly130employeesatacostofjust$25million.Hebelieveshissuccesshasendedthegovernment'smonopolyonspacetravel,andopenedituptotheordinarycitizen.
"Iconcludedthatforaffordabletraveltohappen,thelittleguyhadtodoitbecausehehadtheincentiveforabusiness,"saysRutan.
DoesRutanviewthisasabusinessventureoratechnologicalchallenge?
"It'satechnologicalchallengefirst.Andit'sadreamIhadwhenIwas12,"hesays.
Rutanstartedbuildingmodelairplaneswhenhewassevenyearsold,inDyenuba,
Calif.,wherehegrewup.
"Iwasfascinatedbyputtingbalsawoodtogetherandseehowitwouldfly,"heremembers."AndwhenIstartedhavingthecapabilitytodocontestsandactuallywinatrophybymakingabettermodel,thenIwashooked."
He'sbeenhookedeversince.Hedesignedhisfirstairplanein1968andflewitfouryearslater.Sincethenhisairplaneshavebecomeknownfortheirstunninglooks,innovativedesignandtechnologicalsophistication.
Rutanbegandesigningaspaceshipnearlyadecadeago,aftersettingupsetuphisownaeronauticalresearchanddesignfirm.Bytheyear2000,hehadturnedhisdesignsintomodelsandwastestingthemoutsidehisoffice.
WhenIgottothepointthatIknewthatIcouldmakeasafespaceshipthatwouldflyamannedspacemission--whenIsay,'I,'notthegovernment,ourlittleteam--ItoldPaulAllen,'Ithinkwecandothis.'Andheimmediatelysaid,'Gowithit.'"
PaulAllenco-foundedMicrosoftandisoneoftherichestmenintheworld.Hisdecisiontopump$25millionintoRutan'scompany,ScaledComposites,wasthevoteofconfidencethathisengineersneededtoproceed.
"Thatwasaheckofachallengetoputinfrontofsomepeoplelikeus,wherewe'retold,'Well,youcan'tdothat.Youwannasee?
Wecandothis,"saysPeteSebold.
WorkonWhiteKnightandSpaceShipOnestartedfouryearsagoinsecret.Bothaircraftwerecustommadefromscratchbyateamof12engineersusinglayersoftoughcarbonfabricgluedtogetherwithepoxy.Designedtobelight-weight,SpaceShipOnecanwithstandthestressofre-entrybecauseoftheradicalwayitcomesbackintotheatmosphere,likeabadmintonshuttlecockorabirdie.
Heshowed60Minuteshowitworks.
"Featheringthewingiskindofadramaticthing,inthatitchangesthewholeconfigurationoftheairplane,"heexplains."Andthisisdoneinspace,okay?
It'sdoneafteryouflyintospace."
"Wehavedonesixreentries.Threeofthemfromspaceandthreeofthemfrom
BeforeKatrina,"Therewouldbenoiseandactivityandfamiliesandpeople,andchildren,and,youknow,Ihaven'tseenachildinamonthhere,"saysGregMeffert,acityofficialwho,withhiscolleagueMikeCentineo,istryingtofigureouthowmuchofthecitywillhavetobedemolished.
Meffert,whoisinchargeofcityplanning,saysitis"verypossible"upto50,000houseswillhavetobebulldozed.Rightnow,mostofthehomesinthecityareuninhabitable.
Meffertfacesadifficulttask.Everytimehegoestoahousesitehere,hesays,"It'sonemoreknifeinmethatsays,'Shedidanotherone.Shedidanotherone,'"explainsMeffert,"she"meaningHurricaneKatrina.
Whenyouwalkthroughtheseneighborhoodsandyouseethehouses,yougetasenseofthepainoftheindividualfamilies.Butyoudon'tgetasenseofwhathashappenedtothecityofNewOrleansitself.
Itisestimatedthattherewere200,000homesinNewOrleans,and120,000ofthemweredamagedbytheflood.
