河南省学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题.docx
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河南省学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题.docx
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河南省学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题
2021年高二年级第一次月考
英语试题
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共70分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
DoyoulookforsomethingtoreadwhileinLondon?
Ifso,you’relucky.TheBritishcapitalhappenstohaveanincrediblecollectionofbookshops.
Foyles
Ifyouwill,digthepicture:
fourmilesofshelvesholdingupto200,000books.Let’shopeyouhavesometimetoreadbookswhentravellinginFoyles.Thisbookshopisimpossibletoleaveempty-handed.ItwasoncelistedintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsasthebiggestbookshopontheplanet.
Location:
107CharingCrossRd
Hatchards
Intheyear1797,ThomasPainepublishedAgrarianJustice.It’salsotheyearthisLondonbookshop,theoldestinthecitytoday,firstturnedonitslights.Itstocksanexcellentselectionoffiction,nonfiction,historyandothersorts.
Location:
187PiccadillySt
Libreria
ThisbookshopisoneofthemostpleasingofitskindinLondon.Theyellowbookshelvesaddatouchofcolorandmysteryand,well,youkindofjustwanttogrababookandaseatandstayawhile.Mobilephoneusageisstronglybannedhere.
Location:
65HanburySt
LondonReviewBookshop
Thiswonderfulbookshopthatopenedin2003comesfromthesmartpeopleoftheLondonReviewofBooks.Asyou’dexpect,thereisanexcellentselectionofhistory,philosophy,politics,newfictionandmanyothersortshere.Plus,there’sanicecafeinwhichyoucanhavesomethingtodrinkandstartreading.
Location:
16BuryPI
1.WherecanyoufindtheoldestbookshopinLondon?
A.16BuryPI.B.187PiccadillySt.
C.107CharingCrossRd.D.65HanburySt.
2.WhatisspecialaboutLibreria?
A.Ithasvariousbooks.B.ItislocatedinLondon.
C.Ithasyellowbookshelves.D.Itisthebiggestone.
3.Whichbookshopcanofferpeoplecoffee?
A.Foyles.B.Hatchards.
C.Libreria.D.LondonReviewBookshop.
B
ThesunwasrisingaswedroveacrosstheMinnesotastatelinetoNewYorkformynewPh.D.program.Themovewasgoodformeprofessionally,butIworriedaboutmyhusbandanddaughters.IalsofearedthatIwouldn’tbeabletogivemykidsthechildhoodtheydeserved.
Anne,ourfirstdaughter,cameintotheworldwhenIwasajuniormajoringinbiologyincollege.Itwaschallengingtobalanceclasses,workschedules,andbeingamom.ButIgotthroughit,findingmomentsofjoyalongtheway.OnthenightswhenIwashome,I’dreadmyclassnotesoutloudwithmydaughter.She’drespondbyaskingquestions,suchas“Mom,whatarebacteria?
”Ithelpedusbothlearn.
AfterIgraduated,IknewthatIwouldneedaPh.D.tolandthekindofjobIwanted.IarrivedinNewYorkfeelingmorethantheusualnew-grad-studentanxiety.IalsosufferedfromamorepersonalfearthatIwasbeingselfish—thatmydecisiontoinvigoratemycareerwasgoingtohavelong-termnegativeimpactsonmykids.
Overthepastyear,though,I’vestartedtoletgoofsomeofthisworry.I’verealizedthatwehavenotonlyadaptedtoournewsituation,butthingsaregettingbetter.Myhusbandlandedajobthatheishappywith.Annedreamsofbecomingamarinebiologist.Recently,whiledrivingpastthecancerinstituteIworkat,Annesaid,“Thinkingaboutpeoplehavingcancerissosad,butIfeelbetterknowingthatyouareresearchingittohelp.”
Navigatingacademiaasayoungmotherishard,butit’salsorewarding.Mykidsarelearningtolookattheworldthroughthelensofscience,andwatchingtheirmomsucceedinspiresthem.Ilookforwardtoseeingthemfollowmyfootsteps,whateverpaththeychoose.
4.HowdidthewriterfeelaboutthemoveforherPh.D.program?
A.Itwasfruitfulbutexhausting.B.Itwasthelastthingshewoulddo.
C.Itwashopefulbutchallenging.D.Itwaspromisingforthewholefamily.
5.Whichcanbestreplacetheword“invigorate”inParagraph3?
A.boost.B.change.C.create.D.choose.
6.WhatcouldbeinferredfromAnne’swordsinParagraph4?
A.Peopleareafraidofhavingcancer.B.CancerishealthenemyNo.1.
C.Hermothertakesherjobseriously.D.Anneisproudofhermother.
7.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?
A.OnwardsandUpwardsB.DoubleGainsofMum’sPursuit
C.LikeMotherLikeDaughterD.GenerationGapNarrowedbyLove
C
Ifyoulivenearapark,you’veprobablyobservedthisuniquesquirrelbehavior.Aswinterapproaches,thesecreaturesbeginwhatlookslikepreparationforawidescavenger(觅食)hunt.Ingreatnumbers,thesesquirrelsbegintoburynuts!
Thiskindofbehaviorraisesalotofquestionsforsquirrelenthusiasts—themostpressingbeinghowthesquirrelsfindtheirnutsagain.Easterngraysquirrels,inparticular,burytheirnutsfarandwide.Scientiststhemselvesaren’tevenquitesureofeverythingthatgoesintothishidingbehavior,buttheyhavesomeideas.
