1、考研英语一真题解析答案2020年考研英语 (一 )真题SeCtiOn I USe Of EnglishDirections:Read the fOllOwing text. ChOOse the best wOrd(s) fOr eaCh numbered blank and mark A, B, C, Or D On the ANSWER SHEET.Even if families dOnt sit dOwn tO eat tOgether as frequently as befOre, milliOns Of BritOns will nOnetheless have gOt a sh
2、are this weekend Of One Of that natiOns great traditiOns: the Sunday rOast. 1 a COld winters day, few Culinary pleasures Can 2 it. Yet as we repOrt nOw. The fOOd pOliCe are determined Our health. That this 3 shOuld be rendered yet anOther quality pleasure 4 tO damage Our health.The FOOd Standards Au
3、thOrity (FSA) has 5 a publiC wOrming abOut the risks Of a COmpOund Called aCrylamide that fOrms in sOme fOOds COOked 6 high temperatures. This means that peOple shOuld 7 Crisping their rOast pOtatOes, rejeCt thin-Crust pizzas and Only 8 tOast their bread. But where is the evidenCe tO suppOrt suCh al
4、armist adviCe? 9 studies have shOwn that aCrylamide Can Cause neurOlOgiCal damage in miCe, there is nO 10 evidenCe that it Causes CanCer in humans.have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle itcould be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice.14 , it was rumoured that smoking c
5、aused cancer for years beforethe evidence was found to prove a 15 .Doubtless a piece of boiled beef can always be 16 up onSunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the Yorkshire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 , theFSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast fo
6、ods 18 , butreduce their lifetime intake. However its 19 risks coming across as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with one listening.1.A.InB.TowardsC.OnD.TillC2.A.matchB.expressC.satisfyD.influence3.A.patienceB.enjoymentC.surpriseD.concernB4.A.intensifiedB.privilegedC.co
7、mpelledD.guaranteedA5.A.issuedB.receivedC.compelledD.guaranteed提交知识点A提交纠错信息 评价难易度6.A.underB.atC.forD.byB7.A.forgetB.regretC.finishD.avoidD8.A.partiallyB.regularlyC.easilyD.initially C9.A.UnlessB.SinceC.IfD.WhileD10.A.secondaryB.externalC.conclusiveD.negativeC11.A.insufficientB.boundC.likelyD.slowB12
8、.A.On the basis ofB.At the cost ofC.In addition toD.In contrast toC13.A.interestingB.advisableC.urgentD.fortunateB14.A.As usualB.In particularC.By definitionD.After allD15.A.resemblanceB.combinationC.connectionD.patternC16.A.madeB.servedC.savedD.usedB17.A.To be fairB.For instanceC.To be briefD.In ge
9、neralA18.A.reluctantlyB.entirelyC.graduallyD.carefullyB19.A.promiseB.experienceC.campaignD.competition A20.A.follow upB.pick upC.open upD.end upSeCtiOn Reading ComPrehensionPart AText 1A grouP of labour MPs, among them Yvette CooPer, are bringing in the new year with a Call to institute a UK town of
10、 Culture award. The ProPosal is that it should sit alongside the existing City of Culture title, whiCh was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for zoz1. CooPer and her Colleagues argue that the suCCess of the Crown for Hull, Where it brought in 220m of investment and an avalanche o
11、f arts, out not to be Confined to Cities. Britain town, it is true are not Prevented from aPPlying, but they generally lack the resources to Put together a bit to beat their bigger comPetitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs
12、.Some might see the ProPosal as a boo by Prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to aPPly for the much more Prestigious title of EuroPean caPital of culture, a sough-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and LiverPool in 2008. A cynic might sPeculate that the UK is on the verge of disaP
13、Pearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desPeration to reinvent itself for the Post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run yea
14、r of culture washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press fo
15、r a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light. It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community. g
16、roups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgows year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A town of culture could be not just about the arts but
17、 about honouring a towns peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.1.Copper and her colleague argue that a town of culture award would .A.consolidate the town city ties in BritainB.promote cooperation among
18、 Brains townsC.increase the economic strength of brain s townsD.focus Brains limited resources on cultural eventsD2.According to paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as .A.a sensible compromiseB.a self-deceiving attempC.an eye-catching bonusD.an inaccessible targetB3.The author sugges
19、ts that a title holder is successful only if itA.endeavor to maintain its imageB.meets the aspiration of its peopleC.brings its local arts to prominenceD.commits to its long-term growthD4.Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present .A.a contrasting caseB.a supporting exampleC.a background storyD.
20、a related topicB5.What is the author s attitude towards the proposal? A.SkepticalB.ObjectiveC.FavorableD.CriticalCText 2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money.Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward.
21、Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the production of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century,
22、 university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing industry is in existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific pepers p
23、roduced in the world, made profits of more than 900m IaSt year, while UK UniVerSitieS alone SPent more than 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded reSearch; both figureS Seem to riSe unStoPPably deSPite increaSinglydesperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, an
24、d thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every paywalled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have them
25、selves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among is users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towars open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies. In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all Bri
26、tish scientific research is now published under open access terms: either freely available from the moment of publication, or paywalled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the univers
27、ities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their product free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs Of PreParingan article. TheSe range from around 500 to $5,000. A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these “article PrePa
28、ration costs” had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation. In some ways the scientific Publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet: labour is Provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both c
29、ases, we need a rebalancing of power.1.Scientific publishing is seen as“ a licence to print money” partly because .A.its funding has enjoyed a steady increaseB.its marketing strategy has been successfulC.its payment for peer review is reducedD.its content acquisition costs nothingD2.According to Par
30、agraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have .A.thrived mainly on university librariesB.gone through an existential crisisC.revived the publishing industryD.financed researchers generously A3.How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? A.RelievedB.PuzzledC.ConcernedD.Encouraged4.I
31、t can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms .A.allow publishers some room to make moneyB.render publishing much easier for scientistsC.reduce the cost of publication substantiallyD.free universities from financial burdens A5.Which of the following characteristics the scientific publishing mode? A.Trial subscription is offeredB.Labour triumphs over atstusC.Costs are well controlledD.The few feed on the manyDText 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But al
