1、岩土工程专业英语一. 综合类 1.geotechnical engineering岩土工程 2.foundation engineering基础工程 3.soil, earth土 4.soil mechanics土力学 cyclic loading周期荷载 unloading卸载 reloading再加载 viscoelastic foundation粘弹性地基 viscous damping粘滞阻尼 shear modulus剪切模量 5.soil dynamics土动力学 6.stress path应力路径 7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学 二. 土的分类 1
2、.residual soil残积土 groundwater level地下水位 2.groundwater 地下水 groundwater table地下水位 3.clay minerals粘土矿物 4.secondary minerals次生矿物 5.landslides滑坡 6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图 7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察 8.boulder漂石 9.cobble卵石 10.gravel砂石 11.gravelly sand砾砂 12.coarse sand粗砂 13.medium sa
3、nd中砂 14.fine sand细砂 15.silty sand粉土 16.clayey soil粘性土 17.clay粘土 18.silty clay粉质粘土 19.silt粉土 20.sandy silt砂质粉土 21.clayey silt粘质粉土 22.saturated soil饱和土 23.unsaturated soil非饱和土 24.fill (soil)填土 25.overconsolidated soil超固结土 26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土 27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土 28.zonal soil区域
4、性土 29.soft clay软粘土 30.expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土 31.peat泥炭 32.loess黄土 33.frozen soil冻土 三. 土的基本物理力学性质 1.cccompression index 2.cuundrained shear strength 3.cu/p0 ratio of undrained strength cu to effective overburden stress p0 (cu/p0)NC ,(cu/p0)oc subscripts NC and OC designated normally consolidate
5、d and overconsolidated, respectively 4.cvanecohesive strength from vane test 5.e0natural void ratio 6.Ipplasticity index 7.K0coefficient of “at-rest ”pressure ,for total stresses1 and2 8.K0domain for effective stresses1 and2 9.K0nK0for normally consolidated state 10.K0uK0coefficient under rapid cont
6、inuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loadingor an undrained condition 11.K0dK0coefficient under cyclic loading(frequency less than 1Hz),as a pseudo- dynamic test for K0 coefficient 12.kh,kvpermeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively 13.N blow count, standard penetration test
7、 14.OCRover-consolidation ratio 15.pc preconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test 16.p0 effective overburden pressure 17.p sspecific cone penetration resistance, from static cone test 18.quunconfined compressive strength 19.U, Umdegree of consolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specime
8、n 20.u ,ub ,umpore (water) pressure, subscripts b and m denote bottom of specimen and mean value, respectively 21.w0 wL wp natural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively 22.1,2 principal stresses, 1 and2 denote effective principal stresses 23.Atterberg limits阿太堡界限 24.degree of satura
9、tion饱和度 25.dry unit weight干重度 26.moist unit weight湿重度 27.saturated unit weight饱和重度 28.effective unit weight有效重度 29.density密度 pactness密实度 31.maximum dry density最大干密度 32.optimum water content最优含水量 33.three phase diagram三相图 34.tri-phase soil三相土 35.soil fraction粒组 36.sieve analysis筛分 37.hydrometer analy
10、sis比重计分析 38.uniformity coefficient不均匀系数 39.coefficient of gradation级配系数 40.fine-grained soil(silty and clayey)细粒土 41.coarse- grained soil(gravelly and sandy)粗粒土 42.Unified soil classification system土的统一分类系统 43.ASCE=American Society of Civil Engineer美国土木工程师学会 44.AASHTO= American Association State Hig
