1、高考英语基本句型复习学案2014高考英语基本句型复习学案一英语基本句型-1主系表结构/S (主）+（lv)( 系动词）+ P（表） 本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的：be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound;2.表示状态延续的：remain, stay, keep, continue, stand;3.表示状态变化的：become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;如：Our English teacher is t
2、hirty years old. The cake tastes delicious. We feel used to living in big cities. The potatoes went bad in the fields. Their boss seems satisfied with the work. Deep water stays still.巩固练习1：2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。3孩子们很少保持安静。4她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。5他失业了。二英语基本句型-2主谓结构/S(主）+ Vi（不及物动词）（谓） 本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的
3、动作。如：The sun rises. Tom has already left.主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。如：1. The red sun rises in the east. 2. So they had to travel by air or boat. 3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus. 4. She sat there alone, reading a novel.巩固练习2：1她昨天回家很晚。2会议将持续两个小时。3在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大三英语基本句型-3主谓宾结构/S (主）+ Vt （
4、及物动词）（谓）+ O（宾） 本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。如：1. Tom made a hole in the wall. 2. I dont know if he can come tomorrow. 3. They havent decided where to go next. 4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 5. It took them ten years to build the dam. 7. Mother promises to give me a present
5、.巩固练习3：1昨晚我写了一封信。2今天下午我想同你谈谈。3这本书他读过多次了。4他们成功地完成了计划。5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。四英语基本句型4 双宾语结构/S (主)+VT（谓）+ InO（间接宾）+ DO（直接宾） 说明：此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。 如：He brings me cookies every day.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。 如：He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me.用to侧
6、重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等；（需借助for 的）buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。巩固练习4：1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。3请把那本字典递给我好
7、吗？4他把车票给列车员看。5我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？五英语基本句型5 复合宾语结构/S (主）+ VT（谓）+ O（宾）+ O C（宾补） 说明: 此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如：The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing. You must get your hair cut. They made Tom monitor. He used to do his homework
8、 with his radio on.用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.巩固练习5：1我们叫她Alice.2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3他们把小偷释放了。 4我要你把真相告诉我。5 .卫兵命令我们立即离开。 六英语基本句型6 There be 句型 说明： 此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有”。它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，t
9、here 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。 此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如：There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。 巩固练习6：1这个村子过去只有一口井。2客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。3天气预报说下午有大风。4灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。5战前这儿一直有家电影院的. 英语基本句型
10、天天练（一）主谓结构1.她昨天回家很晚。2.会议将持续两个小时。3.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。4.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生5.1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。6.这个盒子重五公斤。7.秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。8.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。9.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。（二）系表结构1.冬季白天短，夜晚长。2.布朗夫人看起来很健康。3.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。4.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。5.他失业了。6.树叶已经变黄了。7.这个报告听起来很有意思。（三）主谓宾结构1.昨晚我写了一封信。2.他们成功地完成了计划。3.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。4.J
