1、采购专业英文术语采购专业英文术语第一部分：custom made: 需指定制造的产品first priority: 最高的优先级别PPR( Premium price request): 高于标准价格采购请求RFQ(request for quote): 报价请求，询盘ESI(Early supplier involvement): 供应商早期介入cost modeling：成本模型STD price: 标准价格Stock-out cost: 缺货成本awarded supplier: 指定供应商escalate to higher level: 提交上级处理cut hard order: 手
2、动下订单customer demand pull-in: 客户需求提前或增加Distributor：分销商；Manufacturing：厂商； Broker：经纪商。（紧急情况下启用，价格较高。）EAU (Estimated annual usage): 预估每年需求量line down: 停产APQP(advanced product quality planning): 指产品在量产前对如何实现产品以及如何进行质量控制看展的策划活动。PPAP(production part approval process)：生产件批准程序，是指第一次生产样件时向客户提交一系列文件记录清单，如样品检测报告
3、，FMEA,工艺流程图，控制计划，图纸等等，要提交的资料根据客户要求进行，提交后客户将确认OK后方可进行试生产阶段。EOQ(economic ordering quantity): 经济订购数量,EOQ= (A:单位时间净需求 S:每次订购费用 U:商品单位成本 C:储存成本)EDI(electronic data interchange): 电子数据交换。第二部分：1. R&D (research and design) 研发2. APS (automated purchasing system) 自动采购系统3. CAD (computer automated design) 计算机辅助设
4、计4. ERP (enterprise resource planning) 企业资源计划5. ANX (automotive network exchange) 自动网络交换6. CPO (chief procurement officers) 采购总监7. CPE (collaborative planning and execution) 合作计划和执行8. TCA (total cost of acquisition) 总获取成本 或 TCO Ownership9. CPFR (collaborative,planning,forecasting,replenishment) 合作，计
5、划，预测，补充10. SCM (supply chain management) 供应链管理11. VMI (vendor managed inventory) 卖方管理库存12. VMR (vendor managed replenishment) 卖方管理补货13. SCOR (supply chain operations reference) 供应链管理指南14. LEW (least ex works) 最小离岸价15. MOM (markup over coat model) 成本变动16. 3PL (third party logistics) 第三方后勤服务17. MRP (m
6、aterial requirements planning) 物料需求计划18. CIO (computer information officers) 信息主管19. PDCA (plan-do-check action cycle) 计划-实施-检查循环第三部分：1.分析库存-库存盘点；Inventory analysis-Create physical inventory document2.做采购申请；Create purchase requisition3.批准采购申请；Approve purchase requisition4.做采购订单；Create purchase order
7、5.创建货源清单，询价-报价-确认供应商；Create source list, enquire-quotation-choose supplier6.做合同；Create contract7.收货-验货-发货 Goods receipt-goods inspection-goods issue8.催*，校验*；Push suppliers invoice, invoice verify9.付款；Arrange payment10.整理资料，存档。第四部分：CIF （cost,insurance&freight）成本、保险加运费价CFR(cost and freight)成本加运费价T/T(t
8、elegraphic transfer)电汇D/P(document against payment)付款交单D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证EMS （express mail special）特快传递G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打PKG(packa
9、ge)一包，一捆，一扎，一件等WT(weight)重量G.W.(gross weight)毛重N.W.(net weight)净重C/D (customs declaration)报关单EA(each)每个，各W (with)具有w/o(without)没有FAC(facsimile)传真IMP(import)进口EXP（export）出口MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度M 或MED (medium)中等，中级的M/V（merchant vessel）商船S.S(steamship)船运MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨DOC (do
