高中历史必修三重点知识总结.docx
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高中历史必修三重点知识总结.docx
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高中历史必修三重点知识总结
高中历史必修三重点知识总结(Highschoolhistoryrequiredthreekeyknowledgesummary)
Highschoolhistoryrequiredthreekeyknowledgesummary,.Txtchildhoodthinkfatherisnotsimple,andlaterfeelthatheisnotsimple,andlaterfeelthathischildisnotsimple.Themoreyouwanttoknowwhetheryouhaveforgottensomething,thebetteryouremember.Topic1theevolutionofthemainstreamideologyofChinesetraditionalculture
I.ahundredschoolsofthoughtcontendinthespringandautumnandWarringStatesPeriod
1,ahundredschoolsofthoughtcontend
(1)contendingbackground:
greatchangesinsociety.Including:
jingtianzhicollapse,thecollapseofthefeudalsystem,frequentwars,theriseofprivateschool.
(2)argued:
thecoreproblemishowtorule(theruleoflaw,ruleofvirtue,benevolence,humanity,inaction),humanrelations,therelationshipbetweenmanandnature.
(3)theinfluenceofcontending:
itisanideologicalliberationmovement,whichlaysthefoundationforthedevelopmentofChinesetraditionalthoughtandculture.
2,Confucius,MengZiandXunziandtheformationofConfucianism
(1)Confucius'sachievements
Thought:
thecreationofConfucianism,putforwardthe"benevolence","ceremony"and"ruleofvirtue"proposition.
Education:
theestablishmentofprivateschool,summedupsomeoftheteachingmethodsofeducation.
Onthecompilationof"SixClassics".
[]Confucius'simportantspeechofYuliwrittenforthepeople;heseekstoreachMaster;dountoyou.Ineducation,teaching.RoadtoGermany,togetherwith.Forpolitics,Germany,forexample,Beichen,occupiesitsplace,whilemanystarsarch.
(2)Menciusclaimedthathumannatureisgood,thepeople,benevolent.
[]thepeopleofanimportantspeechMenciusisexpensive,followedbystate,kingoflight.OpportunitiesvouchsafedbyHeavenarelessimportantthanterrestrialadvantages,whichinturnarelessimportantthantheunityamongpeople。
(3)Xunzi'sview:
evilhumannature,throughthe"ritual"tochange;canusethelawsofnaturetobenefitmankind.
[Xunzi]ZhouJunimportantspeechofthepeople,water,watercancarryaboat,canalsocapsize.Theweatherisfrequent......Makeuseofthemandateofheaven.
Two,ConfucianismbecameorthodoxthoughtinHanDynasty
1,DongZhongshu'sclaimthatit";Confucianism;harmonybetweenmanandnature,heavenandman,divineright.(other:
classe)
2,theemperordeposed100,onlyConfucianism;measures:
setupTaixue,promotionofconfucianism.
[Objective]tostrengthenautocraticcentralization.Influence:
strengthenedautocraticcentralization,Confucianismbecameorthodoxthinking]
Three,thesongandMingDynasties
1,neo-Confucianism
(1)"two-way"(thepioneerScience)referstoChengYiandChengHao,themainpointsare:
justiceistheoriginofallthings,ethicsandmoralityisjustice,justiceisthecoreof"benevolence".
(2)ZhuXi(whoepitomizedNewConfucianism)themainviewis:
Qitheory;saveheaven,anddestroyinghumandesires.
2,WangYangming(ShouJen)'sviewis:
intheheart(heartisLi,nothingoutsidethemind);conscience(tostrengthenmorality,overcomehumandesires,restoregoodnatureoriginal);and(knowledgeandlineproducedintheheart,withconsciencetocontroltheirownbehaviorpractice)
Four,ConfucianismduringtheMingandQingDynasties
1,LiZhi"deviant"(antiorthodoxheresy)againsttheview:
"sage";thatman'smateriallifeisheaven.
2,MingandQingDynastiesthreegreatthinkers:
HuangZongxi(the"MingYiDaiFangLu"),GuYanwu(the"RIZhiLu","worldcounty'sbook"),WangFuzhi,threepeoplehavecommonideas:
againstautocraticmonarchy,advocatedarethebusiness,advocatesstudying.GuYanwuandEveryoneisresponsibleforhiscountry."thought,WangFuzhioutstandingachievementsinphilosophy.
[remarks:
Yellow-theworld,kingoftheworldguest;chaos,notintheriseandfallofasurname,andinallthehappinessandsorrow;in"thelawofthepeople"insteadof"familylaw";thepublicisnotatschool.Takecareofmenandkingsintheworld......Tothepoweroftheworld,tosendthepeopleoftheworld
Five,theriseandfallofConfucianism:
seetheoutline
TopictwoancientChinesescienceandtechnologyandliteratureandart
I.achievementsinscienceandtechnology
1,fourbiginventionsandfinishedpaper:
Paper-GansuWesternHantombsunearthedfromtheEasternHanDynasty,"CaiHouzhi","theWarringStates;thecompassfornavigation,Iansong;TangandSongDynastyformilitary-gunpowderprinting;-SuiandTangDynastywoodblockprinting,"DiamondSutra"istheworldtheearliesttheexactdateofprinting,theNorthernSongDynastyBiSheng'sinventionofmovabletypeprinting.
