reflective report 自动保存的.docx
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reflective report 自动保存的.docx
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reflectivereport自动保存的
Reflectivereport
Introduction
Reflectionisaformofpersonalresponsetoexperiences,situations,eventsornewinformation.Itisa‘processing’phasewherethinkingandlearningtakeplace.Thepurposeofreflectiveessaysisforstudentstoanalyzeinwritinghisorherthoughtsandfeelingsabouttheirlearning,theirteam,thesubject,theproject,peerassessment,factoryvisitsoranyotherappropriateissues(Brookfield,1987).Itwillbearguedthatreflectionandthewritingofreflectivereportscannotonlyaidlearningbutcanalsobroadencommunicationskillsandpromoteemotionalintelligence.Truereflectionswillnotnecessarilybepositiveeitheraboutthesubjectoraboutspecificactivities,projectsorteams(Baird,2000).However,studentsareencouragedtodeveloppositivecriticismskillswheretheyidentifywaysofimproving(intheiropinion)ontheexistingsituation.Suchopportunitiesmaywelldevelopseveralpositiveoutcomes.Firstly,thestudenthastoshowthefrustrationinwords,helpingthemclarifytheissueintheirownmind.Secondly,theyneedtoclarifythecommentinawaywhichwillbeunderstoodandpossiblyempathizedwithbytheothers.Thirdly,itencouragesthestudenttothinkaboutpossiblewaysoftheissueandfourthlyitmayresultinthemtotakeactionandovercomethefrustration(Baird,2000).Inthisreport,Iwillfocusontaskallocation,takingnotes,riskmanagementandleadershipskills.Intheprocessofcompletingoftheproject,ourproblemsmainlyappearintheseaspects.Throughwritingreflectiveessays,Iwillsummarywhatthefrustrationsare,howtheycomeout,whatwewilldointhefuturetomakeitdifferently.
Mainbody
InretrospectIfeelthatIhavelearntmanyinvaluablelessonsfromundertakingtheprojectandtherearemanythingsneedtoimproveordodifferently.
Firstly,themostobviousthingthatIdiscoveredwastheadvantageofworkingaspartofagroup.Ilearnedthatgoodteamworkisthekeytosuccessindesignactivitieswhentimeandresourcesarelimited.Aseveryonehadtheirownpointofview,manydifferentideascouldbeproducedandIfoundtheenergyofgroupparticipationmademefeelmoreenergeticaboutcontributingsomething.RosefeldandWilson(1999)pointtheimportanceofallocatingindividualrolestoenablethedivisionoflabourandthereforeincreasetheeffectwithinateam.Inourproject,ourleaderallocatedrolestoshareworkloadthroughouttheproject.GeorgeandItriedtofindthetuitionchangesin2007,AlpenshandThungfoundsomeinformationinothercountries,DerekandChristriedtobuildthemodelbasedthedatawecollected.Throughtheallocation,workloaddecreaseddramatic.However,inpractice,wefoundthatanaturalshiftalwaysoccurredwhenwetriedtofindsomedatainindividualareas,forexample:
Ifoundthedatadescribethechangesin2007,whichalsocanbeusedinbuildingmodels.SoIcanemailthatinformationtothem.Bythisway,wecancooperateandsupporteachother.Ontheotherside,itisimportanttoestablishtheteamrole“type”becauseeachtypeofteamworkerhasimplicitattributesandcharacteristics(Sch?
n,1987).Identifyingtheseattributesandcharacteristicscouldaidmyidentificationofcurrentweaknessesandstrengths,andcouldfurthersupportthethoughtsandopinionsexpressedintherestofthereport.Belbin(1996)identifiedeighttypesofteamworkerbyusingaself-perceptionquestionnairethatenablesindividualstoidentifytheirteamworkingtypeorrole.Inourgroupproject,wejustallocatedourtasksbyrandom,whichbringsomedrawbackstous.Forexample:
somematescannotfinishtheirpart,becausetheyarenotgoodatmathandtheycannotfindenoughevidencetosupporttheirarguments.Evenforme,IthinkIamnotgoodatstatingthechangesoftuitionfeeintheUK.BecauseEnglishismysecondlanguage,Icannotuseitsoprofessionally,especiallyforsomecomplexsentencesorauthorityreport.However,IamgoodatmathandIhavestudiedmanyrelatedfinancialcoursesinmyundergraduatedegree,soIampleasedtobuildthemodelanddothestatistics.
Inaddition,weapplyourknowledgetosolvetheproblemsinreallife,whichbringmuchpleasuretousandhelpustohaveadeepunderstandofthetheoriesinnotebooks.Inthisproject,wecollecteddatabyusingdatabase,usedEviewsandSPSStobuildmodels,thenanalysethedataanddosomeforecastbytheknowledgeweweretaughtinEconomicevaluationtechniquecourse.
