1、新标准大学英语综合教程3课后练习答案Unit 3Unit 3Language points1 For lack of a better terminology, one might name these: (1) the sensuous plane, (2) the expressive plane, (3) the sheerly musical plane. (Para 1)The expression for lack of a better terminology is used to introduce rather inexact terms. It means since we
2、 dont have any exact terms, Im going to use these rather rough terms.The word sensuous suggests physical pleasure which relates to your physical senses rather than to your emotions and thoughts.A plane is a level of thought, development or existence.The word sheer is used to emphasize the amount or
3、degree of something. The sheerly musical plane refers to the level of the musical material, melodies, rhythms, harmonies etc. The sheer pleasure (Para 2, Line 2) means great or pure pleasure.2 The only advantage to be gained from mechanically splitting up the listening process into these hypothetica
4、l planes is (Para 1)The word hypothetical means to be based on situations or events that seem possible rather than on actual ones. Here, the planes are not real, they are just part of a model for analysis and discussion.3 One turns on the radio while doing something else and absent-mindedly bathes i
5、n the sound. A kind of brainless but attractive state of mind is engendered by the mere sound appeal of the music. (Para 2)To bathe means to swim or wash yourself in a bath, river or lake. To bathe in the sound means to immerse yourself in the sound, like in water.To engender means to cause a feelin
6、g or attitude to exist. The expression engendered by the mere sound appeal means to be created only by the appeal or attraction of the sound.4 Music allows them to leave it . dreaming because of and apropos of the music yet never quite listening to it. (Para 3)The expression apropos of means relatin
7、g to; it is used to introduce something else about the subject you are talking about. The expression is derived from French, and the final -s is silent in pronunciation.5 . but you must not allow it to usurp a disproportionate share of your interest. The sensuous plane is an important one in music .
8、 but it does not constitute the whole story. (Para 4)To usurp means to take a job or position that belongs to someone else without having the right to do this.The sentence you must not allow it to usurp a disproportionate share of your interest means dont let it take up a wrong amount of your intere
9、st.The expression it does not constitute the whole story means there is more to it than this.6 Here, immediately, we tread on controversial ground. (Para 5)The expression we tread on controversial ground contains a metaphor: These are ideas that some people will probably disagree about or not approv
10、e of.7 Composers have a way of shying away from any discussion of musics expressive side. (Para 5)To shy away from something means to avoid someone or be unwilling to do something because you are nervous, afraid or not confident.8 Is it pessimistically sad or resignedly sad; is it fatefully sad or s
11、milingly sad? (Para 6)The word resignedly means with resignation, accepting that something unpleasant must happen or that you cannot change it. The whole sentence gives nuances shades of meaning of different kinds of sadness: sadness which has a feeling of pessimism (things are bad and we cant chang
12、e them easily), sadness to which we may feel resigned we accept it, sadness that we feel is part of our fate we cant avoid it and it is part of our life, and sadness that also has humour, so we smile even though we feel sad.9 It is very important for all of us to become more alive to music on its sh
13、eerly musical plane. (Para 9)To become / be alive to something means to know that something is happening and realize how important it is.10 After all, an actual musical material is being used . He must hear the melodies, the rhythms, the harmonies, the tone colors in a more conscious fashion. (Para
14、9)The musical materials refer to the elements of music, usually discussed under the headings of melody (the tune), rhythm (the effects of time or duration of the beats of music, the pulse), harmony (how the notes of music combine with each other in chords or sequences of notes), tone color (how the
15、precise sound of notes can vary), and form (how the music is organized with all the elements and patterns of repetition and variation).11 Perhaps an analogy with what happens to us when we visit the theater will make this instinctive correlation clearer. (Para 11)An analogy is a comparison between t
16、wo situations, processes etc, that is intended to show that the two are similar. That the two things are analogous means the same things are true of or relevant to both of them.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make up or form something (constitute
