1、（例句中，who作定语从句的主语，同时起着连接作用，在意思上，指代的是前面的先行词the boy。B.关系代词i.指人时可以用who, 也可用that。Do you know the boy who/that is my desk mate?The man who/that was killed in the accident is Toms uncle.ii.指物时可以用which, 也可用that。I like visiting places which/that are not far away.How do you like the film which/that was shown
2、last Sunday.iii.whose可以指人也可以指物。He was a painter whose pictures were not well- known in his life time.The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year.iv.关系代词作宾语时可以省略。I like the meal that/which / （ ） we had last night.Do you know the boy who/whom/that/（ ） we talked about just now? 注：（）表示关系代词省略C.关系
3、副词关系副词在从句中只能作状语。when 指时间，where指地点，why指原因，how不能作关系词。如：1We will put off the picnic until next week when the weather may be better. 2He has reached the point where a change is needed.3That is no reason why you should leave.4This is the way how I did it. （how不能作关系词）基础过关1. 用合适的关系词完成句子。1The man _ /_ was h
4、ere yesterday is a painter.2The man _ /_ /_ /_ I saw is called Smith.3A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan.4Id like a room _ window looks out over the sea.5A letter _ /_ is written in pencil is hard to read.6The letter _ / _ /_ I received from him yesterday is very important.7That is the b
5、oy _ / _ / _ / _ you are looking for.8Do you know the reason _ he was late for the meeting？9This is the school _ I used to study.10I still remember the day _ we met for the first time.2. 用符号标出下列句子的主句、定语从句、先行词和关系词。_ 定语从句:（ ）先行词 关系词： 例：This is the book （that I have been looking for）.1The movie that we
6、 saw last night is very exciting.2Have you bought the book which we talked about？3I still remember the day which we spent together last week.4He still lives in the house whose windows face south.5The boy whose father is a policeman speaks English most fluently in our class.6The girl who you met was
7、Johns sister.7There is no reason why we shouldnt be friends.8They arrived in the early morning when the sky was still dark.9The days were gone when we had to travel on horses.10Is this the hospital where you were born?考点2.关系词的选择技巧A.选用哪个关系词，关键是看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分含有定语从句的复合句可以分为两部分：主句和从句。关系词是定语从句的一个成分。选用关系
8、词，要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分，而不是看先行词是什么词性。1He worked in the factory which produces TV sets.2He worked in the factory where his father had worked.3I like the school which is near to my home.4I like the school where my sister studies.在句和句中，先行词前都有in, 但关系词有用which也有用where的；在句和句中，先行词都是the school, 但关系词有用which也有用wher
9、e的。因此，我们可以看出，对关系词起决定性作用的并不是先行词。在句和句中，关系词在定语从句中都是作主语，因此用的都是关系代词which；在句和句中，关系词在定语从句中都是作状语，因此都是用关系副词where。我们可以看出，用哪个关系词，主要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。B.选用关系词的方法：一“找”二“还”三“替换”1.找：就是先把句子分为主句和从句两部分，再找出先行词和关系词。（参看本章第1讲）2.还：根据先行词提示的意思，大胆地把定语从句还原为完整的一句话。（可以添词）3.替换：用关系词替换定语从句中还原后添加的部分，作主语和宾语用关系代词，作状语用关系副词。（时间状语用when，地点状
10、语用where, 原因状语用why）（同初中时做的“对画线部分提问”相似，该用what的时候用which/that即可）例如：1This is the school _ I once studied.2This is the school _ is the most famous in the city.3I am studying at a school _ my father teaches English.找：（略）还原：根据先行词的提示，这三句话的定语从句还原成完整的一句话后分别为：I once studied at the school.The school is the most
11、famous in the city.My father teaches English at the school.粗斜体部分为根据先行词的意思把关系词还原后的部分。替换：根据 “对画线部分提问”的规则，1.和3.用where, 2.本该用what, 在定语从句中该用what的要换为which/that。因此，答案为：1.where；2. that/which；3. whereC.关系词一般要位于定语从句的句首【2009江西】The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in i
12、t B. in C. in that D. in which 答案与分析：A没有关系词，不能连接两句话；C介词后不能用that；D关系词一般不位于句末；而B可以看作是关系代词作宾语、放在句首并且省略了。因此选B。利用一“找”二“还”三“替换”的方法选择关系词1.Is this the reason _ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. that B. what C. how D. why2.Is this the reason _ he was so careless in his work?3.Th
13、e reason _ he didnt come was _ he was ill.A. why; that B. that; why C. for that; that D. for which; what4.He lives in a village _ is not far from the city.A. which B. where C. what D. whose5.He lives in the village _ he was born.6.In an hour, we travel to places _ could have taken our ancestors days
14、 to reach.A. where B. when C. which D. what 7.In an hour, we travel to places _ we can relax and get refreshed.A. where B. when C. which D. what8.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.A. that B. / C. when D. A and B9.【2014湖南】I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book an