2,thefourgreatinventionstoworldcivilization,papermaking,printing,culturaldevelopmentandideologicalemancipation(Renaissance,reformation),gunpowder-thebourgeoisrevolution,thebourgeoisregime,thecompass-newshipRoad,theworldmarketintheworldintogovernment,capitalistera.
Two,Chinesecharactersandpaintingandcalligraphy
Theoriginandevolutionof1Chinesecharacters:
Oracle-Xiaozhuan---script(seeofficialscriptregularscriptBookrecognitionvariousfonts),thegeneraltrendfromcomplextosimple.
2,Chinesepaintingandcalligraphy
(1):
theEasternJinDynastycalligrapherWangXizhi(holybook,"theLantingPavilionsequence"as"thebestinallthelandrunning"),OuyangXunoftheTangDynasty,YanZhenqing,LiuGongquan(atKaiShu).
Itpromotedtheriseofthenationalrevolutionandthevictoryofthenorthernexpedition.
Two,MaoZedongthought
1,MaoZedong'sworksandideas
(1)onthetheoryofthearmedseparatistregimeofworkersandPeasants:
whatarethereasonsfortheexistenceoftheredpoliticalpowerinChina?
"TheJinggangshanstruggle""sparksoffirecanstartaprairiefire."
(2)theworksonthenewdemocraticrevolutionare:
thetheoryofNewDemocracy
(3)thearticlesonsocialistrevolutionandconstructionareasfollows:
"onthepeople'sdemocraticdictatorship",onthetenrelations,andonthecorrecthandlingofcontradictionsamongthepeople
2,theinfluenceofMaoZedongthought:
itisthefirstleapofthecombinationofMarxdoctrineandChina'sreality.ItistheinheritanceanddevelopmentofMarxdoctrine,andbecomestheguidingideologyoftheCommunistPartyofchina.ThevictoryforthedemocraticrevolutionenabledChinatobecomeindependentandembarkedonasocialistroad.
Three,DengXiaoping-thetheoryofbuildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics
1,content:
Method1:
accordingtotheorderofmajoractivities,itincludesthecontentsofthethirdPlenarySessionofthe11thCPCCentralCommittee,thetwelvemajorcontentsandthecontentoftheSouthconversation.Witheconomicconstructionasthecenter,thereformandopeningupwillbecarriedout.GoourownwayandbuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.Theessenceofsocialismistoliberateanddeveloptheproductiveforces,andultimatelyachievecommonprosperity;judgmentpracticeisthestandardof"threebenefits",whichisconducivetothedevelopmentofproductiveforces,whetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrength,whetheritisconducivetotheimprovementofpeople'slivingstandards;theaimofthereformistoestablishasocialistmarketeconomicsystem.
Methodtwo:
graspthecoreproblemof"whatissocialismandhowtobuildsocialism".
Whatissocialism?
Theessenceofsocialismistoemancipateanddeveloptheproductiveforces,andfinallyrealizecommonprosperity.
Howtobuildsocialism?
Goyourownway,buildingaChinasocialism;takingeconomicconstructionasthecenter,theimplementationofthereformandopeningup;theestablishmentofthesocialistmarketeconomicsystem;practicetojudgewhetherthestandardis"threebenefits":
productivity,comprehensivenationalstrengthandpeople'sliving.
2,meaning:
itisthesecondleapofthecombinationofMarxdoctrineandtherealityofChina.ItistheinheritanceanddevelopmentofMaoZedongthoughtandtheguidingideologyoftheCommunistPartyofchina.Conducivetoreformandopeningupandmodernizationdrive,thecountry'sprosperityandprosperity,Chinahasembarkedonaroadofcharacteristicsocialism.(payattentiontothesignificanceofMaoZedongthought;thetheoreticalmeaningincludestwoaspects:
practiceandeffect)
TopicfivemajorachievementsinthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinmodernChina
1,twobombsandonesatellite
(1)themainachievements:
in1964thefirstatomicbombsuccessfully,Chinahasbecometheworld'sfifthcountrieswithnuclearweapons(theSovietUnionLaw);thefirstartificialearthsatellitein1970Dongfanghong"successfullaunch,Chinabecamethefifthcountrytolaunchasatellite(Russianbeautyday).
(2)wonthe"twobombsandonesatellitemeritoriousservice":
DengJiaxian,TsienHsueshen.
2,mannedspace:
in2003,"Shenzhoufive"spacecraftcarryingYangLiweiupintospace,Chinahasbecometheworld'sthirdmannedspacetechnology.In2005,theShenzhousixspacecraftcarriedFeiJunlongandNieLiupintospace.
3.Hybridrice:
in1973,YuanLongpingbredhybridrice,makinggreatcontributionstotheincreaseofgrainproductioninChinaandtheworld.
[notestheorderinwhichseveralimportantachievementsappear.]
TopicsixdevelopmentofhumanisticspiritintheWest
I.TheOriginofwesternhumanisticspirit
1.TherepresentativeoftheancientGreekschoolofwisdomthoughtthat"manistheyardstickofallthings",andaffirmsthevalueofman.
2,Socrates:
virtueisknowledge(emphasizingtheimportanceofmorality),knowyourself.
Two,theRenaissanceandreligiousreform
Themainachievementsof1,
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