10、cument)文件、单据INT（international）国际的P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表INV (invoice)*PCT (percent)百分比REF （reference）参考、查价STL.(style)式样、款式、类型T或LTX或TX(telex)电传S/M （shipping marks）装船标记PR或PRC(price) 价格PUR (purchase)购买、购货S/C（sales contract）销售确认书L/C （letter of credit）信用证B/L （bill of lading）提单FOB （free on board）离岸价一、FO
11、BFREEONBOARD(namedportofshipment)-装运港船上交货(指定装运港)是指卖方必须在合同规定的装运期内在指定装运港将货物交至买方指定的船上，并负担货物越过船舷为止的一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险。FOB术语也就是我们通常所说的离岸价格。二、CIFCOST,INSURANCEANDFREIGHT(namedportofdestination)-成本加保险费、运费(指定目的港)是指卖方必须在合同规定的装运期内在装运港将货物交至运往指定目的港的船上，负担货物越过船舷为止的一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险，并负责办理货运保险，支付保险费，以及负责租船或订舱，支付从装运港到目的港
12、的运费。三、CFRCOSTANDFREIGHT(namedportofdestination)-成本加运费(指定目的港)是指卖方必须在合同规定的装运期内,在装运港将货物交至运往指定目的港的船上,负担货物越过船舷为止的一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险,并负责租船或订舱,支付抵达目的港的正常运费。按照1990年通则四、FCAFREECARRIER(namedplace)-货交承运人(指定地)是指卖方必须在合同规定的交货期内在指定地或地点将经出口清关的货物交给买方指定的承运人监管，并负担货物被交由承运人监管为止的一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险。买方必须自负费用订立从指定地或地点发运货物的运输合同，并将
13、有关承运人的名称、要求交货的时间和地点，充分地通知卖方;负担货交承运人后的一切费用和风险;负责按合同规定收取货物和支付价款。FCA术语适用于各种运输方式，特别是集装箱运输和多式运输。五、CPTCARRIAGEPAIDTO(namedplaceofdestination)-运费付至(指定目的地)是指卖方支付货物运至指定目的地的运费。在货物被交由承运人保管时，货物灭失或损坏的风险，以及由于在货物交给承运人后发生的事件而引起的额外费用，即从卖方转移至买方。六、CIPCARRIAGEANDINSURANCEPAIDTO(namedplaceofdestination)-运费、保险费付至(指定目的地)是
14、指卖方除了须承担在CPT术语下同样的义务外，还须对货物在运输途中灭失或损坏的买方风险取得货物保险，订立保险合同，并支付保险费。ABCClassificationABC分类法Activity-BasedCosting业务量成本法/作业成本法ACRS(Acceleratedcostrecoverysystem)快速成本回收制度ActionMessage行为/措施信息AIS(Accountinginformationsystem)会计信息系统Allocation已分配量AnticipatedDelayReport拖期预报A/P(AccountsPayable)应付帐款APICS(AmericanPr
15、oduction&InventoryControlSociety)美国生产及库存控制协会AQL(AcceptablequalityLevel)可接受质量水平A/R(AccountsReceivable)应收帐款AutomaticRescheduling自动重排产AvailableToPromise(APT)可签约量Backflush倒冲法Backlog未完成订单/未结订单BackScheduling倒序排产BEanalysis(Break-evenanalysis)盈亏临界点分析，保本分析BillofMaterial(BOM)物料清单BusinessPlan经营规划B/V(Bookvalue)
16、帐面价值CapacityRequirementsPlanning(CRP)能力需求计划CBA(Cost-benefitanalysis)成本效益分析CEO首席执行官CFO(ChiefFinancialOfficer)财务总裁ClosedLoopMRP闭环物料需求计划CPM(Criticalpathmethod)关键路线法CPPaccounting(Constantpurchasingpoweraccounting)不变购买力会计CumulativeLeadTime累计提前期C&F(cost&freight)成本加运费价T/T(telegraphictransfer)电汇D/P(document
17、againstpayment)付款交单D/A(documentagainstacceptance)承兑交单C.O(certificateoforigin)一般原产地证CycleCounting周期盘点Demand需求DemandManagement需求管理DemonstratedCapacity实际能力DependentDemand非*需求DFL(Degreeoffinancialleverage)财务杠杆系数Direct-deductInventoryTransactionProcessing直接增减库存法DispatchList派工单DOL(Degreeofoperatingleverag
18、e)经营杠杆系数ELS(Economiclotsize)经济批量EOQ(Economicorderquantity)经济订货批量&nbs;FIFO(Fist-in,Fist-out)先进先出法FirmPlannedOrder确认计划订单FISH/LIFO(Fist-in,Still-here)后进先出法FixedOrderQuantity固定订货批量法FlowShop流水车间FocusForecasting集中预测FullPegging完全跟踪GenerallyAcceptedManufacturingPractices公认生产管理原则IndependentDemand*需求Inpu/Outp
