1、vt.提神;使恢复精力;使想起;（网页）刷新refresh sbs memory 使某人想起refresh sbs drink 给某人添酒8.side benefit 附加的好处side effect 副作用side issue 次要问题sideline n.副业；兼职9.put on sunscreen 涂抹防晒霜10.glacier n.冰川11.face n.地貌geographical features 地理特征12.The environmental challenges are significant.环境挑战极大。13.ecosystem n.生态系统14.rainforest
2、n.热带雨林15.mountainside n.山坡；山腰mountaintop n.山顶16.highlands n.高地；高原17.an arctic-like zone 一片类似于北极的区域18.permanent snow 永久性积雪19.polar bear 北极熊20.landmass n.地块；陆块21.human settlements 人类定居点；人类聚集地human race 人类22.subpopulation n.亚群体23be situated in 位于24.peak n.山峰；顶峰25.reflective boards 反光板26.weather-beaten
3、a.日晒雨淋的；饱经风霜的27.sun-starved a.渴望阳光的28.a pack of wolves 一群狼29.thanks to 多亏30.marine a.海洋的；海军的31.microorganism n.微生物32.ocean surface 海洋表面33.Climate change will fuelthe growth of this plant.fuel vt.加速；加燃料；使更加强烈34.key characteristics 关键特征35.aclimate model天气模型36.multiple and significant changes 多样而重大的变化3
4、7.warning signals 预警信号38.species （单复数同形） n.物种endangered species 濒危物种precious species 珍稀物种39.build a mathematical model 建一个数学模型40.food chain/web 食物链41.key principles 重要原则42.be threatened with extinction 遭受灭绝的威胁face extinction 面临灭绝extinct a.死的；绝种的43.affect the ecological balance 影响生态平衡44.borderline n.
5、临界线tipping point 临界点45.prey n.猎物46.go out of existence 销声匿迹；灭绝47.a panda foundation 大熊猫基金会48.human caretaker 人工护理员49.artificial breeding 人工繁殖natural reproduction 自然繁衍50.on the decline 处于下降中Many factors contributed to the decline.许多因素导致这种下降/衰退。51.extinct volcano 死火山52.ever-lasting influence 永久的影响53.b
6、irds view 鸟瞰;自高处俯视的全景54.negative consequence 消极性后果；不良后果55.a major factor 主要因素56.spared and unaffected areas 闲置的、未受人类影响的地块57.ecologist n.生态学家58.woodcutter n.伐木者59.snowmelt n.冰雪融化60.dampness of the air 空气湿度II.2018年真题61.berries and stone fruits 浆果和核果62.landfill n.垃圾填埋场63.worm n.蠕虫|vt.蠕动earthworm n.蚯蚓64
7、.microbiologist n.微生物学家65.previous studies 以前的研究66.sharp awareness 明锐的意识67.fascination n.着迷；令人着迷的事物68.swaken senses 唤醒感官69.spot a bird 发现一只鸟70.Nature unfoldsto people who watch and wait.大自然只展现给那些用心观察、原意等待的人们。71.open a new dimension 打开一个新的层面spiritual dimension精神层面social dimension社会背景72.green bushes 绿
8、色灌木丛73.sustainable development 可持续发展74.farmland conservation 耕地资源保护75reduce litter 减少垃圾76.the plastic shopping bag 塑料购物袋reusable bags 可再用购物袋77.environmentalist n.环境保护主义者78.recycle vt.回收再利用；翻新recycle old ideas 翻新旧观念79.garbage collection 收垃圾80.green technology 环保技术go green 减少污染III.2017年真题81.chick n.雏鸟
9、；小鸡82.pest n.有害小动物；害虫83.construct a nest 筑巢；搭窝84.natural substitute 自然替代品85.an insect bite 昆虫的叮咬insecticide n.杀虫剂pesticide n.杀虫剂；农药86.in the wilderness 在荒芜的地方；在荒郊野外87.a travel trailer 旅行房车88.a leafy plant 多叶植物89.a maple tree 枫树90.organic compounds 有机化合物91.Some plants pump outsmelly chemicalsto keep
10、insects away.有些植物释放出又臭味的化学物质来防御昆虫。92.cheerful scenes 欢快的场景93.reintroduce vt.重新引入；再次使用94.displace vt.使离开家园；取代95.plant diversity 植物多样性96.oppose the plan 反对该项计划97.monitor the wolf packs 监控狼群98.make/stage a comeback 东山再起；再度流行99.preservation of vegetation 植被的保护101.clean energy 清洁能源102.reduce carbon emmis
11、sion 减少碳排放103.adapt to climate change 适应天气变化104.not-for-profit organizationg 非营利性组织non-profit organization 非营利性组织105.a solar panel 太阳能电池板106.agricultural irrigation 农业灌溉107.greenhouse n.温室；暖房greenhouse gase 温室气体（尤指二氧化碳）108.fall victim to 受损于；被害于109.population explosion 人口大爆炸110.energy savings 节约能源111.recyclable materials 可循环利用的材料112.throwaway products 一次性使用的产品113.reprocess metal 金属再加工
