1、高考英语北京卷试题及解析2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）英 语 (考试时间:100分钟 试卷满分:120分)考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.
2、I _1_(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously _2_ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to _3_(I) the two simple wor
3、ds “Be yourself”.【答案】1. voiced 2. facing 3. myself【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者一年级对交友感到困惑，妈妈的建议Be yourself让他受益终身。【1题详解】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去式。故填voiced。【2题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填
4、facing。【3题详解】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Earth Day，_4_(mark)on 22 April，is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated _5_ 19
5、70，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various _6_(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree，make a meal with locally grown vegetables，or save powerthe possibilities are endless.【答案】4. marked 5. in
6、 6. activities【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了地球日这一节日的历史和意义。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日于4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，设空处是要做名词Earth Day的后置定语，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。【5题详解】考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。【6题详解】考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动。根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activitie
7、s。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question _7_(suggest)that，for most students，it doesnt. What students do at college seems to matter much more than _8_ they go. The students benefitting most from col
8、lege are those _9_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life,taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources(资源).Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _1
9、0_(meaning)college experience.【答案】7. suggests/suggested/has suggested 8. where 9. who/that 10. meaningful【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，大学的名气对学生来说并不重要，从大学生活中受益最多的是完全投入学术生活，充分利用大学机会和资源的学生。所以要以正确的态度来选择大学。【7题详解】考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。【
10、8题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，作状语。故用where。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。_3_ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.是定语从句，修饰先行词those，空格处在句中作主语，代指人，故填who或that。【10题详解】考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词college experience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分
11、)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been _11_ free rides to college students for the past
12、eight years. Since he first started _12_ his car to the young people. Wilson has _13_ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous _14_ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who hes _15_ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and eng
13、ineers, but what theyve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students _16_ call him “Grandpa”.Tina Stern _17_ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free _18_. Its not just a ride；youre
14、not just sitting there in _19_ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually _20_ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, hell _21_ those things.Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Poin
15、t for College. Although the _22_ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes _23_ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to _24_ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will
16、 drive to the nearest store and purchase whats needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never _25_ to buy them a meal.For many students, Wilsons help is not only appreciated, its also entirely _26_ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some st
17、udents dont have a reliable car, while others have to _27_ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has _28_ them to complete their education but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the _29_. “I just love driving and I love these kids, Wilson said.
18、Its such a(n) _30_ to be a part of these kids lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered14. A. arguments
19、B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious20. A. sel
20、ects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary
21、 D. adequate27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience【答案】11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. D 23.
22、C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来一直免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。【11题详解】考查动词辨析。A. linking连接；B. sending寄送； C. offering提供；D. distributing分配。根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。【12题详解】考查动词辨析。A. donating 捐献，捐赠；B. lending借出；C. deliver
23、ing发表，投递；D. volunteering自愿。根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。【13题详解】考查动词辨析。A. paved铺设，安排；B. covered行走，覆盖；C. measured测量，判断；D. wandered 徘徊，漫步。Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。故B选项正确。【14题详解】考查名词辨析。A. arguments争论；B. interviews接见，采访；C. negotiations谈判；D. conversations
24、谈话。 Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间有愉快幽默的“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。【15题详解】考查动词辨析。A. met 遇见；B. driven驾车，开车；C. addressed从事，忙于，写地址；D. greeted问候，迎接。根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”， drive意为“驾车送（人）”。故B选项正确。【16题详解】考查副词辨析。A. even甚至；B. ever永远，曾经；C. once一次，曾经；D. alre
25、ady已经。这些学生将Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。【17题详解】考查动词辨析。A. earned获得；B. received收到；C. assessed评估；D. demanded要求。根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿获得免费的乘车机会。故B选项正确。【18题详解】考查名词辨析。A .transportation 运输，运送；B. style风格，类型；C. time时间，次数；D. communication交流。对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。transportat
26、ion意为“运送”。故A选项正确。【19题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. forced强迫的；B. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的；C. ridiculous可笑的；D. suspicious 可疑的，怀疑的。Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。【20题详解】考查动词辨析。A .selects选择；B. recites 背诵；C. guesses猜测；D. remembers记住，记得。每次坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。故D选项正确。【21题
27、详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. act on对起作用；B. settle on定居，决定；C. check on检查，核实；D. agree on对取得一致意见。在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候， Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。A. club俱乐部；B. league联盟，社团；C. college大学；D. programme项目，计划。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目
28、作了一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。根据上句中的“student-support programme”可知，D选项正确。【23题详解】考查副词辨析。A. far远地；B. around到处；C. beyond更远处，超过；D. forwards向前。结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to _ them. If they run out ofIf a student gets hungry”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。24题详解】考查动词辨析。A.
29、 assist帮助；B. watch观看；C. urge强烈要求；D. warm使温暖。如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。故A选项正确。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。A. expects期望；B. attempts试图；C. manages经营，设法；D. hesitates犹豫。从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。故D选项正确。【26题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. extra额外的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. necessary
30、必需的；D. adequate充足的，适当的。根据下文中“Some students dont have a reliable car, while others.For them, riding with Wilson has _ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必需的。故C选项正确。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。A. share分享；B. fuel加燃料；C. repair修理；D. exchange交换。有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用
31、车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。故A选项正确。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。A. required需要；B. allowed允许；C. reminded提醒，使想起；D. convinced说服，使信服。乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allow sb. to do sth.。故B选项正确。【29题详解】考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. arrangement安排；C. appreciation欣赏，感激；D. employment 雇用，使用。Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。A. effort努力；B. ambition雄心，志向；C. privilege荣幸，特权，优待；D. convenience 方便，便利。Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确。第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWant to explore new cultures，meet new pe