19、utControl投入/产出控制InterplantDemand厂际需求InventoryTurnover库存周转次数Item物料项目ItemRecord项目记录JobShop加工车间Just-in-time(JIT)准时制生产LeadTime提前期前置期，指订单从收到具体明细到货到货仓收到落货纸这一段时间，可以用评估工厂的综合实力。Level层Load负荷LotforLot按需订货法LP(Linearprogramming)线性规划MachineLoading机器加载Make-to-orderProduct(MTO)面向订单生产的产品Make-to-stockProduct(MTS)面向库存
20、生产产品ManufacturingResourcePlanning(MRPII)制造资源计划MasterProductionSchedule(MPS)主生产计划MaterialRequirementsPlanning(MRP)物料需求计划MBO(Managementbyobjective)目标管理NetChangeMRP净改变式物料需求计划NetRequirements净需求OliverWightMRP-II理论的创始人On-handBalance现在库存量OpenOrder未结订单/开放订单OrderEntry订单输入OrderPromising订货承诺Pegging反查Picking领料/
21、提货PickingList领料单PlannedOrder计划订单Post-deductInventoryTransactionProcessing(Backflush)后减库存处理法/倒冲法Pre-deductInventoryTransactionProcessing前减库存处理法ProductionPlanning生产规划编制ProjectedAvailableBalance预计可用库存Gueue队列GueueTime排队时间RegenerationMRP重生成式物料需求计划ReschedulingAssumption重排假设ResourceRequirementPlanning资源需求计
22、划Rough-cutCapacityPlanning粗能力计划Routing工艺路线SafetyStock安全库存SafetyTime保险期ScheduledReceipt预计入库量ScrapFactor残料率/废品系数ServiceParts维修件ShopFloorControl车间作业管理ShrinkageFactor损耗系数TimeBucket时间段TieFence时界VE(valueengineering)价值工程VendorScheduling采购计划法WorkCenter工作中心WorkinProcess(WIP)在制品ZBB(ZerobasedBudgeting)零基预算Zero
23、Inventories零库存AccountingClerk-记帐员;AccountingSupervisor-会计主管;AdministrationManager-行政经理;Supervisor-监管员;BondAnalyst-证券分析员;FundManager-财务经理;AssistantManager-副经理;payment支付，付款topay付款，支付，偿还dishonour拒付deferredpayment延期付款progressivepayment分期付款paymentonterms定期付款paymentagreement支付协定payorder支付凭证paymentorder付款通
24、知paymentbybanker银行支付paymentbyremittance汇拨支付paymentinpart部分付款paymentinfull全部付讫cleanpayment单纯支付simplepayment单纯支付paymentbyinstallment分期付款paymentrespite延期付款paymentatmaturity到期付款paymentinadvance预付(货款)CashWithOrder(C.W.O)随订单付现CashOnDelivery(C.O.D)交货付现discount贴现draft汇票PromisoryNote本票cheque支票cleanbill光票docu
25、mentarybill跟单汇票SightBill即期汇票TimeBill远期汇票UsanceBill远期汇票CommercialBill商业汇票BankersBill银行汇票TransferableL/C可转让信用证UntransferableL/C不可转让信用证RevolvingL/C循环信用证ReciprocalL/C对开信用证BacktoBackL/C背对背信用证Countervailingcredit(俗称)子证Overridingcredit母证BankersAcceptanceL/C银行承兑信用证TradeAcceptanceL/C商业承兑信用证RedClauseL/C红条款信用证
26、AnticipatoryL/C预支信用证Creditpayablebyatrader商业付款信用证Creditpayablebyabank银行付款信用证usancecreditpaymentatsight假远期信用证UniformCustomsandPracticeforDocumentaryCredits跟单信用证统一惯例I.C.C.PublicationNo.400第400号出版物CreditwithT/TReimbursementClause带有电报索汇条款的信用证methodofreimbursement索汇方法withoutrecourse不受追索OpeningBankName&Si
27、gnature开证行名称及签字beneficiary受益人guarantor保证人ExportersBank出口方银行ImportersBank进口方银行SellersBank卖方银行BuyersBank买方银行PayingBank付款行，汇入行RemittingBank汇出行OpeningBank开证行IssuingBank开证行AdvisingBank通知行NotifyingBank通知行NegotiatingBank议付行DraweeBank付款行ConfirmingBank保兑行PresentingBank提示行TransmittingBank转递行AcceptingBank承兑行AdditionalWordsandPhrasespaybearer付给某人bearer来人payer付款人T/T是 telegraphic transfer 电汇付款 LC 是 LETTER OF CREDIT 信用证
