牛津版高一必修一第二单元 知识点教案1.docx
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牛津版高一必修一第二单元 知识点教案1.docx
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牛津版高一必修一第二单元知识点教案1
1.MomandDadarrivebackfromvacationadayearlierthanexpected.
比较级+than(theywere)expected一种省略结构
e.g.Theproblemwasmuchmoredifficultthan(ithadbeen)expected.
Theprojectwasfinishedasexpected.(如期)
【注】含有when,while,if,unless,though,once,than等引导的时间、条件、让步以及比较状语从句的复合句中,若主从句主语一致(或者从句主语是it),且从句谓语含有be动词时,可以将从句主语和be动词一起省略,从而构成句式:
连词(when,while,if,unless,though,once,than...)+非谓语动词。
*Youshoulddefendyourselfif(youare)attacked.
*Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.
【拓展】*expectvt.&vi.期望;指望;预料expectationn.
expectsth.期待/希望…expectsth.from/ofsb.期待/指望得到…
expect(sb.)todosth.期待/希望(某人)做…
liveuptoone’sexpectation不辜负某人的期望
beyondexpectation/beyondallexpectations出乎意料
1.Adoctorcanexpectatanyhourofthedayornight.
A.callingB.tocallC.beingcalledD.tobecalled
2.Ican’twaittosurprisetheboys!
(1)can’t/couldn’twait(forsb.)todosth.=canhardlywaittodosth.迫不及待(某人)做某事
Mydaughtercan’twaitformetobuyherabirthdaygift.
can’twaitforsth.对某事迫不及待Theteenagerscan’twaitforthecomingsoccermatch.
*can’thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事can’thelp(to)do不能帮助做某事
can’thelp/choosebutdosth.不得不做某事
(2)surprisevt.使惊讶n.惊奇,令人惊奇的事
adjsurprising令人吃惊的surprised(感到)惊奇的,惊讶的
(much)toone’ssurprise令某人大吃一惊的是;使某人惊奇的是
Toourgreatsurprise,hedidn’tpasstheexam.
surprisesb.Hisnotpassingtheexamsurprisedusverymuch.
Takesb.bysurprise吓某人一跳Theheavysnowfalltookusallbysurprise.
3.Ericrunsinafterit,followedbyabigdog,walkingveryslowly.
Followed作过去分词表伴随(伴随状语),与主语Eric构成被动关系;walking为现在分词作伴随状语,与主语abigdog构成主动关系,起补充说明的作用。
现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、方式、结果、条件、让步、伴随等含义。
Theboyspentthenight,lockedintheroom.那个男孩被锁在房间里过了一夜。
(1)hisfather,WangLinenteredtheroom,byhistwobrother.(follow)
(2)Helayonthegrass,attheskyforalongtime.(stare)
(3)Helayonthegrass,andattheskyforalongtime.(stare)
4.Mom!
Dad!
You’rebackearly!
(lookingaroundroom,soundingfrightened)
frightenedadj.受惊的;害怕的frightenv.使害怕/恐惧frighteningadj.令人害怕的
befrightenedof(doing)sth.害怕(做)某事
Iwasfrightenedofbeingleftbymyselfinthehouse.我害怕一个人被留在屋里。
befrightenedtodosth.(吓得)不敢去做某事
befrightenedtodeath吓死、吓得要死
befrightenedthat…害怕…
从高楼顶往下看我感到害怕Iwasfrightened(look)downfromthetopofthetallbuilding.
看到这条吓人的鱼,这个男孩吓得要死。
Theboywastodeathatthefish.=Thefishalmosttheboy.
Fromhervoice,weknowshemustbebythefire.
5.But,but…youweren’tsupposedtocomehomeuntiltomorrow.
be(not)supposedtodosth.(不)应该…;(不)应当…
表示按照约定、规则或义务“应当、理应”做某事,相当于oughtto或should.
*was/weresupposedtodo=am/is/aresupposedtohavedone=should/oughttohavedone
过去本应该做(而实际上未做,含有责备的语气)
Heisnotsupposedtohavelefthospitalsosoon.=Hewasnotsupposedtoleavehospitalsosoon.
besupposedtobe被看作…MoYanissupposedtobeoneofthegreatestwritersintheworld.
—Youpartintheparty.—Sorry,Iwasdelayedbytheaccident.
A.aresupposedtotakeB.havesupposedtotake
C.aresupposedtohavetakenD.supposedtotake
【拓展】—Doyousupposehe’llfailtocatchthetrain?