11、im还不会自己穿衣服。5.我们大家都相信Jack是一个诚实男孩。6.他不知道说什么好。7.我开窗户你在意吗？短语动词1.他指出了我的作文中的错误。2.圣诞节我们将去看望外籍教师。3.五分钟内我们是不可能解出这道题来的。4.他们高度赞扬了英雄的业迹。5.这位护士会好好照顾你父亲的。6.你在工作中可依靠他。7.写完作文后，我们必须把它从头到尾看一遍。8.脱掉你的外套，走前再穿。9.我们必须派人去请医生。（四）复合宾语结构1.他的父母给他取名为John.2.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。3.他们把门推开了。4.我们要使学校变得更美丽。5.我要你把真相告诉我。6.明天我要找人来修理机器。7.每天早晨我们都
12、听到他大声朗读英语。8.痛苦使得他叫喊起来。9.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。10.他每个月理一次发。11.我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。12.那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了。13.她正在听人家讲故事。14.我从来没看见这个字这样用过。15.他感到很难跟你交谈。16.我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。17.学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。18.我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。（五）There be句型1.今晚没有会。2.这个村子过去只有一口井。3.这个学校有一名音乐老师和两名美术老师。4.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。5.天气预报说下午有大风。6.灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。7.战前这儿一直有家电影
13、院的。8.恰好那时房里没人。9.从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。10.公共汽车来了。11.在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。12.铃响了。简单句基本句型1.这本书让孩子们读太难了.3.他发现他们坐在桌旁下棋.4.老人凝望着照片,陷入了沉思.5.他查阅英汉词典以查明这个词确切的含义.6.只有这样你们才有希望改善那里的局势.7.要她用现金买车是不可能的.8.铃响了.让我们开始上课.9.我们确实有自己的校车.10.每天一定要留出半个小时进行口语练习.并列句基本句型1.再努力一下,你肯定能考上重点大学.2.别再粗心了,否则你意识不到会犯同样的错误.3.天下着雨,因此野餐被延期.4.她以为我正谈
14、论她的女儿,然而事实上我正在谈论我的女儿.5.他不仅冲洗汽车,而且又擦拭了它.6.小明肯定在家,因为他家的灯亮着.7.昨天早上九点雨下得很大,因此我们没去划船.8.正当我在街上闲逛时,我看见一家裁缝店.9.不是她对了,就是你对了.名词性从句基本句型1.今年这所大学将招收更多的学生是真的.2.问题在于他是否在合同上签了字.3.他想当然地认为花费将会很低.4.你想她为什么突然大哭起来?5.无论谁做应该迅速做好.6.他保持沉默的原因是因为他失败了.7.消息传来,前线急需医务人员.8.我想他下午不会来.9.养成良好的学习习惯对我们来说是非常重要的.10.毫无疑问现在英语是世界上用得最广泛的语言之一.定
15、语从句1.他不来北京的理由是下月他们将开科学大会.2.他完成工作的方式令我们吃惊.3.她又改变了主意,这使我们大家都生气了.状语从句1.虽然他累了,但是他坚持工作.2.虽然他是位伟大的科学家,但是他仍保持谦虚而且在大学担任普通教师工作.3.如果你不想冒失败的危险,你可以试一试.4老师叫我们在有问题的地方打上记号.5.鸟飞得越高,我们就越看不清楚.6.他一声不吭地坐着,仿佛在深思.7.这女孩谈钢琴不是因为她喜欢弹钢琴,而是因为她父亲强制她学.各种句式的综合运用翻译1.就在教师节那天我送给英语老师一束花表示对她的尊敬.2.花了几个月时间修建了通往省城的道路.3.凭借录音机的帮助,我感到很容易改进我
16、的语音.4.所有的学生都知道,人人都应该在校至少读九年直到初中毕业为止.5.我原先希望能准时到达,但是因为大雾飞行航班延误了.6.接受她的邀请吧,不然她会生气的.7.明天早晨早些出发,那么午饭前你肯定能到城里.8.他说他宁可用一部分时间打工挣钱而不向朋友借.9.我的意见是我们应该弄清楚有利条件和不利条件.10.窃贼正要逃走时警察赶到了.11.这位优秀生在考试中得了高分,结果被一家名牌大学录取了.12.老人穿马路时眼睛盯着红绿灯看.13.随着这男孩的长大,他的父母对他越来越失望了.14.我从来不准在会场抽烟,要抽烟的都必须离开办公大楼.15.这是你第一次病得这么厉害吗?16.即使目前没有人理解我
17、们,我们也将坚持我们的研究工作.17.这两位陌生人在交谈,就好像是多年的老朋友似的.18.直到火被熄灭后消防队员们才离开那个地方.19.到过乡下的任何一个人都知道你所谈及的事不可能发生在中国的乡村.20.这男孩不仅长高了许多而且成了好学生.21.我们学校大多数用功的学生都可能进入好大学.22.正在印刷中的教科书将替代去年使用的课本.23.他们住在一幢大房子里,房子的前面有一个花园.24.我认为买一本大的英汉词典很有必要.25.你一定丢失了什么东西,不然不会看起来这么担忧.26.据报道,那个国家的军队正在攻击它的邻国.27.有老师的帮助和鼓励,学生们取得了越来越好的成绩.28.只有当你理解领会了
18、这种知识,才能把它记住.29.过了一个月他才回家,结果他的叔父已经离开了.30.要是当初你听了张老师的劝告,你就不会惹上这麻烦.31.看到孩子们手拿鲜花走进大厅,我们全都站了起来.英语基本句型练习答案巩固练习答案1：1In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.2At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist.3Children seldom keep quiet.4Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.5He
19、is out of work.巩固练习答案2：1. She went home very late yesterday evening.2. The meeting will last two hours.3. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.4. The May Fourth Movement broke outin Beijing in 1919.5. Classes begin at eight every day.巩固练习答案3：1. I wrote a letter last n
20、ight.2. I want to talk with you this afternoon.3. He has read this book many times.4. They have carried out the plan successfully.5. That gentleman can speak three languages fluently.巩固练习答案4：1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year.2.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.3.Would you please
