1、高中英语必修三第四单元教案(3,4)重点词汇1. n.c 系统；体系；制度；方法 systematic adj 有系统的; 有条理的典例 The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets. 练习 根据意思完成句子。1). The _ _ (教育系统) operates very differently in the US and China.2). He introduced us a well-designed _ _ (铁路系统).2. vt. (laid, laid, laying) 把放下；摆设；铺(地毯) ；产(蛋)典例1
2、). He laid his hand on my shoulder. 2). Who should we lay the blame on? 重点用法 lay短语：lay eggs 下蛋 lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；积蓄（钱）lay sth. down 把某物放下 lay the blame on sb.责备某人lay the table 摆桌子 lay emphasis / stress on sth. 把重点放在某事上；强调练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). The bird _ its eggs in other birds nests. 2).
3、He is a political leader that _ _ _ _ (非常强调) individual responsibility. 3). He _ some money _ for rainy days. 3. adj. 有害的；伤害的 harm n.&vt. 伤害（某人） 其反义词为harmless典例There is no harm in doing sth./It does no harm to do sth.做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)It is harmful to your health to drink too much.He may say no，but the
4、res no harm in asking.重点用法be harmful to sb./sth. 对有害 do harm to sb.= do sb. harm = harm sb. 对有害；伤害练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). Everyone knows that smoking is _ to your health. 2). In many cases, too much care for children from parents might even do _ to their growth.3). 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛伤害很大。_ Doctors alwa
5、ys tell us that drinking too much_our health，but some people dont care.Ais harm to Bdoes harmful to Cis harmful to Ddo harm to4. vi. 存在；生存 existence n. 存在典例1). Does life exist on Mars? 2). I can hardly exist on the wage I m getting. 重点用法exist + prep. 存在于地方 exist on sth. 靠某物生存 练习 用exist的短语或其适当形式填空。1)
6、. This plant _ only _ Australia. 2). Can you _ _ such a low salary?3). I doubt the _ (exist) of alien.5. vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思 n.谜；难题 puzzled adj.无法了解的；困惑的 puzzling adj.令人费解的典例Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me. Her puzzled look on her face suggested she didnt understand what I said.I h
7、ave been puzzling about this question for weeks.重点用法sth. puzzles sb. 某事使某人迷惑/为难 sb. be puzzled by sth. 某人对感到迷惑puzzle about/over sth. 对某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解） puzzle one s brain苦思苦想；绞尽脑汁solve a puzzle 解决一个难题练习 用puzzle的适当形式填空或翻译。1). To explain the _ (puzzle) findings, he offers two theories. 2). _ _ _ (使我困惑
8、的事情) is why he left the country without telling anyone.3). She listened with a _ (puzzle) expression on her face.4). No one has yet succeeded in explaining the _ (puzzle) of how life began.完成句子She has lost heart since she failed in the exam.She_(对将来感到迷茫)6. v.拉，拖，拔；移动 n.拉，拖；拉(引)力典例1). You push and I
9、ll pull. 2). I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round. He pulled the door open and rushed out.The police car signalled to us to pull in. We waved as the train pulled out of the station.The doctor told me that I would pull through.重点用法pull off (sth)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路）（至路侧停车处停下） pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出
10、；驶离（车站）pull down拆毁；摧毁 pull in(车辆)进站停靠；靠边停靠 pull through康复；痊愈 pull together 同心协力；通力合作练习 用pull短语的适当形式填空。1). I arrived as the last train was _ _.2). He _ _ a gun and aimed at the criminal.3). So long as we _ _, there s no mountain we cant conquer.用pull的短语填空：(1)Houses were_to make way for a new highway.
11、(2)Cheer up！Take more exercise every day and you will_.(3)John_behind me and parked.7. vt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼 cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的 典例1). The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared. 2). He was greatly cheered by the news. 重点用法cheer sb. on为某人加油 cheer (sb) up（使某人）更高兴或更快活练习 用cheer的短
12、语或其适当形式填空。1). Your visit has greatly _ him up.2). The crowd _ the runners _ as they started the last lap. 重点词组1. = to start with 以开始；由作为开头；首先典例To begin/start with, I couldn t understand a single word. 重点用法begin/start with 从开始 begin/start sth with 从开始 练习 根据句子的意思完成句子。1). He _ his speech _ a poem. 2).
