1、英语动词不规则变化表英语动词不规那么变化表记忆法一:常见93个不规那么动词的变化规律归纳如下:一、AAA型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。共9个costcostcostcutcutcuthithithit hurthurthurtletlet letputputputreadreadreadsetsetsetshutshutshut二、ABB型,即过去式、过去分词相同。共41个1过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。3个bringbroughtbroughtbuy boughtboughtthinkthoughtthought2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。4个build
2、builtbuiltlendlent lentsendsentsentspendspent spent3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。2个catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaught4把-eep变为-ept。3个keepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweep sweptswept5把-ell变为-old。2个telltoldtoldsellsoldsold6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。4个smellsmeltsmeltspellspeltspeltfeelfelt feltspillspiltspilt7过去式、过去分词都在原形词
3、尾加t。3个learnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantspoilspoiltspoilt8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。4个saysaidsaidpaypaidpaidlaylaidlaidhearheardheard9改变元音字母。11个meetmetmetgetgotgotsitsatsatfind foundfoundholdheldheldspitspatspatshine shoneshonewinwonwonhanghunghungdig dugdugloselostlost10改变辅音字母。1个makemademade11改变元、辅音字母。4个leaveleftl
4、eftstandstoodstoodhavehas hadhadunderstandunderstoodunderstood三、ABC型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。共35个1 iau变化。6个beginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunksing sangsungringrangrungswimswamswumsink sanksunk2 词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。5个blowblewblowndrawdrewdrawngrow grewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrownshow除外3 词尾为“
5、i辅1个e,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,假设那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。4个give,hide除外drivedrovedrivenwritewrotewrittenride roderiddenriseroserisen4 过去分词在过去式后加en。5个breakbrokebrokenchoosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenspeakspokespokenwakewoke woken5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。1个forgetforgotforgotten6 过去分词由原形加en构成。6个bewaswerebeeneatateea
6、tenfallfellfallengivegavegivenseesawseenhidehidhiddenhid7 词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。2个taketooktakenmistakemistookmistaken8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。6个dodiddoneflyflewflowngowentgonelielaylainshowshowedshownwearworeworn四、AAB型,即过去式和原形相同。1个beatbeatbeaten五、ABA型,即过去分词和原形相同。3个comecamecomebecomebecamebecome
7、run ranrun六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。4个cancouldmaymightwillwouldshallshould记忆法二:不规那么动词相对于规那么动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同:costcuthithurtletputreadshut细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。二、 原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:beatbeatbeaten三、 原形、过去分词
8、相同,过去式不同:comecamecome becomebecamebecome runranruncome,become,属不规那么变化,但welcome属规那么动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed四、 过去式,过去分词相同:(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个emeetmetmet feedfedfed(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加tfeelfeltfelt sleepsleptsleptkeepkeptkept sweepsweptswept(3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加tspellspeltspelt smellsmeltsmelt spi
9、llspiltspilt(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtbought thinkthoughtthought(5) 将stand改为stoodstandstoodstood understandunderstoodunderstood(6) 将ay改为aidlaylaidlaid paypaidpaid saysaidsaid(7) 将d改为tlendlentlent sendsentsentspendspentspent buildbuiltb