11、hway Officials美国州公路官员协会 45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会 四. 渗透性和渗流 1.Darcys law达西定律 2.piping管涌 3.flowing soil流土 4.sand boiling砂沸 5.flow net流网 6.seepage渗透（流） 7.leakage渗流 8.seepage pressure渗透压力 9.permeability渗透性 10.seepage force渗透力 11.hydraul
12、ic gradient水力梯度 12.coefficient of permeability渗透系数 五. 地基应力和变形 1.soft soil软土 2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩（负）摩阻力 3.effective stress有效应力 4.total stress总应力 5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度 6.low activity低活性 7.sensitivity灵敏度 8.triaxial test三轴试验 9.foundation design基础设计 10.recompaction再压缩
13、 11.bearing capacity承载力 12.soil mass土体 13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力） 14.concentrated load集中荷载 15.a semi-infinite elastic solid半无限弹性体 16.homogeneous均质 17.isotropic各向同性 18.strip footing条基 19.square spread footing方形独立基础 20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土） 21.dead load =sustained load恒载 持续
14、荷载 22.live load活载 23.short岩土专业英语1vanesheartest|十字板剪切试验 asemi-infiniteelasticsolid|半无限弹性体AASHTO=AmericanAssociationStateHighwayOfficials|美国州公路官员协会activeearthpressure|主动土压力additionalstress|附加应力allowablebearingcapacityoffoundationsoil|地基容许承载力alluvialexpansivesoil|冲积膨胀土anchoredplateretainingwall|锚定板挡土墙a
15、nchoredsheetpilewall|锚定板板桩墙angleofinternalfriction|内摩擦角angleofrepose|休止角anisotropy|各向异性ANSYSBooleans|布尔运算ANSYSBooleansIntersect|布尔交运算ANSYSBooleansOverlap|布尔搭接运算ANSYSBooleansPartition|布尔分割运算ANSYSCartesian|笛卡儿坐标ANSYSCylindrical|柱坐标ANSYSEigenBuckling|特征值屈伸分析ANSYSGlobalCartesian|笛卡儿坐标系ANSYSGlobalCylindr
16、ical|柱坐标系ANSYSGlobalSpherical|球坐标系ANSYSGrid|网格ANSYSHarmonic|谐振分析ANSYSModel|模态分析ANSYSNormal|法向向量ANSYSPolar|极坐标ANSYSSpectrum|谱分析ANSYSSpherical|球坐标ANSYSStatic|静态分析ANSYSSubstructuring|子结构分析ANSYSTolerance|允许偏差ANSYSTransient|瞬态分析ANSYSTrial|坐标轴ANSYSWorkingPlaneOrigin|工作平面原点anti-slidepile|抗滑桩arrangementofpi
17、les|桩的布置artificialfoundation|人工地基ASCE=AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineer|美国土木工程师学会associatedflow|关联流动Atterberglimits|阿太堡界限Barraonsconsolidationtheory|巴隆固结理论bearingcapacity|承载力bearingcapacityoffoundationsoil|地基承载力bearingcapacityofsinglepile|单桩承载力bearingstratum|持力层belledpierfoundation|钻孔墩基础benchslope|台阶式坡
18、形Biotsconsolidationtheory|比奥固结理论Bishopmethod|毕肖普法boreholecolumnarsection|钻孔柱状图boredpile|钻孔桩bottomheave|（基坑）底隆起boulder|漂石boundarysurfacemodel|边界面模型boxfoundation|箱型基础bracedcuts|支撑围护bracedexcavation|支撑开挖bracedsheeting|支撑挡板bracingoffoundationpit|基坑围护bulkconstitutiveequation|体积本构模型caissonfoundation|沉井（箱）
19、Cambridgemodel|剑桥模型cantileverretainingwall|悬臂式挡土墙cantileversheetpilewall|悬臂式板桩墙capmodel|盖帽模型casing|套管castinplace|灌注桩cementcolumn|水泥桩cementmixingmethod|水泥土搅拌桩centrifugalmodeltest|离心模型试验chemicalstabilization|化学加固法clay|粘土clayfraction|粘粒粒组clayminerals粘土|矿物clayeysilt|粘质粉土clayeysoil|粘性土coarsesand|粗砂cobble
20、|卵石coefficentofcompressibility|压缩系数coefficientofconsolidation|固结系数coefficientofgradation|级配系数coefficientofpermeability|渗透系数coefficientofvariation|变异系数cohesion|粘聚力collapsibleloesstreatment|湿陷性黄土地基处理compactedexpansivesoil|击实膨胀土compactiontest|击实试验compactness|密实度compensatedfoundation|补偿性基础complextexture
