1、第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Visitor Oyster cardA Visitor Oyster card is the cheapest way to pay for a single adult journeyin London. Its a plastic smartcard. You can use it on the bus, tube, tram, DLR,London Overground and most National Rail services. Its
2、 much cheaper thanbuying individual tickets, in some cases costing 50% less than the price of a regularpaper ticket.How to get a Visitor Oyster cardYou can buy a Visitor Oyster card online. Your card will be delivered by post.The card costs 5 and you choose how much money you want to add to the card
3、.This means you can start using the card the moment you arrive in Central London.How does the Visitor Oyster card work?The Oyster card works on a pay-as-you-go system. You start by adding money to the card. Then you travel, the cost of the fare will automatically bededucted（减去） from your Visitor Oys
4、ter card. For example, if you add 20 to thecard and make a tube journey of 2.30, you will have 17.70 left on the card.A few more points:A child under the age of 11 travels free when accompanied by an adult.Youll save more money if you use the tube several times. The Visitor Oyster cardis “capped （给定
5、上限）” at 6.80 per day.Youll pay more during peak times. Peak fares apply from Monday to Friday （6:30am9:30 am; 4:00 pm7:00 pm）, except for public holidays.Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station, Oyster ticket shop orVisitor Centre.Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus
6、services.1. What can we learn about the Visitor Oyster card?A. You cant use it during public holidays.B. You can have it mailed directly to your home.C. You can get a free Oyster card if you order online.D. You can receive a 50% discount at any shop in London.2. How much money will be deducted if yo
7、u take the tube four times in a day witha Visitor Oyster card?A. 2.30. B. 3.40.C. 6.80. D. 9.20.3. Where can you add credit to your Visitor Oyster card?A. On the Internet. B. At a bus station.C. At a tube station. D. In convenience stores.BSeveral women sat outside a medical building waiting for the
8、 mother-to-mother group meeting to start. Each one held a baby clothed in bright patterns. One mother nursed a 1-year-old; another held a sleeping newborn and others chatted happily while they waited for the rest of the mothers to arrive. Theyve come to learn how to provide nutritious meals for thei
9、r children.These mothers in Myanmar gather together once a month to learn about nutrition and proper hygiene （卫生）. This is valuable information that they had little or no access to before the Samaritans Purse，which has helped meet the needs of people worldwide who are victims of war, poverty, natura
10、l disasters, etc., started mother-to-mother group. The head of the group, Sein Win Mya, is strong and active. She taught women from her village by using informative pictures provided by the Samaritans Purse. Cultural practices and traditions in Myanmar encourage mothers to feed young children only w
11、ith white rice which makes them have little micronutrients, such as iron and various vitamins.Mya guided and taught the group with much confidence. She taught them to prepare healthy food and how to be leaders through her example. Even her 7-year-old daughter seemed to be learning how to lead and se
12、rve the other children. After the class finished, Mya invited the group to her home for a healthy meal she had prepared. After that，Mya often led them on a tour of the village to continue her explanation of nutrition. Gradually more and more mothers and children from the village joined them.As a tea
13、cher, Mya is investing in （为.付出）her community in a way that could transform future generations both physically and mentally. As a mother, she is showing her daughter what it means to sacrifice time and energy to serve others. Mya will surely lead her community into healthier future.4. Why was the mo
14、ther-to-mother group meeting held?A. To introduce a new way of life. B. To share the happy life they had.C. To offer tips on how to care for babies. D. To teach how to raise children healthily.5. What do we know about the Samaritans Purse?A. Its a traditional health-care institution.B. It gives a he
15、lping hand to people in need.C. Its an organization set up to help women.D. It has founded many voluntary groups in Myanmar.6. What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A. Myas teaching is very influential.B. Mya has a great gift for lecturing.C. Myas job is physically demanding.D. Mya likes touring aroun
16、d her village.7. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Sein Win Mya, a good leader of a villageB. Mother-to-mother group can benefit manyC. local mother leads by example in Myanmar D. Women make a big difference to the countrysideCIn the past 40 years, the total number of
