1、上海市高三二模考试英语汇编 简答题 无答案2012届上海市高三二模英语试卷简答(崇明)In so many ways, cyberspace(网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love.Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a perso
2、n is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. Rather, a persons thoughtsor at least the thoughts they typeare what really count. So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star.Usually, this “faceless” communication doesnt create problems.
3、Identity doesnt really matter when youre in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the ideas themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests?But some Internet users want mo
4、re than just someone to chat with. Theyre looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably.Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couple
5、s to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesnt get in the way.But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefull
6、y craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they dont have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. In a sense, theyre not really themselves.All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big pro
7、blem in a love relationship. With so many unknowns, its easy to let ones imagination “fill in the blanks.” This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different than the real person.So, before looking for love in cyberspac
8、e, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: “Life in the real world is far richer than anything youll find on a computer screen.” (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. We learn about a person in cyberspace only through _.82. Why is the I
9、nternet a great place for exciting conversation?83. What makes online love relationship often fail?84. From the passage we can learn that the writer _ looking for love on the Internet.81. the thoughts they type / the words on a computer screen82. Because people focus on the ideas while talking. / Be
10、cause it puts emphasis on the ideas themselves.83. Communicating with an imaginary person. / Not truly knowing a person.84. disagrees with / objects to / is against（奉贤）Culture shock is so named because of the effect it has on people when they enter a new culture. Experts have been interested in thes
11、e effects and have agreed on five basic stages of culture shock. These stages are general and should only be used as a reference. Not every individual will go through each stage, and one stage may last longer than another for different individuals.The hardest thing for most travelers to deal with is
12、 the emotional “roller coaster” they seem to be riding. One moment they feel very positive toward the new culture, and the next moment very negative. It seems common that international visitors and immigrants vacillate（犹豫不定）between loving and hating a new country. Feelings of separation and alienati
13、on can be intensified if they do not have a sense of fitting in or belonging.Fatigue is another problem people face when entering a new culture. There can be a sense of greater need for sleep. This is due not only to physical tiredness, but also to mental fatigue. This mental fatigue comes from stra
14、ining to comprehend the language, and coping with new situation.The impact of culture shock can vary from person to person. There can be significant differences because some people may be better prepared to enter a new culture. Four factors which play into these are personality, language ability, le
15、ngth of stay, and the emotional support received.It is logical to think that when people are deprived of heir familiar surroundings they will feel disoriented. One solution some have found is to bring a few small reminders of home. Pictures, wall hangings, favorite utensils, and keepsake are all goo
16、d candidates to make things feel more familiar. Another helpful activity is to establish little routines that become familiar over time. Even better is fitting things that were part of the regular routine back in the home country into the routine established in the new culture. This will make people
17、 feel more at home. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. According to the 1st paragraph, what have experts been interested in? 82. What are the two problems people face when entering a new culture?83. Coping with new situations may result in_.84. The
18、author thinks the more effective way to solve “cultural shock” is_. 81. Culture shocks effects on people.82. Emotional “roller coaster” and fatigue83. mental fatigue84. fitting some past regular routine into the new culture(虹口)From bankers to factory staff, employees in the west face the bleak prosp
19、ect (暗淡的前景) of losing their jobs as a global recession (衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times, which will stop unemployment an
20、d may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports.The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility.“In
21、the Confucian (儒家的) attitude, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas (然而) in the West, its more about the individual survival,” said Michael Benotlel, associated professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University.Ste
22、ven Pang, Asian Regional Director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was a responsibility “ to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together” even if that meant causing losses.US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off
23、 workers by the thousand. But at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe.Japans jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kongs was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent la
24、st month from below 5 percent in January.Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals (对手) from abroad.(Note: Answer the ques
25、tions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What caused the different practices of Asian and Western firms facing the global recession?82. Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn?83. Firms in the west would lay off workers when faci
26、ng a bleak prospect because of _.84. _ will make the differences in East and West less noticeable.81. The cultural differences between the East and the West.82. Because they neednt rehire or train new staff. / Because they wont / dont need to rehire or train new staff. 83. the individual survival.84
27、. More firms becoming more multinational and competition(黄浦、嘉定)All of us communicate with one another non-verbally, as well as with words. We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone elses eyes and look away, shift positions in a chair. These actions we assume are random and incidental. But res
28、earchers have discovered in recent years that there is a system to them almost as consistent and comprehensive as language.Every culture has its own body language, and children absorb its difference along with spoken language. A Frenchman talks and moves in French. The way an Englishman crosses his
29、legs is nothing like the way a male American does it. In talking, with a future-tense verb, Americans often gesture with a forward movement. There are regional idioms too. An expert can sometimes pick out a native of Wisconsin just by the way he uses his eyebrows during conversation. Your sex, moral
30、 background, social class and personal style all influence your body language. Usually, the wordless communication acts to qualify the words. What the non-verbal elements express very often, and very efficiently, is the emotional side of the message. When a person feels liked or disliked, often its
31、a case of “not what he said but the way he said it.” Psychologist Albert Mehrabian has come up with this formula: total impact of a message = 7% verbal + 38% gestural + 55% facial. Experts in kinesics the study of communication through body movement are not prepared to spell out a vocabulary or gest
32、ures. When an American rubs his nose, it may mean he is disagreeing with someone or rejecting something. But there are other possible interpretations, too. Another example: When a student in conversation with a professor holds the older mans eyes a little longer than is usual, it can be a sign of respect and affection; it can be a challenge to the professors authority; or it can be something else entirely. The experts look for patterns in the context, not for an isola
