1、英语词汇学自考题模拟10英语词汇学自考题模拟10.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.1. We consider that the written form of a natural language is the written record of the _ form.A.writtenB.practicalC.oralD
2、.grammatical答案：C解答 It is generally agreed that the written form of a natural language is the written record of the oral form. 一般认为，一门自然语言的书写形式是该语言口语形式的记录。答案为C。2. _ refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades and professions communicate among themselve
3、s.A.SlangB.ArgotC.JargonD.Archaism答案：C解答 Jargon refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades and professions communicate among themselves. 行话是流行于艺术、科学、商业和其他职业内部的专有词汇。答案为C。3. Which of the following doesnt belong to the translation-loans?_A.Mother tongue
4、.B.Long time no see.C.Black humour.D.Status quo.答案：D解答 译借词是利用母语现有的词语但在构词模式上模仿了外语构成的词。Mother tongue(母语)译自lingua materna(拉丁语)，long time no see译自汉语的“好久不见”，black humor(黑色幽默)译自humour noir(法语)，status quo是英语词汇。答案为D。4. Which of the following is not included in the Germanic tribes?_A.Angles.B.Celtic.C.Saxons
5、.D.Jutes.答案：B解答 After the Romans, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons, and Jutes came in great numbers. 继古罗马人之后，盎格鲁、撒克逊和朱特3个日耳曼部落大批入侵英伦三岛。凯尔特人不属于日耳曼部落。答案为B。5. Which of the following is not true about Old English?_A.Users of Old English borrowed heavily from Latin and other languages.B.Old Engl
6、ish has a vocabulary of about 50000 to 60000.C.Old English refers to the English language used from 450 to 1150.D.Old English was a highly inflected language.答案：A解答 Users of Old English did not borrow as heavily from Latin or other languages in this period as they did later，故A错误。答案为A。6. In modern ti
7、mes, _ is the most important way of vocabulary expansion.A.creationB.semantic changeC.borrowingD.reviving archaic or obsolete words答案：A解答 In modern times, creation is the most important way of vocabulary expansion. 答案为A。7. In the word contradiction, the morpheme -diet is a(an) _.A.free rootB.bound r
8、ootC.free morphemeD.affix答案：B解答 词素-dict必须与别的词素结合在一起才能构成词，因此判断，在“contradiction”一词中，词素“-dict”是bound root。粘附词根就如自。由词根一样，是带有基本意义的词的组成部分。与自由词根不同的是，粘附词根是一种粘附形式，必须与别的词素结合在一起才能构成词。答案为B。8. Word formation excludes _.A.affixation and compoundingB.conversion and shorteningC.chipping, acronymy and blendingD.repe
9、tition and alliteration答案：D解答 The most productive means of word-formation are affixation, compounding and conversion. The rest of the new words come from shortening including clipping and acronymy together with blending and other means. 最为多产的方式是词缀法、复合法和转类法。剩余的新词来自缩略法，包括截短法和首字拼音法，加上自拼法和其他途径。答案为D。9. T
10、he primary function of suffixes is to _.A.change the word-class of rootsB.change the meaning of stemsC.change the grammatical function of stemsD.change the structure of roots答案：C解答 The primary function of suffixes is to change the grammatical function of stems. 后缀的主要功用是改变词干意义的语法功能。答案为C。10. The follo
11、wing are all denominal suffixes except _.A.-fulB.-wiseC.-lessD.-like答案：B解答 -wise是副词后缀。答案为B。11. The house in the peasant housed him belongs to the conversion _.A.between noun and adjectiveB.between noun and verbC.between verb and adjectiveD.none of the above答案：B解答 house在“the peasant housed him”中作动词用，
12、表示“提供住处”，而house原本是名词，因此这是名词和动词之间的转类。答案为B。12. A word is the combination of form and _.A.spellingB.writingC.meaningD.denoting答案：C解答 We know that a word is the combination of form and meaning. 我们知道词是形式和意义的结合体。答案为C。13. Walkman is a _ motivated word.A.onomatopoeicallyB.morphologicallyC.semanticallyD.etym
13、ologically答案：D解答 walkman(随身听)源于商标名Walkman，因此属于词源理据。答案为D。14. Stylistic meaning refers to the features of _ of words.A.formalityB.affectivenessC.appropriatenessD.part of speech答案：A解答 在某些词典中，词的文体特征被标明为“正式”、“非正式”、“书面的”、“古词的”、“俚语”等，不同的场合适用不同的正式程度的词，所以文体意义是指词的正式程度。答案为A。15. The problem of interrelation of
14、the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from _ different angles.A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four答案：B解答 The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from two different angles: diachronic approach and synchronic approach. 答案为B。16. Of the types of homon
15、yms, _ constitute the largest number and are most common.A.perfect homonymsB.homophonesC.homographsD.antonymy答案：B解答 Of the three types, homophones constitute the largest number and are most common. 答案为B。17. _ is contrary antonymy.A.True and falseB.Rich and poorC.Parent and childD.Male and female答案：B