21、|复合式结构compositefoundation|复合地基compressibility|压缩性compressibilitymodulus|压缩摸量compressionindex|压缩指数concentratedload|集中荷载consolidateddraineddirectsheartest|慢剪试验consolidateddrainedtriaxialtest|固结排水试验(CD)consolidatedquickdirectsheartest|固结快剪试验consolidatedundrainedtriaxialtest|固结不排水试验(CU)consolidation|固结c
22、onsolidationcurve|固结曲线consolidationtest|固结试验consolidationunderK0condition|K0固结constantheadpermeability|常水头渗透试验constitutiveequation|本构关系constitutivemodel|本构模型Coulombsearthpressuretheory|库仑土压力理论counterretainingwall|扶壁式挡土墙countryrock|围岩criticaledgepressure|临塑荷载cross-holetest|跨孔试验cushion|垫层cyclicloading
23、|周期荷载cyclingload|反复荷载dampingratio|阻尼比Darcyslaw|达西定律deadloadsustainedload|恒载持续荷载deepfoundation|深基础deepsettlementmeasurement|深层沉降观测deepwellpoint|深井点deformation|变形deformationmodulus|变形摸量deformationmonitoring|变形监测degreeofconsolidation|固结度degreeofsaturation|饱和度density|密度dewatering|（基坑）降水dewateringmethod|
24、降低地下水固结法diaphragmwall|地下连续墙截水墙dilatation|剪胀dimensionlessfrequency|无量纲频率directshear|直剪directshearapparatus|直剪仪directsheartest|直剪试验directsimplesheartest|直接单剪试验directionarrangement|定向排列discountcoefficient|折减系数divingcastingcast-in-placepile|沉管灌注桩domaineffecttheory|叠片体作用理论drilled-pierfoundation|钻孔扩底墩dryu
25、nitweight|干重度dryweightdensity|干重度Duncan-Changmodel|邓肯张模型durationofearthquake|地震持续时间dyke堤|（防）dynamiccompaction|强夯法dynamiccompactionreplacement|强夯置换法dynamicloadtestofpile|桩动荷载试验dynamicmagnificationfactor|动力放大因素dynamicpenetrationtest|(DPT)动力触探试验dynamicpiletesting|桩基动测技术dynamicpropertiesofsoils|土的动力性质dy
26、namicsettlement|振陷（动沉降）dynamicshearmodulusofsoils|动剪切模量dynamicstrength|动力强度dynamicstrengthofsoils|动强度dynamicsubgradereactionmethod|动基床反力法dynamictriaxialtest|三轴试验earthpressure|土压力earthpressureatrest|静止土压力earthquakeengineering|地震工程earthquakeintensity|地震烈度earthquakemagnitude|震级earthquakeresponsespectru
27、m|地震反应谱effectivestress|有效应力effectivestressapproachofshearstrength|剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法effectivestressfailureenvelop|有效应力破坏包线effectivestressstrengthparameter|有效应力强度参数effectiveunitweight|有效重度efficiencyfactorofpilegroups|群桩效率系数（）efficiencyofpilegroups|群桩效应elastichalf-spacefoundationmodel|弹性半空间地基模型elastichalf-sp
28、acetheoryoffoundationvibration|基础振动弹性半空间理论elasticmodel|弹性模型elasticmodulus|弹性模量elastoplasticmodel|弹塑性模型embeddeddepthoffoundation|基础埋置深度end-bearingpile|端承桩engineeringgeologicinvestigation|工程地质勘察equivalentlumpedparametermethod|等效集总参数法equivalentnodeload|等小结点荷载evaluationofliquefaction|液化势评价ewateringmetho
29、d|降低地下水位法excavation|开挖（挖方）excessporewaterpressure|超孔压力expansivegroundtreatment|膨胀土地基处理expansivesoil|膨胀土failurecriterion|破坏准则failureoffoundation|基坑失稳fallingheadpermeability|变水头试验fatiguetest|疲劳试验Felleniusmethodofslices|费纽伦斯条分法fieldpermeabilitytest|现场渗透试验fieldvaneshearstrength|十字板抗剪强度fillingcondition|填筑条件finalset|最后贯入度finalsettlement|最终沉降finesand|细砂finiteelementmethod|有限员法flexiblefoundation|柔性基础floorheave|底膨flownet|流网flowingsoil|流土foundationdesign|基础设计foundationengine