10、uilt(8) 将i改为a , o, u等sitsatsat spitspatspatdigdugdug winwonwon(9) 将ell改为oldtelltoldtold sellsoldsold(10) 词尾加tlearnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeantdreamdreamtdreamt spoilspoiltspoilt(11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规那么的, 一种是规那么的:learnlearntlearnt learnlearnedlearnedshineshoneshoneshineshinedshinedhanghunghung hangha
11、ngedhangedsmellsmeltsmeltsmellsmelledsmelledburn/burnt/burnt burn/burned/burnedlight/lii/lit light/lighted/lighted(12) 其它havehashadhad hearheardheardshootshotshot loselostlostholdheldheld getgotgotAmE gottenfindfoundfound makemademadeleaveleftleft五、三者均不同:(1) 过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blowblewblown flyflewf
12、lowngrowgrewgrown knowknewknownthrowthrewthrown值得注意的是:showshowedshown或showed drawdrewdrawn(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词beginbeganbegun drinkdrankdrunkringrangrung singsangsungswimswamswum sinksanksunk(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾drivedrovedriven writewrotewrittenriseroserisen rideroderidden(4) 原形后加n变成过去分词drivedro
13、vedriven riseroserisen eatateeatengivegavegiven fallfellfallen(5) 过去式后加n变成过去分词breakbrokebroken choosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozen mistakemistookmistakenstealstolestolen speakspokespokentaketooktaken wakewokewoken或woke(6)其它bewas或werebeen dodiddoneforgetforgotforgottengowentgone hidehidhidden seesawse
14、enwearworeworn六、 有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。wakewokewoken 或woke wakewakedwakedsinksanksunk sinksunksunken七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义:shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词:shoneshone照耀 shinedshined擦亮hunghung悬挂 hangedhanged绞死八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧laylainlying现在分词lay放,下蛋laidlaidlayingfind 找到、发现findfoundfoundfound 创立,成立 fou
15、ndfoundedfounded九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆一词义相对:(1) comecamecome来 gowentgone去(2) givegavegiven给getgotgotAmE gotten获得(3) sleepsleptslept睡觉wakewokewoken 或woke或wakewakedwaked 醒来(4) riseroserisen上升、上涨、升起fallfellfallen下降、落下、倒下sinksanksunk sinksunksunken 沉下, (使)下沉(5) buyboughtbought买 sellsoldsold出售, 卖(6) taketookta
16、ken带去bringbroughtbrought 带来(7) teachtaughttaught教learnlearntlearnt或learnlearnedlearned学习、学会(8) loselostlost丧失、失败findfoundfound找到winwonwon赢得、获胜(9) standstoodstood站、立sitsatsat坐(10) sendsentsent 送、寄、发送getgotgot获得、收到二词义相近:(1) beatbeatbeaten 打, 打败winwonwon赢得、获胜(2) understandunderstoodunderstood 懂, 了解know
17、knewknown 知道, 了解, 认识(3) getgotgotAmE gotten变成、成为、变得becomebecamebecome 变成, 成为, 变得gowentgone变成turnturnedturned变成(4) spendspentspent 花费、度过paypaidpaid 支付、交纳costcostcost花费、价值为taketooktaken花费(5) saysaidsaid说、讲speakspokespoken说、演讲telltoldtold 告诉、说、吩咐、断定talktalkedtalked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论记忆法三:1无变化,过去式与原形相同。letlet
18、, putput, hithit, mustmust, setset, beatbeat, castcast, costcost, cutcut, hurthurt, readred, shutshut(shedshed splitsplit spreadspread burstburst)2元音字母的变化。ia: beginbegan, drinkdrank, ringrang, singsang, swimswam, givegave, sitsat, sinksank io: drivedrove, riderode, shineshone, writewrote, riserose,
19、winwon,(strivestrove arisearose)iou: findfound (windwound, bindbound, grindground)aoo: taketook, shakeshookeo: getgot, forgetforgotoa: comecame, becomebecameooo: shootshot, choosechose3元音字母组合的变化。aw/ow/yew:drawdrew, blowblew, growgrew, knowknew, throwthrew, flyflew4元音字母和辅音字母都有变化。(1) sellsold, telltol
20、d, retellretold(2) saysaid, paypaid, laylaid, relayrelaid(3) sweepswept, keepkept, sleepslept, creepcrept(4) bringbrought, buybought, thinkthought, fightfought(5) catchcaught, teachtaught(6) cancould, willwould, shallshould5辅音字母变化。(1)buildbuilt, sendsent, bendbent, lendlent, rendrent, spendspent(2)makemade, havehad, hearheard(3)meanmeant, learnlearnt