03浙江卷 阅读C篇2730题阅读理解说明文备战高考英语解析版.docx
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03浙江卷 阅读C篇2730题阅读理解说明文备战高考英语解析版.docx
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03浙江卷阅读C篇2730题阅读理解说明文备战高考英语解析版
题号押题3
浙江卷C篇第27—30题:
阅读理解说明文
〖真题回顾〗
Passage12020.1浙江卷C篇第27-30题
Today’sworldisnotaneasyadjustmentforyoungadults.Akeyskillsetforsuccessispersistence(毅力),acharacteristicthatresearcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers.ResearchersfromBrighamYoungUniversitydiscoveredthatfathersareinauniquepositiontohelptheiradolescentchildrenlearnpersistence.
BYUprofessorsLauraPadilla-WalkerandRandalDayarrivedatthesefindingsafterfollowing325Americanfamiliesoverseveralyears.Andovertime,thepersistencegainedthroughfathersledtohigherachievementinschool.
“Therearerelativelyfewstudiesthatstresstheuniqueroleoffathers,”Padilla-Walkersaid.“Thisresearchalsohelpstoprovethatcharacteristicssuchaspersistence—whichcanbetaught—arekeytoachild’slifesuccess.”
Researchersdeterminedthatdadsneedtopracticean“authoritative”parentingstyle.Authoritativeparentingisnotauthoritarian:
rigid,demandingorcontrolling.Rather,anauthoritativeparentingstyleincludessomeofthefollowingcharacteristics:
childrenfeelwarmthandlovefromtheirfather;responsibilityandthereasonsbehindrulesarestressed;childrenaregivenanappropriatelevelofautonomy(自主权).
Inthestudy,about52percentofthedadsexhibitedabove-averagelevelsofauthoritativeparenting.Akeyfindingisthatovertime,childrenraisedbyanauthoritativefatherweresignificantlymorelikelytodeveloppersistence,whichleadstobetteroutcomesinschool.
Thisparticularstudyexamined11to14-year-oldslivingintwo-parenthomes.Yettheresearcherssuggestthatsingleparentsstillmayplayaroleinteachingthebenefitsofpersistence,whichisanavenueoffutureresearch.
27.WhatisspecialabouttheBYUprofessors’study?
A.Itcenteredonfathers’roleinparenting.
B.Itwasbasedonanumberoflargefamilies.
C.Itanalyzeddifferentkindsofparentingstyles.
D.Itaimedtoimprovekids’achievementinschool.
28.Whatwouldanauthoritativefatherdowhenraisinghischildren?
A.Ignoretheirdemands.B.Makedecisionsforthem.
C.Controltheirbehaviors.D.Explaintherulestothem.
29.Whichgroupcanbeafocusoffuturestudiesaccordingtotheresearchers?
A.Singleparents.B.Childrenagedfrom11to14.
C.Authoritarianfathers.D.Mothersintwo-parenthomes.
30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ThreeCharacteristicsofAuthoritativeFathers
B.KeySkillsforYoungAdultstoSucceedinFuture
C.ChildrenTendtoLearnDeterminationfromFather
D.FamilyRelationshipInfluencesSchoolPerformance
答案27.A28.D29.A30.C
解析
这是一篇说明文,主题是探索与发现。
研究人员发现,父亲在帮助青春期的孩子学习毅力方面具有独特的地位。
研究人员认为,父亲们需要采用一种“权威”的养育方式,且一项重要的发现是,随着时间的推移,由权威父亲抚养长大的孩子更有可能培养出坚持不懈的精神,从而在学校取得更好的成绩。
【27题详解】
推理判断题答案A根据第一段最后一句ResearchersfromBrighamYoungUniversitydiscoveredthatfathersareinauniquepositiontohelptheiradolescentchildrenlearnpersistence.可知,该大学研究的是父亲在家庭中对孩子毅力品格的养成起着重要作用。
故选A项。
【28题详解】
推理判断题答案D根据第四段可知,“权威式的”父亲并不专断,而是要让孩子感受到温暖和责任,要强调规则背后的缘由,要给予孩子适当的自主权。
故推断出,一个“权威式的”父亲会做的事情是给孩子解释规则。
【29题详解】
事实细节题答案A根据最后一段最后一句…theresearcherssuggestthatsingleparents…,whichisanavenueoffutureresearch.可知,未来研究的方向是单亲父母。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题答案C文章主要讲述了父亲的行为会影响孩子毅力的养成。
故C项ChildrenTendtolearnDeterminationfromFather是文章的最佳标题。
Passage22020.7浙江卷C篇第28-30题
Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.
ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.
Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激),demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive(认知)functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.
“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,”saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy.“Afteralongrun,youmayfeellikeyou’reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork-sure,youwillfeeltired,butitcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy.”
