1、中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座五过去将来时与过去完成时精讲及练习中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）-过去将来时与过去完成时精讲及练习中考初中英语主要时态系列讲座（五）-过去将来时与过去完成时精讲及练习 考点一：过去将来时的用法所谓过去将来时，就是表示在过去看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时的比较简单，其结构主要和用法见下表基本结构主要用法示例would/should +动词原形was/were going to+动词原形was doing进行时态表将来(1)在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时，表示在当时看将来会发生的事It was May 12. People had lunch and
2、 they were going to have a lunch sleep. At that time the earthquake happened. 那是5月12日。人们刚吃过午饭，正打算睡午觉，就在那时，地震发生了。（2）当主句为一般过去时时，用于宾语从句表示将要发生的事情或曾经打算要做的事情She said that she would visit her grandparents that Sunday morning. 她说那周星期天上午，她要去看望爷爷奶奶。(3)位移的动词，如come , go, leave, arrive等，用过去进行时表示在过去将要发生的动作。Mike s
3、aid that he was going to Canada that summer holiday. 迈克说，那年暑假他打算去加拿大。【典型考例】（江苏无锡）-Uncle Sam said he _ my birthday party, but he never showed up.- Thats Uncle Sam. He forgets everything! A. will attend B. would attend C. has attended D. had attended【析】正确答案是B。句意是：山姆大叔说，他要来参加我的生日聚会，可是他却没有露面。山姆大叔就是那样的。他
4、忘记啦！因为主句谓语动词为一般过去时said，所以，宾语从句表示的是过去将要发生的动作，因此从句的谓语动词使用过去将来时“would+动词原形或was/were going to +动词原形”，所以，正确答案为B。考点二：过去完成时的用法概念表示到过去某时为止或在过去某时之前已经发生或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。句式结构主语 + had + 过去分词 + 其他。常用时间状语by the end of last .(到上末为止)by then(到那时为止)when(当.时候), after(在.以后), by the time（当时）等引导的时间状语从句用法(1)表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经
5、发生或完成的动作， 即“过去的过去”。By the end of last month, we had learned 2,000 English words. 到上月末为止，我们已经学了2,000个英语单词了。By the time we got there, the train had left.我们到达那儿时，火车已经离开了。（2）用在主句谓语动词为told, said, knew, heard, thought等引导的宾语从句中。They said they had cleaned the classroom.他们说他们已经扫过教室了。Alice told us that she ha
6、d learned Chinese in her school. 爱丽斯告诉我们说，她在学校已经学过汉语。（3）用在when, after, before等引导的时间状语从句中When we got there, the bus had left.当我们感到那儿时，汽车已经开走了。Before he came to China, he had studied Chinese in a university for 7 years. 在来中国之前， 他在一所大学已经学习了7年汉语。【典型考例】John and I_ friends for eight years. We first got to
7、 know each other at a Christmas party. But we_ each other a couple of times before that. A. had been; have met B. have been; have metC. had been; had met D. have been; had met【析】正确答案是D。句意是：约翰和我是8年的朋友了。我们第一次是在一词圣诞聚会上互相认识的。但是这那之前我们就已经碰过好几次面了。第一句指从过去延续到现在的状况，应使用现在完成时“have(has)+过去分词”，第二句表示在我们成为朋友之前过去的动作
8、，即“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时“had+过去分词”，因此本题的正确答案为D。【强化练习】一、用所给动词的正确形式，完成句子，使句子意思完整。1. Miss Zhang said she _(visit) the Great Wall next summer.2. She told him that she _(not stay) here for long.3. I wasnt sure whether Lucy_(come) the next year.4. The scientists said the worlds population _ (slow) down in futur
9、e.5. She said the bus _(leave) at five the next morning.6. I wasnt sure whether he _(lend) me his book the next morning.7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _(be) fifty-eight.8. Whenever she has time, she _(help) them in their work.9. We _ (paint) the house before we _ (move) in.10. That rich old ma
10、n _ (make) a will before he _ (die).11. They _ (study) the map of the country before they_(leave).12. The robbers _ (run )away before the policemen _(arrive).13.I _ (turn) off all the lights before I _ (go) to bed.14. Paul _ (go) out with Jane after he_(make) a phone call.15. Tom _ (say) he _ (read)
11、 the book twice.16. Our plan _ (fail ) because we _ (make) a bad mistake.17. She told me she _(be) to Chongqing three times.18.He said he _already_(give) the book to the teacher.19.When I _(get) at the station, the train _(leave).20.We _(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.21. I
12、waited until he _(finish) his homework.22. We were surprised at what she _already _(do)二、单项选择1. Li Ming said he _happy if Brian_to China next month.A. as; come B. was; would come C. would be; came D. will be; come2. Jenny said she _her holiday in China.A. spent B. would spent C. was going to spent D
13、. would spend3. What did your son say in the letter?He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day.A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit4. I hoped Tina _ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.A. to come B. is coming C. will come D. was coming5. Father said th
14、at he _ me to Beijing the next year.A. took B. would take C. takes D. will take6. We were not sure whether they _ more vegetables.A. are going to grow B. were going to grow C. will growD. have grown7. She _ to work when the telephone rang.A. is going B. will go C. was about to go D. is to go8. I los
