1、高考一轮复习资料高考一轮复习资料改错题改错题答题技巧：一、冠词：习惯用法二、名词：单复数三、代词：1、代词的一致性；2、引导从句的从属连词用法四、形容词副词：1、词义；2、词性；3、比较等级结构五、动词：1、时态一致性；2、动词的语态；3、非谓语动词；4、动词短语六、介词：习惯短语七、从句：从属连词的用法一 短文改错常见错误类型1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点 常见动词错误类型有 一般现在时与一般过去时错用； and 前后动词时态不一致; 主谓不一致; 缺少动词,特别是be动词; 第三人称单数形式错用; 主动语态和被动语态错用。1） They did not want me to d
2、o any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.（did 改为do 错误类型属于 ）2） As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting 改为 visited错误类型属于) 3） There will an important game next month.(will后加be错误类型属于) 4）One evening she told me that something ha
3、ppened when her parents was out.( 主谓不一致) 2. 名词的常见错误 单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。 Ill get good marks in all my subject.（subject 改为subjects） Their word were a great encouragement to me.（word 改为words） Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.（knowledges改为knowledge） 3. 连词错误
4、连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等（一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ） I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式改为whose) I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为 and) Clever as she is, but she works very hard. When I was a
5、 child, rain was a mystery. In one class, I learned it rained. 4. 冠词错误 误用a和an（根据单词的因素来判定）；误用a 和the（固定搭配，各自单独使用的地方） 多余的冠词或则少冠词。 We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the the same 是固定搭配) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of pants.（mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加 a ） My teache
6、r advised me to keep my dairy. I hope you have pleasant journey.5. 形容词和副词错误1) 系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel）2) 词性的误用 形容词修饰名词 修饰 实义动词，形容词和副词，过去分词用副词 Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. （time是名词 所以要用形容词wonderful修饰） My pronunciation was terribly. 6. 代词错误 1）代词的主格和
7、宾格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them ）2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）3）代词的单数和复数4）多余的代词和少代词 Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (express oneself, me 改为 myself ) One day I wrote a little story and s
8、howed to my teacher. (加it) If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. Whats more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him.7. 非谓语动词的常见错误1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。2）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 Soon I b
9、egan to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was. (enjoy 后需接动名词 talk-talking) But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(作主语 改为 going ) Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside
10、 with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees.8. 介词错误1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用 There are too many people among my family. （among 改为in in my family 为固定搭配） I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （去掉 at ）二短文改错解题思路和检查原则1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子
11、要有动词；2）谓语动词的时态、语态；3）非谓语动词的用法；4）名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误；7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。短文改错解题四原则1）改动以最少为原则 2）虚词以添加或删除为原则 3）实词以改变词形为原则4）以保持句子原意为原则 短文改错解题步骤1）通读全文，掌握大意 2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反复通读，复查验证解题注意要点和能力培养 核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方。可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1126”等题型比例。正确1个，多一词1个，
12、缺词2个，错词6个。 核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。原文中每行改动只能改一词，答案也只能是一词。 核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大写和拼写等问题 如有两行都难以找到错误时，与其乱改一行，不如都打“”以确保一行正确。 从作文入手，提高自身语言运用素质 合作学习，帮批帮改，提高识错、纠错能力 精炼短文改错，抓好写、比、改三步例题分析Tom and Dick are next door neighbor who work 1._in the same office so they walked toget
13、her to and from 2._office. Some day as they were walking home together it 3._sudden started to rain. Tom quickly opened his umbrella 4._and said, My wife surely has foresight (预见) . She said 5._on this morning it would rain and told me to carry my 6._umbrella with me. Dick smiled and walked to him,
14、said, 7._My wife has even great foresight. She told me not to 8._carry an umbrella and as she knew you would certainly 9._have with you. 10._ 首先 通读全文，掌握大意 此文讲述的是邻居Tom 和Dick 的故事。整句分析，逐行推敲 第二遍阅读后 容易改出的题有 1.2.4.6.10 然后先看前6项 第3项 翻译整句为：有一天当他们一起走路回家时天突然开始下雨了。Some day 不能表示有一天，属于固定搭配中修饰词有误。 第5项，由于对foresight
15、的意思和用法不清楚，不能轻易改动。暂放一边。现在看710 项。第7项 翻译意思：Dick 笑了笑并且走向他（Tom），说到.，翻译后很容易可以看出said前有一个逗号，and 连接的动词只有smiled 和 walked。说明此处有错。第8题，又出现了foresight。现在来比较第5项和第8项的两个句子。1）My wife surely has foresight (预见) 我的妻子肯定地作出了预见 （Toms wife）2）My wife has even great foresight。 我的妻子作出了更大的预见 (Dicks wife)比较两句后 可以判断这里的foresight不是一