It'snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidworkthatcanhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter’sjob,forexample,thatrequiresmultitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh-levelofficework.And“runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating(协调),”shesays.“Youhavetoorganizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.”
Ofcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons-includingotherenvironmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallengeyourselfmentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.
28.Whydidthescientistsaskthevolunteerstotakethetests?
A.Toassesstheirhealthstatus.B.Toevaluatetheirworkhabits.
C.Toanalyzetheirpersonality.D.Tomeasuretheirmentalability.
29.HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinparagraph4?
A.Byusinganexpert’swords.B.Bymakingacomparison.
C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.D.Byintroducingaconcept.
30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.RetiredWorkersCanPickUpNewSkills
B.OldPeopleShouldTakeChallengingJobs
C.YourToughJobMightHelpKeepYouSharp
D.CognitiveFunctionMayDeclineAsYouAge
【答案】28.D29.B30.C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文,主题是探索与发现。
《神经病学》杂志发布的一则研究显示,需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作,有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。
答案D根据第二段第一句“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.(来自德国莱比锡大学的研究人员召集了1000多名75岁以上的退休老人,并通过一系列的测试对他们的记忆力和思维能力进行了评估。
)”可知,科学家让志愿者做测试是为了测试他们的心智能力。
故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。
答案B根据第四段中FranciscaThen说的话“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,(这就像体育锻炼一样有效。
)”及接下来进一步的解释“长跑后人就会感到痛苦和疲惫,但它确实能强身健体。
工作一天下来会感到劳累,但这也使你的大脑处于健康状态”可知,FranciscaThen是通过与“身体锻炼”作比较来解释他的发现的。
故选B项。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。
答案C第一段“Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage(需要大量的分析思考、细致规划和其他管理技能有挑战性的工作,有可能会帮助你的大脑随着年龄的增长而保持敏锐。
)”是本文的主题句,结合全文内容可知,文章主要讲述了有挑战性的工作可能会使大脑保持敏捷,所以C项“困难的工作可能有助于大脑保持敏捷”适合作本文标题。
故选C项。
Passage32021.1浙江卷卷C篇27-30题
Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetocommunicate.Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha“vocabulary”of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.
DrCatherineHobaiter,wholedtheresearch,saidthatthiswastheonlyformofintentionalcommunicationtoberecordedintheanimalkingdom.Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember.
“That’swhat’ssoamazingaboutchimpgestures,”shesaid.“They’retheonlythingthatlookslikehumanlanguageinthatrespect.”
Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanotheranimal’scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoicesintentionallytocommunicatemessages.Thiswasasignificantdifferencebetweencallsandgestures,DrHobaitersaid.
Chimpswillchecktoseeiftheyhavetheattentionoftheanimalwithwhichtheywishtocommunicate.Inonecase,amotherpresentsherfoottohercryingbaby,signalling:
“Climbonme.”Theyoungsterimmediatelyjumpsontoitsmother’sbackandtheytravelofftogether.“Thebigmessagefromthisstudyisthatthereisanotherspecies(物种)outtherethatismeaningfulinitscommunication,sothat’snotuniquetohumans,”saidDrHobaiter.
DrSusanneShultz,anevolutionarybiologistfromtheUniversityofManchester,saidthestudywaspraiseworthyinseekingtoenrichourknowledgeoftheevolutionofhumanlanguage.But,sheadded,theresultswere“alittledisappointing”.
“Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwearestillmissingalotoftheinformationcontainedintheirgesturesandactions,”shesaid.“Moreover,themeaningsseemtonotgobeyondwhatotheranimalsconveywithnon-verbalcommunication.So,itseemsthegulfremains.”
27.WhatdochimpsandhumanshaveincommonaccordingtoDrHobaiter?
A.Memorizingspecificwords.B.Understandingcomplexinformation.
C.Usingvoicestocommunicate.D.Communicatingmessagesonpurpose.
28.WhatdidDrShultzthinkofthestudy?
A.Itwaswelldesignedbutpoorlyconducted.
B.Itwasagoodtrybutthefindingswerelimited.
C.Itwasinspiringbuttheevidencewasunreliable.
D.Itwasafailurebutthemethodsdeservedpraise.
29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gulf”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Difference.B.Conflict.C.Balance.D.Connection.
30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Chimpanzeebehaviourstudyachievedabreakthrough
B.Chimpanzeesdevelopedspecificcommunicationskills
C.Chimpanzees:
thesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdom
D.Chimpanzeelanguage:
communicationgesturestranslated
答案27D28B29A30D
解析
此文时一篇说明文,主题是探索与发现。
讲了关于猩猩语言沟通系统的新发现,偏向于定位能力和主旨的考察,上下文猜测词义有一定的难度,总体难度中等。
【27题详解】
答案D根据人名定位到第二段Onlyhum
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