17、)2 happening or done at the same time (simultaneously)3 able to do something because you have the knowledge, skill, or experience that is needed (qualified)4 a regular pattern of sounds in music that you can show by moving, hitting your hands together, or hitting a drum or other surface (rhythm)5 to
18、 receive or obtain something from something else (derive)6 someone who writes music, especially classical music (composer)7 as much as is needed (sufficiently)5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.Johann Sebastian Bach is possibly the greatest (1) composer the wor
19、ld has ever known. His Well-Tempered Clavichord (2) constitutes one of the most complete works for keyboard ever written. It is (3) simultaneously both a series of technical exercises which explore the possibilities of the keyboard, and a masterpiece of expressive feeling. Although he was a highly (
20、4) qualified musician (as an organist and a choirmaster), he was not considered to be (5) sufficiently “modern” by the generation which followed him, and he was soon forgotten. But his music was rediscovered in the 19th century, for its perfect sense of (6) rhythm and harmony. Indeed, many of the gr
21、eat composers of the 20th century, such as Stravinsky, (7) derived a lot of their musical ideas from him.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 Shh! Theyre about to announce the winner of this years Internati
22、onal Piano Competition. (proclaim)2 Its quite easy to make a comparison between poetry and music. (analogy)Its quite easy to make an analogy between poetry and music.3 We are amazed by her ability to express herself with great clearness and simplicity. (clarity)4 How many artists have given up every
23、thing for the cause of their art? (for the sake of)5 Internet emerges as a powerful and effective force in advertising new products. (potent)6 I enjoyed the performance, but I thought the clothes the actors were wearing were a bit silly. (costumes)7 Answer the questions about the words and expressio
24、ns.1 If you split something up, do you (a) divide it into parts, or (b) put the parts together?2 If you do something absent-mindedly, are you (a) thinking about what you are doing, or (b) thinking about something else?3 Do you look for consolation (a) after a piece of bad news, or (b) after a piece
25、of good news?4 If you are treading on controversial ground, are you (a) taking a risk, or (b) making everybody happy?5 If you shy away from something, do you (a) keep close to it, or (b) keep your distance from it?6 If you pin something down, are you (a) able to examine it carefully, or (b) unable t
26、o examine it carefully?7 If you know the melody of a piece of music, are you familiar with (a) the tune, or (b) the meaning of the music?8 Is an instinctive reaction to something (a) automatic, or (b) one which follows a lot of thought?Reading and interpreting8 Work in pairs and choose the best answ
27、er to the questions.1 Which is the writers main purpose?(a) To show how complex listening to music is.(b) To get people to listen to music more.(c) To discourage some people from listening to music.(d) To get people to think about how they listen to music.2 Who does the writer address as you?(a) Mus
28、icians.(b) Theatregoers.(c) Composers.(d) Intelligent music lovers.9 Check () the statements you agree with. 1 The analysis the writer makes is a fair and accurate one.Yes, I think this is a reasonable analysis of listening to music.2 He describes the sensuous listener in negative terms.He does ment
29、ion some negative aspects of sensuous listening but he says several times that we listen in all three ways, so I dont think he is actually negative about this way. 3 He thinks all great music is expressive.He doesnt actually say this, but this seems to be his point of view.4 He thinks most listeners
30、 are not intelligent enough.No, he doesnt say this. He says most listeners are not conscious enough of the third plane, but that doesnt mean they arent intelligent. 5 He is probably a professional musician.I guess this is true because of his knowledge of Stravinsky and Bach, and his insights into th
31、e effective way of listening to music. 6 He is probably a good teacher.I think so because of his way of explaining the three planes and because of the way he uses the analogy of the theatre, which non-musician might appreciate.Active reading (2)Language points1 We know his work includes paintings of
32、 religious and mythological themes, domestic interiors and landscapes. (Para 2)Domestic interiors are the inside of households with the rooms, furniture and decorations. Landscapes are paintings of an area of land, showing the scenery sometimes with people but the focus mostly on nature.2 While Griet goes about her duties, she attracts the attention not only of a butchers boy, Pieter, but also of the painter himself. (Para 6)To go about her duties means to do the work that sh