—Isupposeso./Isupposenot.(Idon’tsupposeso)类似用法:
think、believe、expect等
6.(bendingtotouchdog)Eric,he’ssotiredandhungry!
(1)bendvi.弯腰,屈身vt.(使)弯曲adj.bent弯曲的
bendover/down弯腰;屈身
bend还有“屈从于;致力于”的意思,常用结构为:
bendto弯向;屈从于Werefusedtobendtohisunreasonabledemands.
bendone’sattentionon/bebenton专心于;致力于
Thelittlegirlbendsherattentiononpainting.=Thelittlegirlisbentonpainting.
(2)touchv.触摸,联系;感动adj.touchedtouching
get/keepintouchwithsb.与某人取得联系touchsb.使某人感动
7.Themoneyfordogfoodisgone,butSpotlookslikeheisstarving!
starvevi.挨饿;饿死vt.使挨饿starvingadj.饥饿的starvationn.饥饿;饿死
starvetodeath饿死dieofstarvation死于饥饿
starvesb.into(doing)sth.迫使某人做某事starvefor渴望;急需
Afterthreedayswithoutfood,themenwereclosetostarvation.这些人快饿死了。
Theygotlostinthedesertandstarvedtodeath.
表“渴望”的结构还有:
bedyingtodo;bedyingfor;desiretodo;haveadesiretodo;longfor;longtodo;hungerfor;haveathirstfor
EveryChinese(渴望)realizingtheirChinaDream.
8.Theroomisinamess,withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink.
(1)messn.&v.aterrible/realmess一团糟,多么乱whatamess
(2)withpizzaboxes…为with的复合结构,在句中作状语,构成为“with+宾语+介词短语”
with复合结构在句中表状态或说明背景情况,常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语,有时也可作定语。
adj./adv./介词短语prep.
with+O(n./代词)+OCdoing(现在分词表主动、进行)
done(过去分词表被动、完成)
todo(不定式表动作尚未发生)
(1)with+O.+prep.Ateachercameinwithabookinhishand.
(2)with+O.+adj.Don’tleavetheclassroomwiththewindowsopen.
(3)with+O.+adv.Mybabydoesn’tlikesleepingwiththelighton.
(4)with+O.+doingWiththeguideleadingtheway,wefinallyfoundthehotel.(lead)
(5)with+O.+doneThethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.(tie)
(6)with+O.+todoWithalotofworktodo,hewouldhaveabusyweekend.(do)
练习:
(1)______productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.
A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through
(2)Withalotofdifficultproblems______,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.
A.settledB.tobesettledC.tosettleD.beingsettled
(3)Withalltheproblems______,thenewly-electedpresidentfeltrelaxed.
A.settledB.tobesettledC.tosettleD.beingsettled
(3)sinkn.水池,水槽,洗碗池vi.(sank,unk)下沉,沉没
Thesunsinksinthewest.太阳西下。
Asisknowntoall,wooddoesnotsinkbutfloatsinthewater.
Theywatchedthesunsinkinginthewest.他们注视着太阳西沉。
9.Listentome,youngman—weleftyouincharge!
(1)leavevt.使…处于某种状态/某地等,使保留
leavesb./sth.+OC(doing/done/adj./adv.n….)“使某人/某物处于什么状态”
leaveout遗漏leavebehind丢下,遗忘leavesb./sth.alone不打扰某人/某物
(2)chargen.负责,掌管;费用v.收费
in/underchargeofsth.=takechargeof…某人负责某事
inthechargeofsb.某事由某人负责
incharge负责,掌管(常作定语/表语)freeofcharge免费的fornothing=forfree
bechargedwith控告bechargedfor(doing)付费
10.Wewon’ttoleratesuchbehaviorinourhouse!
toleratevt.容忍;允许(putupwith)adj.tolerant忍受的,忍让的n.tolerance宽容
tolerate(doing)sth.容忍做某事
Ican’ttolerateyourbadmannersanylonger.Theschoolcan’ttoleratecheatinginexams.
betoleranttowardssth./sb.对…容忍/宽容
1.Thegovernmenttolerates(smoke)and(drink)butnot(take)drugs.
2.Betowardsother’sflawsbywayoflobe.
表示“容忍、忍受”的词/短语还有:
stand、bear、putupwith等。
Ican’ttolerate/stand/bear/putupwithsucharudeperson.