17、 Adlie Penguins （阿德利企鹅） been steadily declining. A new study, however, announced the discovery of a previously unknown “supercolony” of more than 1,500,000 Adlie Pen-gums in the Danger Islands of the Antarctic Peninsulas northern tip.“Until recently, the Danger Islands, a chain of remote, rocky, isl
18、ands, werent known to be an important penguin habitat（栖息地） says Heather Lynch, a professor at Stony Brook University； These supercolonies have gone unnoticed for decades, she notes, partly because of the remoteness of the islands themselves, and partly the dangerous waters that surround them. Even i
19、n summer, the nearby ocean is filled with thick sea ice, making them extremely difficult to access.Yet in 2014, Lynch and Mathew Schwaller from NASA discovered guano stains （粪渍） in satellite pictures of the islands,which meant a large number of penguins. To find out for sure, Lynchteamed with Stepha
20、nie Jenouvrier, Mike Polito and Tom Hart to arrange an exploration into the islands with the goal of counting the birds firsthand.In December 2015; they found hundreds of birds and started to calculate by hand. The team also used a commercial drone （无人机）to take pictures of the entire islands. They t
21、hen used a kind of network software to analyze the pictures, searching for the penguin nests autonomously. The accuracy that the drone ensured was the key. The number of penguins could provide understandings not just on changeable penguin population, but also on the effects of changing temperature a
22、nd sea ice on the areas ecology.“the Danger Islands hold the largest population of Adlie penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula. Being able to get an accurate count of the birds in these supercolonies offers a valuable standard forfuture population changes of penguins,” notes Jenouvrier. “Thepopulation
23、 of Adlies on the east sideof the Antarctic Peninsula is different from what we see on the west side, for example. We want to understand why. Is it linked to the extended sea ice condition over there? Food availability? Thats something we need to figure out in the future,” she says.8. What does Para
24、graph 1 mainly focus on?A. The concept of supercolony.B. The discovery of the Danger Islands.C. A newly discovered penguin habitatD. The population decline of Adlie Penguins.9. According to Paragraph 2, the Danger Islands _.A. are circled by large islandsB. are home to various wildlifeC. are a newly
25、 formed chain of islands D. have rough surrounding environment 10. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A. It was really hard to get the accurate study result.B. Modern equipment played an important role in the study.C. The population of the penguins changed the areas ecology.D. The computer helped an
26、alyze the living habits of the penguins.11. What does the last paragraph indicate?A. The study on Adlie penguins still has a long way to go,B. The sea ice condition affects the growth of the penguins greatly.C. The rapid decline of the penguins is mainly caused by food unavailabilityD. The study on
27、Adlie penguins, shows a new way for environmental protection.DThe Swiss have always had a comfortable relationship with their mountains. But no time in a year seems to show that special connection quite like the beginning of summer. Thats when conservationists（环境保护者） make the difficult journey up th
28、ose towering heights while bearing large white blankets.The grand plan? To cover critical sections of the Rhone Glacier - six square miles of ice that is counted as the countrys oldest and most essential glacier v in the UV-resistant （防紫外线的）blankets. While it may seem a gentle gesture, like a mother
29、 taking care of a child for the night, the idea isnt to keep the glacier warm. Its actually the opposite. The blankets are designed to deflect （使偏斜）the suns light, covering the huge glacier up like a freezer bag in the hope of protecting it from the strong heat of the summer sun. And these days, the
30、 worlds glaciers need all the help they can get. With the planet getting warmer every year, glaciers have been melting at a rapid rate.In Switzerland, climate change has increased the Rhone Glaciers typical summer melt which feeds Europes famous Rhne River. As a result, more and more people have tak
31、en up protecting the glaciers with blankets. By covering approximately six acres of the glaciers, the blankets, Volken explains, have reduced the ice melt by as much as 70 percent. But it has made the slope （斜坡）were on only slightly less slippery. And unless people the main culprits in climate change make fundamental changes to address the bigger picture, there wont be enough blankets in the world to ward off the disastrous consequences of rising sea levels.And those dreamy white blankets covering the Rhne Glacier? “It will slow things down for a year or two,” Jean-Pierre