Forone,scientistshaveobservedgraysquirrelsfrequentlyburyingandreburyingtheirnuts.Thescientistsassumedthatthisbehaviorwastohelpalwayskeepafreshmemoryofthenuts!
locations.However,it’snotonlymemorythatthesquirrelsneedtocombat(战斗)inordertofindtheirnuts!
Thegraysquirrelcommunityisrampant(猖獗的)withnutstealing.Thesquirrelscanloseupto25%oftheirhiddennutstosuchthieves!
Luckily,thesquirrelshavedevelopedsomeclevermethodstoprotecttheirnuts.Scientistshaveobservedthesquirrelscreatingfalsecaches(储藏)inordertotrickthieves.Ifthesquirrelsareworriedaboutthieves,theywillalsostarttohidetheirnutsindifficult-to-reachplaces(likeunderbushesorinmuddyareas).
Whileitmightbefrustratingforsquirrelstolosetheircarefullyhiddennuts,itcanbebeneficialforotherorganisms.Inparticular,itcanhelptheforestitself!
AstudydoneattheUniversityofRichmondreportsthatsquirrelsfailtorecoverupto74%ofthenutstheybury.Thismisplacingofsomanyacorns(theseedsofoaktrees),thestudysays,islikelyresponsibleforoakforestregeneration.Whensquirrelsmisplacetheseburiedacorns,theyallowfortheseseedstoeventuallygrowintofulloaktrees!
Thesquirrels’habitofwidespreadcachingisalsoimportanttothegrowthoftheforest,asitallowsthegenetic(基因的)informationtospreadfar.
Whatseemedlikeaharmlessscavengerhuntisactuallypartofanendlesscomplexecosysteminourforests!
8.Inwhataspectdosquirrelspuzzlepeoplemost?
A.Thewaytheysearchforfood.B.Theplacestheyhideinwinter.
C.Thelocationoftheirhiddenfood.D.Thewaytheyrecoverhiddennuts
9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegraysquirrels?
A.Theyoftenfightwitheachotherforfood.
B.Theytendtofeelmoresecureinbushyplaces.
C.Theyarecautiousaboutstoringfoodforwinter.
D.Theysurvivelargelythankstotheirteamspirit.
10.What’sthemessageconveyedinthethirdparagraph?
A.Squirrelscanstarveduetolackoffood.
B.Itcanbebeneficialthatsquirrelslosetheirnuts.
C.It’seasytogetsquirrels’geneticinformation.
D.Squirrelsalwaysmisplacetheirnutsdeliberately.
11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Whydosquirrelsstealnuts?
B.Howdosquirrelssurvivethewinter?
C.Thesecretsbehindsquirrels’buryingnuts.
D.Theecosystemintheforest.
D
Whichkindofdiamondisbetterfortheenvironmentandtheworldwelivein:
adiamondfromatraditionalmineoronemadeinalaboratory?
Itseemsthateveryonewouldthinkthatman-madediamondswouldbebetter.Butwaitaminute.Don’tdrawyourconclusionsoquickly.
Somerecentreportssuggesttheanswermaynotbesoclear.Attheveryleast,thesereportsprovideevidenceoftensionsbetweentwodifferentsectorsofthediamondindustry.Lab-growndiamondcompaniessaytheyaremoremoralandcauselessharmtotheEarth’senvironmentastheydon’thavetodigdeepintotheearthfordiamonds.
Thetraditionaldiamondsectornotesthatitsbusinesseshelpthecommunitieswheretheyoperatemines.Itsaystheyprovidejobs,helpbuildroadsandotherinfrastructureandmakeinvestmentsinconservation.Somecompanies,suchasDeBeers,workonbothsides.DeBeerssellsnaturalandman-madediamonds.
IntheUnitedStates,theFederalTradeCommission(FTC)investigatesreportsofdeceptive,ormisleading,advertising.InApril,thecommissionsentwarningletterstoeightlab-growndiamondcompanies.OneoftheFTC’sconcernswastheuseoftheword"eco-friendly",andsimilarterms,todescribediamondsmadeinalaboratory.Thelab-grownprocessrequiresveryhightemperaturesandusesalotofenergy.
Trucostisacompanythatestimatesthecostsofusingnaturalresources.AskedbytheDiamondProducersAssociationtostudytheissue,Trucostfoundthecarbonintensityofnaturaldiamondswaslowerthanlab-growndiamonds.TheTrucostreportdidnotethatdiamondminersshouldreducetheireffectontheenvironmentbyusingmorewindpowerandsunlight.
TheReutersnewsagencyreportedthattheInternationalGrownDiamondAssociationdidnotimmediatelyrespondtorequestsforcommentsaboutthestory.
12.What’stheopinionoftraditionaldiamondcompaniesabouttheirbusiness?
A.Theyrefuselab-growndiamonds.
B.Theybringbenefitstolocalpeople.
C.TheycauselessharmtotheEarth’senvironment.
D.Theyaremoremoralthanlab-growndiamondcompanies.
13.Whywerelab-growndiamondcompanieswarnedbyFTC?
A.Theysoldfalsediamonds.B.Theyteasedcustomers.
C.Theytookunfaircompetition.D.Theymadefalseadvertisements.
14.WhatdidTrucostadvisediamondminerstodo?
A.Userenewableenergy.B.Giveupminingdiamonds.
C.Changeminingequipment.D.Developlab-growndiamonds.
15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.IsNaturalDiamondMiningComingtoanEnd?
B.DoDiamondMinersReallyProtecttheEnvironment?
C.WhichKindofDiamondIsBetterfortheEnvironment?
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