21、pass me the dictionary?4.He showed the ticket to the conductor.5.Shall I call you a taxi?巩固练习答案5：1.We call her Alice.2.All of us considered him honest.3.They have set the thief free.4.I want you to tell me the truth.5.The guards ordered us to leave at once.巩固练习答案6：1.There was only a well in the vill
22、age.2.Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen.3.The weatherman says therell be a strong wind in the afternoon.4.The light is on. There must be someone ion the office.5.There used to be a cinema here before the war.句子翻译练习答案：1. They are talking face to face./ They are having a face
23、-to face talk.2. According to John, there is going to be a meeting next week.3. He got up early in order to catch the first bus.4. How are you getting along with your classmates?5. We are all concerned about his safety.6. Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to?7. How are you getting
24、along / on recently?8. We have been good friends for ten years.9. He asked a second question before I could answer the first one.10. I keep a diary as most people do.高中英语基本句型天天练参考答案：1.She went home very late yesterday evening. 2.The meeting will last two hours. 3.Great changes have taken place in my
25、 home town in the past ten years. 4.Things of this sort are happening all over the world every day. 5.The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919. 6.This box weighs five kilos. 7.In autumn, some birds fly to the south. 8.My grandfather gets up early in the morning. 9.Every afternoon a lot o
26、f students come to the library to borrow books. 1.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 2.Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 3.At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist. 4.Her job is to look after the children in the nursery. 5.He is out of work. 6.The leaves have turned yellow. 7
27、.The report sounds interesting.1.I wrote a letter last night. 2.They have carried out the plan successfully.3.You must finish reading these books in two weeks. 4.Jim cannot dress himself.5.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 6.He did not know what to say.7.Do you mind my opening the window
28、? 1.He pointed out（副） the mistakes in my composition. 2.On Christmas Day, we will call on（介）our foreign teachers. 3.We cannot work out（副） the problem in five minutes. 4.They sang high praise for the deeds of the hero. 5.The nurse will take good care of your father. 6.You can depend on（介） him in your
29、 work. 7.After writing a composition, we must go over（介）it. 8.Take off your coat and put it on（副） before you leave. 9.We must send for（介） a doctor. 1.His parents named him John. 2.All of us considered him honest. 3.They pushed the door open. 4.We will make our school more beautiful. 5. I want you to
30、 tell me the truth. 6. Tomorrow Ill have someone repair the machine. 7.Every morning we hear him read English aloud. 8.The pain made him cry out. 9.We wont let her go out at night. 10.He has his hair cut once a month. 11.Ill get my recorder repaired. 12.The terrible sound made the children frightene
31、d. 13.She is listening to someone telling stories. 14.I have never seen the word used that way before. 15.He felt it very difficult to talk with you. 16. I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way. 17.The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins. 18.I thought it no use t
