高考语法系统归纳之代词.docx
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高考语法系统归纳之代词.docx
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高考语法系统归纳之代词
高考语法系统归纳之——
代词
I.反身代词的用法:
1.基本用法:
做宾语、表语、同位语
e.g.TomtaughthimselfEnglish.
Theboyisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.
Sheisnotquiteherselftoday.
Imyselfcanrepairthebike.
2.与介词连用:
byoneselfforoneselfofoneself
e.g.Thecomputercanshutoffofitself.(自动地)
You’llhavetoseeifhehasgototheschoolforyourself.(亲自)
Ican’tfinishtheworkbymyself.(单独地、独自地)
3.与动词连用:
enjoyoneself玩得开心seatoneself坐dressoneselfin打扮
helponeselfto擅自取用cometooneself恢复知觉,苏醒过来
makeoneselfathome不要客气devoteoneselftosth.专心于,献身于
II.替代词的用法:
代词it与替代词one,ones,theone,theones,that,those的用法区别。
1.基本用法:
替代名词
2.功能:
避免重复
3.用法:
(1)代词it指代前面提到过的事物、未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况
e.g.--I’vebrokentheplate.–Itdoesn’tmatter.
(2)one代替前面出现的泛指的单数可数名词,相当于“a\an+单数名词”。
(其复数形式为ones)
e.g.Mr.Zhanggavemeaveryvaluablepresent,onethatIhadneverseen.
Thisstoryisaninterestingone,butIdon’tlikeit.
(3)Theone指代特指的单数可数名词,有时可用that替代(尤其是在有后置定语的情况下),其后一般跟定语从句.(其复数形式为theones)
e.g.Thedictionaryonthedeskismuchbetterthanthat/theoneontheshelf.
(4)that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词,代替可数名词单数时,相当于theone.that后常跟定语(of)
e.g.ThepopulationinChinaismuchlargerthanthatinJapan.
(5)Those指代可数名词复数,相当于theones.
e.g.Thebooksonthedeskaremuchbetterthanthose/theonesunderthedesk.
.不定代词的用法:
1.noone,none,nothing的用法区别:
(1)noone(=nobody),只能指人,表泛指,不能与of连用,常回答who引导的疑问句。
e.g.Nooneknowsthefact.
(2)none可指代人或物,表特指,可以与of连用,常回答howmany,howmuch引导的疑问句。
e.g.---Howmuchmoneydoyouhave?
---None.
Noneofthemknowsthefact.
(3)nothing只能指物,表泛指,译为“什么东西也没有”,常回答what引导的疑问句。
e.g.---Whatareyoudoing?
---Nothing.
Nothinginthemirror.
2.each与every的用法区别:
each强调“个体”,可充当代词,或形容词作定语,指“两个或两个以上中的每一个”;every强调“全体”,只能作定语,指“三个或三个以上中的每一个”。
Each作同位语时不影响谓语动词单复数,不可用noteach表部分否定。
Eachboyandeachgirlhasanapple.
Eachoftheticketscosts10dollars.
Theticketscost10dollarseach.
Theticketseachcost10dollars.
3.another,other,theother的用法一览表:
不定代词
意义
用法说明
another
任何一个,另一个
指三者或三者以上中的任何一个,用作代词或形容词。
如:
Idon’tlikethiscoat.Showmeanother,please.
other
另外的,其他的
只作定语,常与复数名词或不可数名词连用,但如果前面有the,this,that,some,any,each,every,no,one及my,your,his等时,则可与单数名词连用。
如:
anyotherplant,everyotherday/lineetc.
theother
两者中的另一个
常与one连用,构成:
one…theother…一个,另一个。
作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余全部的”
(1)other:
另外的,别的,其它的
others:
其它的人或物,some…others…
theother:
两者中另一个one…theother…
theothers:
指剩余的全部,所有的
SomearewatchingTV,andothersaretalking.
Hehasthreebrothers.Oneisadoctorandtheothersareworkers.
Hehastwobooks.OneisEnglish,theotherisSpaish.
(2)another:
三者或三者以上的另外一个
Anothertwominutes
.it的用法:
(1)指代前面所提到过的事物,天气,时间,距离,自然现象,说话者不清楚说话对象的性别或说话双方都明白的情况。
It’salovelybaby.Isn’tit?
Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgarden,butIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuyit.
Mybookismissing.Ican’tfinditanywhere.
It’sninenineo’clock.
It’ssixmilestothenearesthospital.
(2)It作形式主语或形式宾语的情况:
Hefounditnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.
Itisnousepersuadinghim.Hewillnotchangehismind.
(3)在enjoy,like,love,dislike,hate,appreciate等,后不能直接加宾语的动词后,要先加it.
Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthsfull.
Iwillappreciateitifyoucanhelpme.
Idon’tminditifyouarelate.
代词专项练习
2011高考题
1.(2011全国卷II,11)Igotthisbicyclefor;myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.
A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing
2.(2011北京卷,34)Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincrease.
A.themB.thoseC.itD.that
3.(2011天津卷,1)Wefeelourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.
A.itB.thisC.thatD.one
4.(2011上海春招,26)Theyproducedtworeports,______ofwhichcontainedanyusefulsuggestions.
A.eitherB.allC.noneD.neither
5.(2011山东卷,24)Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind________difficulttotellonefromtheother.
A.itB.themC.herD.that
6.(2011福建卷,21)Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays.Youcanchoose____basedonyourowninterests.