15、d know my feelings for her.A. as B. why C. when D. where10.If we want to have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways _ do not do harm to other living things. A. in which B. / C. how D. that11.Is this the factory _ color TV sets are produced?A. when B. the one whereC. that D. in which12.Is thi
16、s factory _ color TV sets are produced?A. which B. the one where13.This is the factory _ produces color TV sets.A. where B. the one where14.【2010天津】Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barbers _ I go. Its only 15.A. as B. which C. where D. that15.【2011陕西】I walked
17、up to the top of the hill with my friend, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. where C. who D. that16.【2011福建】She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.A. which B. where C. what D. who17.【2012江西】By 16:30, _ was almo
18、st closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. A. which B. when C. what D. that18.【2013山东】Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world. A. when B. whereC. which D. whom I.单句改错1.【2010重庆】Firstly, a friend is someone you can share your secrets. 2.【2010重庆】
19、After hearing your sad stories, he will say some words that is nice and warm. 3.【2006江西】I read your e-mail to qq 329950885 my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me.4.I often think of the days when we spent on the island together. 5.This is the museum where you visited the other day. 6.
20、Have you ever been to Shanghai, where I left ten years ago?II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）7.【2014新课标】Maybe you have a habit_ is driving your family crazy. 8.【2014广东】The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _we watched some people play volleyball. 9.【2014湖南】People should not do things _ will disturb their n
21、eighbors unnecessarily. 10.【2014安徽】The exact year _ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.11.【2015课标】Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.12.【20
22、15广东】When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market _ people from the town met regularly.III.写作技能提升13.【2012上海】在展览会上，公司销售经理展示了孩子们翘首以盼的新型电子玩具。（demonstrate）14.这本书对我帮助很大，特别是在好印象是必须的工作中。（help greatly, expression, a must）15.我认为学生应当参加社区活动，在活动中他们可以为成长获得经验。（involv
23、e oneself in, community activities, gain experience）16.我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。第2讲只能用that不能用which的情况考点1.先行词是anything, something, nothing, everything等不定代词时1.He never reads anything _ is not worth reading.A. which B. as C. who D. that2.【2010全国2】I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses f
24、ault. A. who B. that C. as D. what 考点2.先行词是all, much，little, none或先行词被all, much, little, no, any修饰时3.There is not much _ can be done.A. that B. which C. what D. how4.There is no difficulty _ cant be overcome in the world.A. that B. which C. who D. what 5.【2014陕西】Please send us all the information_ y
25、ou have about the candidate for the position.A. that B. which C. as D. what6.You can take any seat _ is free.A. that B. / C. which D. it考点3.先行词被最高级、序数词以及 the first, the last, the very, the only, the same修饰时7.The most important thing _ we should pay attention to is the first thing _ I have said.A. wh
26、ich; which C. which; which D. that; that8.My watch is not the only thing _ is missing.A. that B. it C. which who9.This is the very film _ Ive long wished to see. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 10.This is the last time _ I shall come here to help you. A. that B. which C. when D. what 11.Its the thir
27、d time _ late this month.A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that youve arrived D. when youve arrived考点4.先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词用that12.Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night.A. which B. whom C. who D. that13.He talked a lot about things and pe
28、rsons _ they remembered in the school.A. which B. that C. whom D. what考点5.关系代词在从句中作表语或there be结构中的实意主语时, that可指人或物，且通常省略（概括为：在从句中位于be后。此条仅作了解）He still talks like the man （that） he was ten years ago.他谈起话来仍像十年前一样。The train is the fastest train （that） there has ever been.这列火车是有史以来最快的火车。14.She is no longer the sweet girl _ she used to be.A. what B. who C. when D. that考点6.当先行词前面有which，who等疑问代词时，为避免重复，用关系代词that同理，当先行词是that, those时，常用关系代词which或who。Whats that which is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是