Secondly,Ifoundthenotetakingprocessitselfhelpful,asitensuredthatIlistenedcarefullyanddecodedinformation.Thenoteswerewrittenbyhandonpaper.Theyconsistedofsimplenotesandpersonalnotesthatwouldremindmeofspecificthingswhenitcametowritingthenotesup.ItooksomedirectnotesrecordingwhatIsawwherethiswasrelevanttotheresearchquestionsand,Ialsomadesomenotesfromourgroupmates.NotalltheinformationIrecordedwasrelevant,butnotingwhatIfoundinformativeusefulorcontributedtomypartofthefinalreport.However,thereliabilityofsimplenotesalonecanbequestionable.Forexample,thenoteswerenotadirecttranscriptionofwhatthejournalorarticlesaidbutconsistedofusefulinformationorinterestinginformation.Besidesthat,Englishismysecondlanguage.Throughmylowlevelofparaphrasing,itmaychangethemeaning.Sometechnicalinformationwasdifficulttonotedownaccurately.Forexample:
SometimesImisunderstoodwhatourleadermeanandmadenotes,whichalwaysbroughtmanytroublestome.WhenIusedunappreciatedorwrongwordstoshowmyideas,ourgroupmatesalsomisunderstood.UsuallyasIdonothaveenoughtimetocopyorrecordthesentencedirectly,justnotesthebulletpoints,whichalsodecreasesthereliabilityofnotes.Ifwehavethechancetocompletetheprojectagain,ataperecorderwouldhavebeenabetter,moreaccuratemethod.However,ifstudentsuseataperecorder,theyarepossibletobeaskedtoswitchitoffbyparticipantswhowereuneasyabouthercommentsbeingdirectlyrecorded.Itseemsthatsubjectsfeeldifferentlyaboutbeingrecordedorphotographed,sospecificconsentshouldbesoughtbeforeusingthesetechnologies.Besidesthat,Idiscoveredthateventhesimplestthingsonearthcouldbeturnedintosomethingamazingifweputenoughcreativityandeffortintoworkingonthem.Inourproject,atfirstIknownothingaboutthecompany“cottonmill”,andIamnotinterestedineducationaspect,Ifeelthattheprojectwillbesoboring.However,afterwemeettheclients,theygaveussomanyinterestingtopicsandinformation.Weallfindthetaskschallengingandareabletocreatesome‘coolstuff’fortheclients.Duringthosetimes,ourgroupmatescooperatedwitheachotherandchallengedeachother’spreconceptionsaboutwhatstructurethefinalreportshouldbe.Basedontheresearch,IlearnmuchaboutthestudentaccommodationmarketintheUKandthechangesoftuitionfeepolicy.Inourpresentation,ourclientswerequitepleasedwithourresearchandthoughttherecommendationsareusefulfortheircompany.
Thirdly,Inotedriskmanagementvitalforthewholeproject,asitensuredthattheresearchcanbedoneontimeandinhighquality.Ariskisanythingthatcancauseyoueithertofallshortof,ortoexceedyourprojecttargets.Anegativeriskissomethingthatcouldpotentiallyhaveadetrimentaleffectononeormoreoftheprojectobjectives.Inourgroup,thereareseveralrisks(Mallon,1984).Forexample:
absenteeism.BecauseourgroupleaderworksinNewcastle,heonlyhaslittletimeavailableforourgroupmeeting.ChristookpartinCFAtestandheonlyhadlimitedtimeforthisproject.Alpensealsospentmuchtimeonpart-timejob.Besidesthat,duringthattime,wealsohavesomecoursesneedtoattend.Sothemeetingtimeishardtodecide.Sometimesthemeetingwasforcedtobecancelled.Anotherriskistheallocatedtaskscannotbefinishedontimeorwritteninlowquality.Almosteverymeeting,therewassomeonecannotfinishhisallocatedpartorourgroupleaderwasnotsatisfiedwithourwriting.Thissituationdelayedourprogress,whichmaycausethatwecannotsubmitthereportontime.Afteridentifyingtherisks,weshoulddoriskmanagementandtakeriskmitigationstrategies.Riskmanagementevaluateswhichrisksidentifiedintheriskassessmentprocessrequiremanagementandselectsandimplementstheplansoractionsthatarerequiredtoensurethatthoserisksarecontrolled(Sandars,2009).Inthefuture,ifthesameproblemsoccur,wewilltreattheserisksdifferently.Atfirst,identifyrisks.Whataretherisks?
Whoaretheindividualsresponsibleforimplementingtheriskmitigation?
Whyisitimportanttotakethisriskinrelationtotheprojectobjectives?
Howistheriskgoingtobemitigated?
Afterthat,makeriskmanagementplan.Todetailthestrategiestominimizetherisks,developitintheconceptionanddesignstagesofyourproject,communicateaboutprojectrisksearlyandoften,recordallthedocumentsabouttherisks.Inpractice,weoftentalkedaboutthoseproblemsbyemailandfoundthesolutions.Evensometimesitdoesnotwork.However,inthelastwefinishedtheworksuccessfully.Ifwehaveachoicetodotheprojectagain,weshouldmakenotes,recordwhoshouldberesponsiblefortherisks;givehim/themwarning;explainindetailthenatureoftherisk(suchas:
itslikelihood,itsaffectetc.);forcehimtostopit.
Fourthly,leadershipisthekeytothesuccessofteamwork.Aneffectiveleaderneedsanincredibleamountofprojectbackgroundinformationforhis/herorganization.Inourgroup,groupleaderislocalpeople;heisa
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