A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it
7.(2011安徽卷,22)Surprisingly,Susan’sbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmade_____almostanovercoatforher.
A.themB.herC.itselfD.herself
8.(2011浙江卷,7)Sincepeoplearefondofhumor,itisaswelcomeinconversationas________else.
A.anythingB.somethingC.anywhereD.somewhere
9.(2011四川卷,3)Thereisinhiswords.Weshouldhaveatry.
A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything
10.(2011重庆卷,27)——Sillyme!
Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.
——Whatdoyouthinkofoverthere?
A.theoneB.thisC.itD.that
11.(2011陕西卷,16)——Wouldyougetmeabarofchocolatefromthekitchen,dear?
——one?
A.OtherB.EveryC.AnotherD.More
12.(2011湖南卷,24)Iknewthat_____wouldeverdiscouragehim;hewouldnevergiveupwantingtobeadirector.
A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing
13.(2011辽宁卷,27)——Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?
——,thankyou.I'vejusthadsomewater.
A.EitherB.BothC.AnyD.Neither
14.(2011江西卷25)Whydon’tyoubring_____tohisattentionthatyou’retooilltoworkon?
A.thatB.itC.hisD.him
15.(2011上海26)Tostayawake,hefinishedacupofcoffeeandordered______.
A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.another
2010高考题
1.(全国I卷23).I’llspendhalfofmyholidaypracticingEnglishand___halflearningdrawing.
A.anotherB.theotherC.other’sD.other
2.(全国II卷12.)Neithersideispreparedtotalkto_____unlesswecansmooththingoverbetweenthem。
A.othersB.theotherC.anotherD.oneother
3.(全国II14).Thedoctorthought____wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.
A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it
4.(安徽卷21).Youaretheteamstar!
Workingwith_________isreallyyourcupoftea.
A.bothB.eitherC.othersD.theother
5.(福建卷22).WhenyouintroducemetoMr.Johnsoncouldyoupleasesayforme?
A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing
6.(江西卷27).Swimmingismyfavoritesport.Thereislikeswimmingasameansofkeepingfit.
A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything
7.(陕西卷12).ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi’anishigherthan____inanyotherareaofthecity.
A.thatB.thisC.itD.one
8.(四川卷7).OnmydeskisaphotothatmyfathertookofwhenIwasababy.
A.himB.hisC.meD.mine
9.(天津卷6)._______inmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.
A.AnythingB.NothingC.EverythingD.Something
10.(重庆卷23)Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfoundofthemagain.
A.neitherB.eitherC.eachD.all
11.(上海卷27).Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon'tlearntodependon
A.themselvesB.themC.
usD.ourselves
12.(辽宁卷33).Thefactthatshewasforeignmade_____difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.
A.soB.muchC.thatD.it
13.(山东卷32).Helpingothersisahabit,_______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.
A.itB.thatC.whatD.one
14.(浙江卷14).__that'simportantisthatyouaredoingyourbestandmovingintherightdirection.
A.OneB.AllC.EverythingD.Anything
2009年高考题
1.(09山东23)IfeltsobadalldayyesterdaythatIdecidedthismorningIcouldn’tface________daylikethat.
A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others
2.(09宁夏、海南33)Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwasofpublichealth
A.whatB.thisC.thatD.which
3.(09江苏35)Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwith__oftheirparents.
A.thoseB.oneC.bothD.that
4.(09陕西10)Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn’tanswerofthem.
A.otherB.anyC.noneD.some
5.(09四川3)Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront.butIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuy.
A.oneB.itC.thisD.that
6.(09北京35)Beingaparentisnotalwayseasy,andbeingtheparentofachildwithspecialneedsoftencarrieswith___extrastress.
A.itB.themC.oneD.him
2008年高考题
1.(08全国Ⅰ30)—Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?
—ActuallyIdidn’tlike.
A.bothofthemB.eitherofthemC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem
2.(08全国Ⅰ33)TheEnglishspokenintheUnitedStatesisonlyslightlydifferentfromspokenin
England.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.theone
3.(08北京25)ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhichoftheparentsspokethelanguage.
A.noneB.neitherC.bothD.each
4.(08天津5)ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseum,youcanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,or__.
A.neitherB.someC.allD.both
5.(08安徽21)Thetwogirlsaregettingonverywellandsharewitheachother.
A.littleB.muchC.someD.none
6.(08江西23)Isn’titamazinghowthehumanbodyhealsafteraninjury?
A.himselfB.himC.itselfD.it
7.(08湖南21)Ourneighborsgaveababybirdyesterdaythathurtwhenitfellfromitsnest.
A.us;itB.us;itselfC.ourselves;itselfD.ourselves;it
8.(08四川11)Themanagerbelievespriceswillnotrisebymorethanfourpercent.
A.anyotherB.theotherC.anotherD.other
9.(08重庆24)—Couldweseeeachotherat3o’clockthisafternoon?
—Sorry,let’smakeittime.
A.other’sB.theotherC.anotherD.other
10.(08浙江4)wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.
A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.Who
11.(08浙江9)—I’dlikesomemorecheese.
—Sorry,there’sleft.
A.someB.noneC.alittleD.few
12.(08福建21)—Howdoyoufindyournewclassmates?
—Mostofthemarekind,butissogoodtomeasBruce.
A.noneB.nooneC.everyoneD.someone
13.(08辽宁26)—CouldyoutellmehowtogettoVictoriaStreet?
—VictoriaStreet?
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