ThepartofthecityknownasthelowerNinthWardreceivedsomeoftheheaviestflooding.Thehousesaresplinteredblockafterblockafterblock,almostasifthecityhadbeencarpet-bombedinwar.
Meffertsaysthatbeforethestorm,NewOrleanshadapopulationof470,000-480,000people.Realistically,hethinksthathalfofthoseresidentswon'tbecomingback.
Thepossessionsofthousandsoffamilies,thestuffcollectedoverlifetimesissuddenlygarbage,clawedupintomountainsincityparks.Withsomuchgonealready,shouldNewOrleanspickuprightwhereitwas?
"WeshouldbethinkingaboutagradualpulloutofNewOrleans,andstartingtorebuildpeople'shomes,businessesandindustryinplacesthatcanlastmorethan80years,"saysTimKusky,aprofessorofearthsciencesatSt.LouisUniversity.
KuskytalksaboutawithdrawalofthecityandexplainsthatcoastalerosionwasthrownintofastforwardbyKatrina.Hesaysby2095,thecoastlinewillpassthecityandNewOrleanswillbewhathecallsa"fishbowl."
"BecauseNewOrleansisgoingtobe15to18feetbelowsealevel,sittingoffthecoastofNorthAmericasurroundedbya50-to100-foot-tallleveesystemtoprotectthecity,"explainsKusky.
HesaysthecitywillbecompletelysurroundedbytheGulfofMexicojust90yearsfromnow.
SincethisstoryairedonNov.20,therehasbeenconsiderablediscussionaboutwhetherNewOrleansreallyissinking,includingonCBSNews'blog,PublicEye.
"That'stheprojection,becausewearelosinglandontheMississippiDeltaatarateof25to30squaremilesperyear.That'stwoacresperhourthataresinkingbelowsealevel,"saysKusky.
Thatprocesscouldonlybeslowed,intheory,bymassiverestorationofwetlands.Inthemeantime,whileKusky'sadviceistoheadforthehills,someNewOrleansresidentsarehopingtoheadhome.
VeraFultonhaslivedmostofher81yearsonLizardiStreetandreturnedtoherhomerecentlyforthefirsttimesincebeingevacuated.
"Whentheysay'storm,'Ileave.Ican'tswimandIcan'tdrinkit.SowhatIdo,Ileave,"saysVera,whohaslostherhometotwohurricanes.
Veraisintentoncomingback."Idon'thavenootherhome,whereI'mgoing?
"
ThreegenerationsofFultons,Vera'ssonIrvinJr.,hiswifeGayandtheirsonIrvin,3rd,livearoundLizardiStreet.
Irvinsayshishouseis"justflat"andhedidn'thaveinsurance.
That'sthedilemma.Theonlythingtheyhaveleftislandpronetodisaster.Theywanttorebuild,andthecityplanstoletthem.
AtVera'shouse,MikeCentenio,thecity'stopbuildingofficial,told60Minuteshomescangoupaslongastheymeetwhatiscalledthe"100-yearfloodlevel."
Thefederalgovernmenthadsetaflood-level,butdidn'tfigureonaleveefailurethatwouldfloodpartsofthecity.
Theofficiallevelisseveralfeetofftheground.Ifpeoplemeettherequirement,theycanrebuildtheirhomes,despitethefactthatwesaw,forexample,arefrigeratorliftedtothetopofacarportbythefloodwaters.
Askedwhetherallowingpeopletorebuildmakessense,Centeniosaysitis"goingtotakesomestudying."
Rightnow,hesaysthefloodlevelrequirementisthelaw.
Twelveweeksafterthestormhit,noonehasananswertowherepeopleshouldgo.Anestimated80,000homeshadnoinsurance,andfornow,thebiggestgrantafamilycangetfromthefederalgovernmentis$26,200.
Thosewithoutfloodinsurancefaceanuncertainroadahead,tryingtopiecetheirlivesandhomesbacktogether.
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