高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编专题05 阅读理解.docx
- 文档编号:6199553
- 上传时间:2023-05-09
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:30
- 大小:37.46KB
高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编专题05 阅读理解.docx
《高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编专题05 阅读理解.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编专题05 阅读理解.docx(30页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编专题05阅读理解
专题05阅读理解
一、2019年高考真题
1、【2019北京卷】阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Wanttoexplorenewcultures,meetnewpeopleanddosomethingworthwhileatthesametime?
YoucandoallthethreewithGlobalDevelopmentAssociation(GDA).Whateverstageoflifeyou'reat,whereveryougoandwhateverprojectyoudoinGDA,you'llcreatepositivechangesinapoorandremotecommunity(社区).
Weworkwithvolunteersofallagesandbackgrounds.Mostofourvolunteersareaged17-24.Nowweneedvolunteermanagersaged25-75.Theyareextremelyimportantinthesafeandeffectiverunningofourprogrammes.Wehavesuchrolesasprojectmanagers,mountainleaders,andcommunicationofficers.
Dependingonwhichroleyouchoose,youcouldhelptoincreaseacommunity'saccesstosafedrinkingwater,orhelptoprotectvaluablelocalcultures.Youmightalsodesignanadventurechallengetotrainyoungvolunteers.
Notonlywillyouhelpouryoungvolunteerstodeveloppersonally,you'llalsolearnnewskillsandincreaseyourculturalawareness.Youmayhavechancestomeetnewpeoplewho'llbecomeyourlifelongfriends.
Thissummerwehaveboth4-weekand7-weekprogrammes:
Country
Schedule
4-weekprogrammes
7-weekprogrammes
Algeria
5Jul.-1Aug.
20Jun.-7Aug.
Egypt
24Jul-20Aug.
19Jun.-6Aug.
Kenya
20Jul.-16Aug.
18Jun.-5Aug.
SouthAfrica
2Aug.-29Aug.
15Jun.-2Aug.
GDAensuresthatvolunteersworkwithcommunitymembersandlocalprojectpartnerswhereourhelpisneeded.Allourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.
ThereisnootherchancelikeaGDAprogramme.Joinusasavolunteermanagertodevelopyourownskillswhilebringingbenefitstothecommunities.
FindoutmoreaboutjoiningaGDAprogramme:
Website:
w+w=wglodeve.org
Email:
humanresources@glodeve.org
1.Whatisthemainresponsibilityofvolunteermanagers?
A.ToseeklocalpartnersB.Totakeinyoungvolunteers
C.TocarryoutprogrammesD.Tofosterculturalawareness
2.TheprogrammebeginninginAugustwilloperatein____.
A.EgyptB.AlgeriaC.KenyaD.SouthAfria
3.ThesharedgoalofGDA’sprojectsto____.
A.explorenewculturesB.protecttheenvironment
C.gaincorporatebenefitD.helpcommunitiesinneed
2、【2019江苏卷】Inthe1960s,whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat,oddly,hadnottroubledanyonebefore:
hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.
Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,thinkoftheclassiccone(圆锥体)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma(岩浆)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype,butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.
JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.
1.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?
A.Itscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.
B.Itsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.
C.Themysterioushistoryofthepark.
D.Theexactlocationofthevolcano.
2.Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout?
A.Theshapesofvolcanoes.B.Theimpactsofvolcanoes.
C.Theactivitiesofvolcanoes.D.Theheightsofvolcanoes.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?
A.Hot-airballoon.B.Digitalcamera.C.Bigphotograph.D.Bird'sview.
3、【2019浙江卷】Moneywithnostringsattached.It’snotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,"GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed."
Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.“Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveandtook,”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject."Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars."Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.
“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,”Bridgessaid.“There’sacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost."Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.
Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.
“Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,"hesaid.“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”
1.What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean?
A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.
B.Moneynotlegallymade.
C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.
D.Moneynottiedtogether.
2.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?
A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.
B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.
C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.
D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.
3.Why did Bridges carry out the project?
A.Todoatestonpeople’smorals.
B.Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.
C.Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.
D.Topromotekindnessandsympathy.
4、【2019天津卷】Howdoesanecosystem(生态系统)work?
Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?
Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?
Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.
Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator(掠食动物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(猎物),thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction(灭绝)ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.
Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies---includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.
Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.
Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssaysbecauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint(临界点),itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.
1.Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs?
A.Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.
B.Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.
C.Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.
D.Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.
2.Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator______
A.hasawidefoodchoice
B.caneasilyfindnewprey
C.stickstoonepreyspecies
D.canquicklymovetoanotherplace
3.Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline?
A.Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.
B.Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.
C.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.
D.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.
4.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4?
A.Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyups
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高考英语真题模拟试题专项汇编专题05 阅读理解 高考 英语 模拟 试题 专项 汇编 专题 05 阅读 理解