15、t the book I_. Ahave bought Bbought Chad bought Dhad been bought 9The bus _ when I arrived at the bus stop Ahas gone Bwent Chad gone D is going10Tom of visiting his grandmother，but the bad weather made him change his mind Ahas thought Bthought Chad thought Dhad been thought 11Did you meet Tom at the
16、 airport？ No，he by the time I there Ahas left；got Bhad left；arrived Cleft；arrived Dleft；had got 12Why didnt Tom attend the meeting yesterday？ He Beijing Ahas gone to Bhad gone to Cwent to Dhad been to 13In this experiment, they are woken up several times during the night, and asked to report what th
17、ey.A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming C. have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt14Finally Mary was admitted by Beijing University，for which she five times Ahad tried Bwas trying Chas tried D.tried 15I have bought you the books you wantOh，good，I was afraid you _ Aforgot Bforget Chad fo
18、rgotten Dhave forgotten16. We _five English songs by the end of last term. A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learned三、根据要求完成句子1.she is going to practise the piano this Sunday. She said.（合并为一句） She said that she _ _ _ _ the piano that Sunday.2.He has collected over 300 Chinese stamps
19、. Mike told us.（合并为一句） Mike told us that he _ _ over 300 Chinese stamps. 3.What he did . We didnt know （合并为一句） We didnt know what he _ _. 4.The plane set off. By the time we got to the airport. （合并为一句） By the time we _ to the airport, the plane _ _ off. 5.We didnt know. He will come. （合并为一句） We didn
20、t know he _ _. 6.（江苏无锡）如果你能告诉我机器人已失控多久，那就太好了。 It would be great if you can tell me _Key:一、1. would visit 2. would not stay 3. would come 4. would slow 5. was leaving 6. would lend 7. would be 8. would help；99.had painted,moved; 10.had made, died; 11.had studied; left; 12.had run,arrived; 13.had turn
21、ed, went; 14.went, had made; 15.said, had read; 16.failed, had made; 17had been; 18.had, given; 19.got, had left;20.had learned; 21.had finished; 22.had ,done二、1-5CDDDB;6-10BCCBC; 11-16:BBDAC,A三、1.was going to practise; 2.had collected; 3.had done; 4.got, had set; 5.would come6.how long the robot ha
22、d been out of control二、英语书面表达专项训练2书面表达安全对于每个人都很重要。中学生年龄较小，学生安全更是人们关注的焦点。请根据以下提示，写一篇关于学生安全的英语作文。内容提示：1.交通安全：遵守交通规则，不闯红绿灯等；2.食品安全：吃健康食物，不吃垃圾食品等；3.活动安全：进行体育锻炼时，不要弄伤自己，不私自下河游泳等。提示词语：study hard, read, healthy food, exercise, help, chores, at home,Travel Safety is very important to everyone._【答案】Safety is
23、 very important to everyone. Middle school students are like precious flowers so their safety is becoming a focus for us all.First, we must obey the traffic rules when we go out. Dont cross the street when the light is red. Secondly, we should eat healthy food. Dont eat junk food. Eat more fruits an
24、d vegetables. Eat less meat and eggs. Finally, be careful not to hurt yourself while you are playing outside. Its dangerous to go swimming by yourself, so dont go swimming without permission. These are some important safety tips to remember.【解析】【详解】这是一篇材料作文。本文所给材料比较详细，我们要做的就是用正确的英语把这些内容表达出来。动笔前要认真阅读
25、材料，不可遗漏要点，并适当发挥。根据材料内容可知本文主要使用一般现在时，主语是第一人称。写作时注意人称、时态的搭配及主谓一致问题。同时适当使用连接词，注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系。【点睛】这篇短文涵盖了题目要求的所有要点内容，表达准确，意思连贯，符合逻辑。在文章的结构组织上很好地使用了简单句和复合句，文章脉络清晰，自然流畅。同时，文章还使用了一些常用的句式和短语，如：祈使句的使用、wemust、weshould、inaword、Its+形容词+to动词不定式结构以及序数词的使用等，这为文章增色不少。在学习中注意积累，牢记一些常用句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章的表达更有逻辑性，更富
26、有条理。3近年来，各大城市雾霾（haze）情况越来越严重，整个国家的空气污染状况令人担忧。请分析空气污染的现象，原因，应对措施，写一份英文的倡议书，呼吁大家保护环境，减少对空气的污染。要点提示：（1）我国空气污染的现象。（至少写2点）（2） 空气污染产生的原因。（至少写2点）（3）减少空气污染的措施。（至少写2点）要求：（1） 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。（2） 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。Dear students , As we all know , hazy days have been influencing our lives a lot in recent y
27、ears . That warns us of the serious airpollution_ 【答案】Dear students,As we all know, hazy days have been influencing our lives a lot in recent years. That warns us of the serious air pollution. Big factories, power plants and cars all can cause air pollution. For example, chemicals in the smoke from
28、power stations cause a lot of damage. Besides, the peoples activities are also the sources of air pollution such as throwing the rubbish and smoking. Whats more, the more trees are cut down, the less polluted air can absorb. Air pollution is becoming more and more serious, so we should take some measures such as planting more trees and stop factories from sending out waste air, whats more, we had better walk or take a bus. Protecting the environment is our duty. Everyone should play a part in saving the earth.【解析】【详解】这是一篇材料作文，根据材料中的相关信息介绍一下整个国家的空气污染状况。所提供的