11.Stopshoutingatme.I’mstillateenager!
Whyiseverythingalwaysmyfault?
faultn.过错,错误
findfaultwith挑…的毛病,对…吹毛求疵
atfault有责任,出毛病Itisone’sownfault.那是某人自己的错。
【辨析】fault、mistake、error
fault多指性格、心智状态、情绪、行为或习惯中的“缺点”
mistake指判断或理解方面的错误,或是由于缺乏思考或疏忽而造成的错误
error可指任何错误,也可指笔误、印刷上或计算上的错误
1.Pleasedon’tbeangrywithme.Itwasn’tmy.
2.Thisbookcontainsalotofprinter’s.3.Hetookyourbikeby.
12.Acttwo,sceneone
scenen.(戏剧的)一场;场面;景色
Lastweekendwewentonanoutgoingandenjoyedawonderfulcountrysidescene.
onthescene在现场,当场behindthescenes在幕后,不公开地
Ihappenedonthescenewhentheaccidentoccurred.
Themeetingwasheldbehindthescenes.会议是秘密召开的。
【辨析】scene、sight、view
scene有一定特征的各种可见的景色,常指有人活动的场面,也指事件/事故发生的地点
sight指“景色”,作可数名词时,指眼见的景色,如供人游览的“景”和“名胜”,但尤指人工制成的景。
还表示“视野”。
view指从某一角度或者某一距离看到的景色,还可指观点、看法等。
1.Seeingthehappyofsomeelderlydancinginthepark,I’mhappy.
2.Seatyourselfnearthewindowandyou’llgetabetterontheway.
3.Iwatcheduntilthetrainwasoutof.
Therewasagoodofthecountrysidefromthefrontofthebus.
A.sightB.viewC.sceneD.sign
13.Danielhashisarmscrossedandlooksupset.
(1)have/hassth.done
句中的hashisarmscrossed是have/hassth.done结构。
其中have用作使役动词,意思是“使…,让…”,后面接复合宾语。
havesth.done中过去分词作宾语补足语,宾语与过去分词表示的动作构成被动关系。
Have/hassth.done有三种含义:
①(主语)请人做某事,让别人做某事:
强调主语的主观意志,相当于getsth.done
②(主语)完成某事此事可以是别人完成的,也可以是自己参与完成的
③(主语)遭受/遭遇某事强调宾语客观上遭受不幸的事
Hehasnotimetohavehisbikerepaired.
Youhadbetterhaveyourhomeworkdonebyyourself.
Theotherday,thelittleboyhadhislegbrokenwhileplaying.
【拓展】
①havesb.dosth.=getsb.todosth.让某人做某事强调一次性的动作
I’llhaveTomshowyoutoyourroom.
②havesb./sth.doing使某人/某物持续地做某事强调动作的持续性、连续性或反复性
Thebosshadtheworkersworkingdayandnight.
havesb.doing用于否定句时have表“容忍”,couldnothavesb.doingsth.不允许某人做某事
③*havesth.todo→havesth.tobedonehave“有”,不定式作定语有…要做
Yesterday,Jackhadhishair(cut).However,whenhereturnedhome,hefoundhe
hadhadhisdocument(steal).Hewassoworriedbecausehisbosswouldhavehim
(work)onweekendsifhelostit.
1.—Sir,doyouhaveanythingtotoday?
—No,thankyou.
A.typeB.typedC.typingD.betyped
2.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehaditoftenenough.
A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained
(2)upsetadj.不高兴的,失望的vt.使不高兴,使失望;打乱,打翻
beupsetabout/oversth.对某事感到失望/烦恼,为某事难过/不高兴
beupsetwithsb.生某人的气
Itupsetssb.that…让某人心烦的是…Itupsetssb.todosth.做某事使某人失望/不快
Don’tbeupsetaboutit—noharmhasbeendone.
Itupsetshimthatnobodyhasbotheredtotellhimaboutit.谁也没把这件事告诉他
Youarenotstillupsetwithme,areyou?
14.Theyneverevengavemeachancetodefendmyself.
defendvt.辩解,辩白;防御,保护n.defence/defenseadj.defensive
defendoneself为自己辩护defendone’sdeeds为某人的行为辩护
defendsb.from/againstsb./sth.使某人免受…(之苦)
Thebravemotherdefendedhersonfromthemaddog.
indefenceof为了保卫…;为了辩护…
Hestoodupindefenceofhisowndeeds.
inone’sdefence为某人
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