合工大考博英语真题及答案.docx
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合工大考博英语真题及答案.docx
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合工大考博英语真题及答案
合肥工业大学2015年博士研究生入学考试初试笔试试题
PartOneVocabularyandStructure(10points)
Directions:
Ineachquestiondecidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletesthesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.
1.Mr.Smith’snovelturnsouttobeagreatsuccess_______theinterestithasarousedinavarietyofreaders.
A.withrespecttoB.onthevergeofC.intermsofD.atthepointof
2.Hetoldalmostallofhisfriendshowhisbrilliantsonhadbeenacceptedbyoneofthemost_______universitiesinEurope.
A.preciousB.prescriptiveC.prestigiousD.presumptuous
3.AccordingtoCharlesDarwin,randomchangesthatenhanceaspecies’abilitytosurvivearenaturallyselectedandpassedonto_______generations.
A.successiveB.succeedingC.relativeD.relating
4.The_______ofsmokingamongwomen,formerlyneglectable,hasgrowntosuchadegreethatlungcancerhasbecomethechiefcauseofcancer-relateddeathamongwomen.
A.abundanceB.necessityC.impudenceD.incidence
5.Infactthepurchasingpowerofasingleperson’spensioninHongKongwasonly70percentofthevalueofthe_______Singaporepension.
A.equivalentB.similarC.consistentD.identical
6.Itseemsareasonableruleofthumbthatanygenuineofferofhelpandsupportfrompeopleororganizationwillbeaccompaniedbyanameandaddress,andawillingnesstobe_______astotheirmotiveinmakingcontact.
A.seenthroughB.checkedoutC.touchedonD.accountedto
7.Peoplemusttrytheirbesttopreventendangeredspeciesofwildlifefrombecomingextinctinorderthattheirfuturegenerationsmayenjoythegreat_______ofanimallife.
A.perplexityB.incessancyC.diversityD.benevolence
8.Withmostonlinerecruitmentservices,jobseekersmustchoosetheirwordscarefully;_______thesearchenginewillnevermakethecorrectmatch.
A.thereforeB.whereasC.providedD.otherwise
9.Anexplanationofanearthquakeisadescriptionofthechainof_______thatproducesit.
A.causalityB.marginC.persistenceD.purpose
10.I’m_______,accordingtomyownexperience,thatthebigrainstormatthetimeofthisseasonwilllastforquiteafewdays.
A.assumingB.pretendingC.illustratingD.appealing
11.Agreementmadebythepresidentwithothercountries_______theapprovalofthesenators.
A.issubjectedtoB.issubjecttoC.drawsoutD.substitutefor
12.Mr.Black’swastefulson_______hislargeinheritanceinafewyearsofheavyspending.
A.inheritedB.receivedC.accumulatedD.dissipated
13.InancientIndia,thereusedtobeaveryformidable_______inreligiousandsociallife.
A.hierarchyBpowerC.despotD.president
14.Mrs.Robert______adivorcefromherhusband,forshecannolonger_______hisstormytemper.
A.isseeking...putupwith
B.seeks...putdownwith
C.isseeking...putsupwith
D.seeks...putdownfor
15.Theauthoritiesarediscouragingnew_______whowanttoenterthecountryastherearen’tenoughjobsforthem.
A.passengersB.migrantsC.immigrantsD.emigrants
16.Babiessoonbegantotakeanactive_______theworldaroundthem.
A.contemptforB.fondnessforC.interestinD.partin
17.Hardly_______whenaloudexplosionwasheard.
A.thetrainhadstartedB.thetrainhadbeenstarted
C.hadthetrainstartedD.didthetrainstart
18.InSeoultradingyesterdaytheUSdollarfellandKorean_______droppedtotheirlowestlevelinfivemonths.
A.dealersB.sharesC.standardsD.ballots
19.Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmaledrinkers,_______overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.
A.whoseB.thatC.whichD.ofwhich
20.Theoldfarmerputupironfencesaroundtheflowergarden_______neighbor'ssheepshouldbreakin.
A.onconditionthatB.nowthatC.lestD.but
PartTwoReadingComprehension(45points)
Directions:
Thereare6readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicemarkedA,B,CandD.Decideonthebestchoice.
PassageOne
Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Deepinhiding,theNO.1targetofwaronterrorismkeptpressingfollowerstofindnewwaystokillAmericans,officialssay,citinghisprivatejournalandotherdocumentsrecoveredintheraidinearlyMaythatlefthimdead.
Strikesmallercities,OsamabinLadensuggested.Targettrainsaswellasplanes.Ifpossiblestrikeonsignificantdates,suchastheFourthofJulyandtheupcoming10thanniversaryoftheattackofSept.11,2001.Aboveall,killasmanyAmericansaspossibleinasingleattack.
Thoughhewasoutofthepubliceyeandal-Qaidaseemedtobeweakening,binLadenneveryieldedcontrolofhisworldwideorganization,U.S.officialssaidMay11.Hispersonalhand-writtenjournalandhismassivecollectionofcomputerfilesrevealhishandatworkineveryrecentmajoral-Qaidathreat,includingplotsinEuropelastyearthathadtravelersandembassiesonhighalert,twoofficialssaid.