13、His speech _ _ a poem.3). _ _ _, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old. 2. 及时；最终；迟早 典例 He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time.Will you be home in time to see the children before they go to bed？If you keep on，you will succeed in time.At one time，half the land
14、 on the Earths surface was covered by forest.You must give your homework to the teacher on time.短语归纳 time短语：in time for sth./ to do sth. 及时；不迟 in no time 立刻；马上 at no time永不 at one time 有个时期；曾经；一度 at a time 一次；每次 at times = sometimes 有时all the time 一直；始终；老是 on time 按时；准时 by the time到的时候为止for the time
15、 being 暂时；暂且 kill time 消磨时间from time to time 不时地，间或 many a time 常常；多次 once upon a time 从前at the same time 同时；尽管如此 ahead of time 提前，提早 race against time 争分夺秒keep time (钟表)走得准 keep bad time（钟、表）走得不准take one s time 慢慢来，别急 have a good/nice/hard time (in) doing sth 做某事很 It s (high/about) time that sb. di
16、d/ should do sth. 是做某事的时候了 练习 用time短语填空。1). They sent the mail to me just _ _, before I 1eft.2). William arrived at the theatre just _ _ for the play was to be on. 3). Hurry up! The concert will begin _ _ _. 4). _ _ _ will I give up. 5). The boy laughed and cried _ _ _ _.6). _ _ _ he was addicted to
17、 playing web games, but now he devotes himself to writing, which delights his parents.7). Dont try to do everything at once; take it a bit _ _ _.8). Youll have your own office soon, but _ _ _ _ you ll have to share one with me.(1)I am afraid I cant return the book to you before Friday._.(2)_there we
18、re not so many cars on the streets.(3)_I go out to the beach to relax.3. 轮到某人；接着 典例 When it is in my turn，I am too excited to speak.The customer praised the manager，who in turn praised his staff.All theories are derived from practice and in turn serve practice.Now it is your turn to look after the c
19、hildren. 短语归纳 turn短语：by turns轮流；一阵一阵 Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了take turns (to do sth.)轮流（做某物） in turn依次，轮流；反之，反过来 练习 用turn短语翻译句子。我们轮流着开车。_ (湖北)People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars，and this_creates further problems.Ain short Bin case Cin doubt Din turn4. = s
20、top.from = keep.from 使不做事；阻止做某事典例 His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrow s game. No one can prevent this plan from being carried out.Once he has made up his mind，nothing can prevent him from doing so.His advice prevented/kept/stopped me from making a serious mistake.He wears sungla
21、sses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.【用法辨析】注意: prevent / stop sb. from doing sth.中的from可省, keep sb. from doing sth.中from不可省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被动语态中，三者的from都不可省；当后接sb s doing sth. 作宾语时，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep。练习 根据句子的意思完成句子或翻译。1). Doctors took action to _ _ _ _ _ (防止
22、这种疾病的蔓延).2). Of course I can t _ your going abroad. 3). 警察阻止他们携带武器。_ 完成句子Measures have been taken to_(阻止河流污染)5. 挡住（光线）典例That wall blocks out all the light. 短语归纳 out短语：break out 爆发，发生 burst out 大声喊叫，突然起来 go out 外出；过时；(灯)熄put out 关(灯)；扑灭；生产 come out 出现，显露；出版，结果是help out 帮助解决难题(或摆脱困境)look out留神；注意 watc
23、h out 注意；提防 find out 找出，查明，发现pick out挑出，辨认出，分辨出 speak out 大声地说，大胆地说 think out仔细思考某事；想出（主意等） hang out 挂出，闲逛 knock out (拳击中)击倒，打昏 sell out 售完(某种货物)，脱销turn out 结果证明是 run out (of) 用完，耗尽 check out 结帐离去，办妥手续离去hand out 分发，散发 give out 分发；用完，消耗尽；发出(光、声音等)练习 用out短语填空。1). At the end of the race his legs _ _ an
24、d he collapsed on the ground.2). It s easy to _ him _ in a crowd because he is very tall. 3). His nwe book will _ _ next month.4). We thought it was going to rain; it _ _ to be a fine day.5). We _ _ of/from our hotel at 5 a.m. to catch a 7 a.m. flight.6. = set off 出发；动身；不用上班/学/开张典例 Then we were off.
25、 短语归纳 off短语：get off 下车 fall off 从摔下来 take off 脱下；起飞 keep off 远离 turn off 关闭 pay off 付清，还清 set.off 给送行 kick off 踢球jump off 跳下 give off 散发 show off 炫耀 shut off 关闭 练习 用turn短语填空或翻译。1). It is a Sunday and we _ _ (不用上班) today.2). Her husband _ _ on a business trip somewhere. 3). There we saw a sign readin
26、g, “_ _ the grass”.4). After ten years of hard work, she finally _ _ all her debts. 7. (灾难、战争等) 突发；爆发典例 Fire broke out during the night. 短语归纳 break短语：break away from 脱离（党派）；摆脱（控制） break down毁掉；坏掉；(计划/谈判)失败break up打碎；拆散；(会议)结束；分裂(解体) break off (使)停止；中断；折断 break into sth. 强行进入某处 break one s word/promi
27、se食言；说话不算数练习 用break短语填空。1). Negotiations between the two sides have _ _.2). His house was _ _ last week. 8. 密切注视；当心；提防 典例 Watch out! There s a car coming. 重点用法watch out for sb/sth 警惕或注意某人/事物 watch over 保护；照看 练习 用watch短语填空。1). There must have been an angel _ _ me that day.2). You ll become an alcoholic if you don t _ _.9. (使)高兴；使振奋；感到振奋Give Mary a call，she needs cheering up.Cheer up！Our troubles will soon be over.When Im feeling sad my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me up.They do this in order to encourage crowds to cheer their sports team.
