1、考研英语阅读unit7考研英语阅读unit-7Unit 7 Man proposes, God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天。学习内容题 材词 数建议时间得分统计做题备忘Part AText 1商业经济390/10Text 2科普知识411/10Text 3社会生活461/10Text 4社会生活436/10Part B科普知识502/10Part C文化教育402/10Part ADirections：Read the following texts. Answer the questions blow each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Text 1A
2、 new malady is running rampantly in corporate America: management phobia. Many people dont want to be manager, and many people who are managers are itching to jump off the management trackor have already. “I hated all the meetings,” says a 10-year award-winning manager, “And I found the more you did
3、 for people who worked for you, the more they expected. I was a counselor, motivator, financial adviser and psychologist.”With technology changing in a wink, we can never slack off these days if were on the technical side. Its a rare person who can manage to keep up on the technical side and handle
4、a management job, too. In addition, with Scott Adams popular cartoon character as well as many television situation comedies routinely portraying managers as morons or enemies, they just dont get much respect anymore.Supervising others was always a tough task, people who make other people do things.
5、 Management layoffs have done much to erode interest in managerial jobs.With more people wary of joining management, are corporations being hurt or worrying about developing future leaders? No many are. While employers have dismissed a lot of managers, they believe a surplus lingers on at many compa
6、nies. “Another reason companies arent short of managers”, contends Robert Kelley, a Carnegie Mellon University business professor, “is that so many workers today are self-managed, either individually or via teams, you dont need a manager.”1. The words of 10-year award-winning manager implies thatA m
7、anagerial jobs demand more hours and offer more headaches.B managers should not do too much beyond the scope of his job.C being a manager requires many other skills besides management.D a person can get a lot of development in a management role.2. The word “perk” (Line 3, Para. 3) probably meansA pr
8、ivileges. B status.C mobility. D rungs.3. Which one of the following statements applies to todays managers?A Their stress can be reduced by the financial and emotional rewards.B They begin to neglect their development on the technical side.C They dont feel secure in their positions because of the re
9、duction in company hierarchies.D They are not respected any more by the media despite of their hard efforts.4. Which skill do employers value most in this age of entrepreneurship?A Management. B Creativity. C Cooperation. D Diligence.5. The last paragraph suggests thatA the loss of interest in the m
10、anagerial jobs would damage American corporate culture.B more and more managers would be laid off in order to relieve the financial burden.C those who are still lingering on managerial jobs are not foresighted.D many employees are to some extent a manager of themselves.Text 2Mans puzzlement and preo
11、ccupation with time both derive ultimately from his unique relationship to it. All animals exist in time and are changed by it; only man can manipulate it. Like Proust, the French author whose experiences became his literary capital, man can recapture the past. He can also summon up things to come,
12、displaying imagination and foresight along with memory. It can be argued, indeed, that memory and foresightedness are the essence of intelligence; that mans ability to manipulate time, to employ both past and future as guides to present action, is what makes him human.To be sure, many animals can re
13、act to time after a fashion. A rat can learn to press a lever that will, after a delay of some 25 seconds, reward it with a bit of food. But if the delay stretches beyond 30 seconds, the animal is stumped. It can no longer associate reward to “far” in the future with present lever-pressing.Monkeys,
14、more intelligent than rats, are better able to deal with time. If one of them is allowed to see food being hidden under one of two cups, it can pick out the right cup even after 90 seconds have passed. But after that time interval, the monkeys hunt for the food is no better than chance predicts.With
15、 the apes, mans nearest cousins, “time sense” takes a big step forward. Even under laboratory conditions, quite different from those they encounter in the wild, apes sometimes show remarkable ability to manipulate the present to obtain a future goal. A chimpanzee, for example, can learn to stack fou
16、r boxes, one atop the other, as a platform from which it can reach a hanging banana. Chimpanzees, indeed, carry their ability to cope with the future to the threshold of human capacity: they can make tools. And it is by the making of toolsphysical tools as crude as a stone chopper, mental tools as s
17、ubtle as a mathematical equationthat man characteristically prepares for future contingencies.Chimpanzees in the wild have been seen to strip a twig of its leaves to make a probe for extracting termites from their hole. Significantly, however, the ape does not make this tool before setting out on a
18、termite hunt, but only when it actually sees the insects or their nest. Here, as with the banana and the crates, the ape can deal only with a future that is immediate and visibleand thus halfway into the present.6. The sentence “Like Proust, recapture the past”(Line 1, Para. 2) shows thatA Proust wr
19、ote about past experiences.B Proust described mans development of time sense.C Proust discovered things about the future by reliving the past.D Proust wrote primarily to improve his future life.7.Which of the following is true according to the text?A Monkeys and apes are almost as intelligent as man
20、.B Memory and foresight contribute to intelligence.C Man developed from apes.D Chimpanzees sense of time is as good as mans.8. The word “stump” (Line 3, Para. 3) most probably means A confuse.B inspire.C frighten.D disappoint.9. It is significant that chimpanzees make tools, but it is more important
21、 thatA the tools they make are crude.B they stack items to make platforms.C they can make up simple equations.D they never make tools before they need them.10. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the text?A How apes understand time relationships.B Mans preoccupation with past and
22、 future events.C How mans time sense separates him from animals.D Time sense in animals.Text 3Children are in need of adoption because some birth parents are unable or unavailable to provide adequately for the needs of their child. There are numerous reasons for making an adoption plan. Birth parent
23、s may feel they cannot take on the responsibility of an unplanned child because they are too young or because they are financially or emotionally unable to provide proper care. They do not feel ready or able to be good parents. In other cases children are in need of adoption because courts have deci
24、ded that their birth parents are unable to function adequately. Many of these children are victims of abuse or neglect. Regardless of how children come to need adoption, they are put with adoptive parents through private or public social service agencies. Other adoptions may be arranged independentl
25、y, as when birth parents and adoptive parents come to know each other outside of an agency and then complete the adoption according to the laws and regulations of their states of residence.In the early 1970s there was a dramatic increase in the number of families seeking to adopt, a condition which
26、persists today. For this reason, the number of those who wish to adopt regularly exceeds the number of infants available. Reasons for this dramatic increase are varied. A major factor has been the choice of many people to delay the start of a family until later in life. Many of these people, in turn
27、, have found themselves to be less fertile at that time, and so they have decided that their desire to have children might best be fulfilled through adoption.In every state, however, there are children who are legally free to be adopted but are desperately waiting for parents. The children in this g
28、roup are usually older and often have special needs. They may require additional care from a parent because of their physical, emotional, or mental disabilities which may have been caused by abuse, neglect, or medical or genetic factors. Because of their special needs, these children are challenging
29、 to rear. In fact, adoption experts believe that people who adopt these children need special training and preparation in order to successfully rear the child and to integrate the child into the family and eventually into society.In cases of international adoption, Americans have adopted orphaned ch
30、ildren from places like India, and Latin America. United States immigration laws allow such children to reside in the United States through a special visa under which the children are classified as immediate relatives of the adopting family. The laws, regulations, and attitudes toward international
31、adoption vary a great deal from one country to another. Because of this, people wishing to adopt should use experienced agencies or organizations in order to adopt a child from another country successfully.11. In the authors opinion, adopting children is basicallyA illegal.B unethical.C unavoidable.
32、D necessary.12. What is the most important reason for the adoption boom in the 1970s?A In the early 1970s, adoption came into vogue among young American couples.B Many women chose adoption for fear that their figure might be adversely affected.C Many people who married late found they were less fertile and had to