Theinformationshattersthegovernment’sconventionalthinkingaboutbinLaden,whohadbeenregardedforyearsasmostlyaninspirationalfigureheadwhoseyearsinhidingmadehimtoomarginalizedtomaintainoperationalcontroloftheorganizationhefounded.
Instead,binLadenwascommunicatingfromhiswalledcompoundinPakistanwithal-Qaida’soffshoots,includingtheYemenbranchthathasemergedastheleadingthreattotheU.S.,thedocumentsindicate.
HewaswellawareofU.S.counterterroristeffortsandschooledhisfollowersinworkingaroundthem,themessagestohisfollowersshow.Don'tlimitattackstoNewYorkCity,hesaidinhiswritings.ConsiderotherareassuchasLosAngelesorsmallercities.Spreadoutthetargets.
Inoneparticularlymacabrebitofmathematics,binLaden’swritingsshowhimthinkingoverjusthowmanyAmericanshemustkilltoforcetheU.S.towithdrawfromtheArabworld.Heconcludesthatthesmaller,scatteredattackssince9/11hadnotbeenenough.Hetellshisdisciplesthatonlyabodycountofthousands,somethingonthescaleof9/11,wouldshiftU.S.policy.
Thecommunicationswereinmessagessentviaplug-incomputerstoragedevicesorflashdrives.ThedeviceswereferriedtobinLaden’scompoundbycouriers,aprocessthatisslowbutexceptionallydifficulttotrack.
Intelligenceofficialshavenotidentifiedanynewplannedtargetsorplotsintheirinitialanalysisofthe100orsoflashdrivesandfivecomputersthatNavySEALstookawayafterkillingbinLaden.
21.WhathappenedtobinLaden,theNO.1targetofwaronterrorisminMay?
A.HemovedtoNewYork.
B.HewascapturedinPakistan.
C.HefoundashelterinYemen.
D.HewaskilledbytheU.SSEALs.
22.WhybinLadenselectedtheFourthofJulyasanimportantdatetoconductattacks?
A.BecauseitwasthedatewhenhewasborninAfghanistan
B.Becauseitwasthedatewhenal-Qaidawasbuilt.
C.BecauseitwasthedatewhentheU.S.wasfounded.
D.BecauseitwasthedatewhenhearrivedinLosAngeles.
23.Inthelastsentenceoftheseventhparagraphthephrase“disciples”couldbestbereplacebywhichofthefollowing?
A.terrorists
B.officials
C.followers
D.targets
24.HowdidbinLadencommunicatewithhisorganizationbranches?
A.Heusedamobilephone.
B.Heusedstoragedevicesforexchangingmessages.
C.HesentmessagesthroughInternet.
D.Hesenthismentopassinformationonline.
25.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.ThedetailsabouthowtheAmericanssucceededinfindingoutwherebinLadenhided.
B.ThewarbetweentheU.S.andArabcountries.
C.HowbinLadentriedtokeepcontrolofhisworldwideterroristorganization
D.TheplanstokillthousandsofAmericanstogettheU.S.outofArabworld
PassageTwo
Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
AlthoughGMOshavebeeninourfoodsupplyfor20years,thecontroversyhasmovedtocenterstage.RecentdocumentariesandexpertsonTheDoctorOzShowhavefannedtheflames.About75percentofconsumerssaytheyareconcernedaboutthesafetyofgeneticallymodifiedfood,accordingtoaNewYorkTimessurvey.MaineandConnecticutrecentlypassedbillsrequiringlabelingofallfoodsmadewithGMOs;manyotherstatesareconsideringmandatorylabeling.TheEuropeanUnionalreadyrequireslabeling,andseveralcountries,includingFrance,havebannedtheplantingofgeneticallymodifiedcrops.
Inabigredflag-raisingstudy,FrenchresearchersreportedlastyearinFoodandChemicalToxicologythatratsdevelopedhugetumorsafterlivingongeneticallymodifiedcornfortwoyears.“Geneticengineeringcanhaveunintendedconsequences,”saysBillFreese,sciencepolicyanalystfortheCenterforFoodSafety.Artificialgenesforceplantstoproduceunnaturalproteins,hesays,andnooneknowshowthosemayaffecthumanhealth.
However,hundredsofotherstudieshavefoundnotroublewithGMOs,saysRuthMacDonald,professor,andchairoffoodscienceatIowaStateUniversity.Afterlookingatmorethan130researchprojects--includinganimalstudiesandsearchesforknowntoxinsorallergensinGMOfoods--theEuropeanUnionconcludedthatthere’snothingespeciallyriskyaboutthem.InSeptember,theeditorsofScientificAmericandenouncedtheeffortstolabelGMOfoods,statingthatthere'snoproofthatso-calledgeneticallymodifiedorganismscanendangerpeople'shealth.Addinggenestocropsisn'tanymoredangerousthantraditionalbreeding,whichfarmershavedoneforthous
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