16、个动词而是一个不可数名词。可以判定great有错。并可以反推第5项应该没有错误。(Dick 的妻子说的话明显有比较的含义并且这样才能突出文章的幽默感)第9项理清句子结构后，可以看出有一词是多余的。 总结错误考查点有1.名词单复数2.时态 3. 固定搭配 4。词性5.多余的介词和连接词 6.非谓语 7.形容词的比较级8.少了代词。题型比例 1个正确，缺词1个，多词2个，错词6个(一)Most families in China hoped their single children will 76_have a happy future, so they are very strict in t
17、heir children. 77_So do teachers in schools! Many children are given so much 78_homework that they have hardly any spare time have sports. 79_The children are forbidden to do anything but to study. No 80_wonder so many children are tired of lessons. Some even 81_attack or kill his parents and teache
18、rs! I believe many people 82_already read this kind of news in newspapers or magazines. 83_Shouldnt we draw lesson from the accidents? Now our 84_government is making out a plan to solve the education problems. 85_ （二）Nowadays, almost every family has TV set, and almost 76_everyone likes watching TV
19、. TV has become part of our lives. 77_TV has many advantages, for example, it informs us the 78_latest news which is happening in the world; it can open our 79_eyes, enlarge our knowledge and also help us to see more 80_about the world But, it also has some disadvantages. People 81_waste too much ti
20、me in watching TV and his normal life 82_and work are affected To the children who they spend too 83_much time in watching TV, it can do harmful to their sight 84_and healthy. So we should control the time of watching TV. 85_ （三）A few months after returning the US from Germany, I took 76._part in a
21、college course in French. Since I have learned 77._to say German well in Germany, I thought it might be 78._interested to begin studying another language. At the 79._first class, the teacher asked us to do a pronunciation 80._exercise in it he would say a word or two in French, and 81._each student
22、would do their best to copy. When he got to 82._me, he kept having me to say more words, and I 83._finally asked him why. I find it great fun, she explained 84._it. In 25 years of teaching at school, its the first time 85._Ive heard an American speak French with a German accent. （四） The Huaihe River
23、 has been serious polluted. Day and night 76._millions of tons of waste water is being poured down to it from 77._ hundreds of factories. The waste water is harmful. At present 78._ there is no fish in it. The river water cannot be drunk. People in 79._ either bank have to dig wells to take drinking
24、 water. The Huaihe 80._ River is such dirty and poisonous that people dont dare swim 81._in it. Something must be done to stopping the pollution. The 82._ government and the people near the river must try to clear water 83._as soon as possible. Now special attention has paid to the 84._ pollution by
25、 the government and more scientists. The pollution 85._ will be prevented in the near future. （五）Dear Abby,How are you? Today Ive got a wonderful news to tell you. 76._I have offered a scholarship at a university in Australia for my 77._further education. One hundred and twenty students took exam 78
26、._for it, but only a few was chosen and I was one of them. However, 79._my parents are not happy about it. They are strong against me 80._going there. They say it is too far away that they will not see me 81._for a whole year and they are afraid of I will feel lonely. They 82._cant imagine a girl so
27、 young live alone. They advise me to study 83._in the capital instead. Then Ill be able to continue living with 84._them. How can I persuade them to accept the fact I have grown up? 85._Best wishes, Jane 参考答案： (一) 76. hopedhope 77. inwith 78. doare 79. have前加to 80. 去掉第二个to 81. 82. his their 83. alre
28、ady前加have 84. lesson前加a 85. makingcarrying（二） 76. has后加a 77. liveslife 78. us后加of 79. whichthat 80. 81. ButHowever 82. histheir 83. 去掉they84. harmfulharm 85. healthyhealth（三） 76. returning后加to 77. havehad 78. sayspeak 79. interestedinteresting80. 81. itwhich 82. theirhis 83. 去掉to 84. shehe 85. 去掉it
29、（四） 76. seriousseriously 77. tointo 78. 79. inon 80. takeget 81. suchso 82. stoppingstop 83. water前加the 84. paid前加been 85. 去掉more（五）76. 去掉a 77. have后加been 78. examexams 79. waswere 80. strongstrongly 81. tooso 82. 去掉of 83. liveliving 84. 85. fact后加that练习23（2004全国2） On Thursday I will have to decide
30、what I want myself 76. _do over a weekend. I am thinking of making a trip 77. _to London, and visit the British Museum and some 78. _parks. But I have spent lost my money, so I cannot 79. _even go out of town. I may go to a film, or a concert. 80. _Yes, a concert can be very excited. You can watch your 81. _stars while e