16、解答 true(对)与false(错)，male(男性)与female(女性)这两对反义词属于互为矛盾的反义词，肯定一方就否定另一方。parent(家长)与child(孩子)属于表示相互关系的反义词，是互为依托的。rich(富)与poor(穷)可视为在两极之间的尺度上有相互关系，属于相对反义词，即contrary terms。答案为B。18. Extension of meaning is known as _.A.elevationB.generalizationC.transferD.degradation答案：B解答 Extension of meaning is also known
17、as generalization. 词义的扩大也称普遍化。答案为B。19. The semantic change of the word girl from a young person of either sex to female young person is called _.A.extensionB.narrowingC.degradationD.elevation答案：A解答 girl的词语显然缩小了，因此属于词义缩小。答案为B。20. In the sentence She said with an embarrassed laugh. , the word embarras
18、sed can be classified into _ sense of transfer.A.subjectiveB.objectiveC.sensationalD.physical答案：A解答 embarrassed一词表示“感到尴尬的”，是主观的，属于主观意义的转移，即subjective sense of transfer。答案为A。21. _ is very important for the understanding of word-meaning.A.SpellingB.PronunciationC.ContextD.None of the above答案：C解答 Conte
19、xt is very important for the understanding of word-meaning. 语境在词义的理解上起着举足轻重的作用。答案为C。22. The sentence He is a hard businessman. is ambiguous due to _.A.grammatical structureB.lexical contextC.homonymyD.polysemy答案：C解答 由于词的多义性和同音同形异义性，歧义现象经常出现。多义词出现在不完整的语境中时，歧义就出现了，如：He is a hard businessman. 在这样的语境中，h
20、ard一词既可以作“勤劳的”讲，又可以作“难对付的”讲。这句话的语境没能对该词的意义加以限定，所以读者难以确定其确切的含义。如果原句扩展为He is a hard businessman to deal with，就不会有误解了。答案为D。23. In a broad sense, idioms may include _.A.colloquialismsB.catchphrasesC.slang expressionsD.all the above and others答案：D解答 In a broad sense, idioms may include colloquialisms, ca
21、tchphrases, slang expressions, proverbs, etc. 从广义上讲，习语可以包括口语词、时髦语、俚语、谚语等。答案为D。24. Let the dog see the rabbit is an idiom _.A.nominal in natureB.adjectival in natureC.verbal in natureD.adverbial in nature答案：C解答 Let the dog see the rabbit的意思是“不要妨碍别人看或干某事”，表达动词词义。答案为C。25. Hang in there, old buddy: the
22、worst is yet to come. In this sentence, Hang in there uses _.A.colloquialismsB.slangC.literary expressionsD.alliteration答案：A解答 Hang in there, old buddy; the worst is yet to come. ”这句话意为“老兄，别在那泄气，更糟糕的还在后头呢。”hang in(there)意为“不要放弃”，属于口语词，即colloquialism。答案为A。26. _ refers to idioms in which the name of o
23、ne thing is used for that of another associated with it.A.PersonificationB.EuphemismC.SynecdocheD.Metonymy答案：D解答 Metonymy refers to idioms in which the name of one thing is used for that of another associated with it. 答案为D。27. Linguistic dictionaries usually cover such areas as _.A.spelling and pron
24、unciationB.meaning and grammatical functionC.usage and etymologyD.all the above答案：D解答 Linguistic dictionaries usually cover such areas as spelling, pronunciation, meaning, grammatical function, usage and etymology, etc. 语言词典通常包括拼写、发音、意义、语法功能、用法及词源等这些方面。答案为D。28. A geographical dictionary is called _.
25、A.yearbookB.gazetteerC.manualD.lexicon答案：B解答 A geographical dictionary is called a gazetteer. 有关地理知识的辞典是地名词典，属于专用辞典。答案为B。29. CCELD is a brand new dictionary, similar in scope and size to _.A.WebsterB.LongmanC.OxfordD.Collins答案：B解答 CCELD is a brand new dictionary, similar in scope and size to Longman
26、. 科林斯英语词典是一本全新的词典，在范围和规模上与朗文当代英语词典相当。答案为B。30. The main entries are generally defined or explained in the same language with translations are _.A.monolingual dictionariesB.bilingual dictionariesC.encyclopedic dictionariesD.pocket dictionaries答案：B解答 In bilingual dictionaries, the main entries are gene
27、rally defined or explained in the same language with translation. 答案为B。.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.1. Content words are changing all the time whereas _ words are stable.答案：functional解答 实义词一直在变化而什么词是稳定的?Content words are growing whe
28、reas functional words remain stable. 答案为functional。2. It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to the present _ language.答案：analytic解答 可以这样说，英语已经从古英语的综合型语言发展成了现在的什么型语言?It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to th
29、e present analytic language. 答案为analytic。3. The number of _ affixes is small and stable.答案：inflectional解答 什么词缀的数量很少且很稳定?The number of inflectional affixes is small and stable. 答案为inflectional。4. _ is the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of social and political org
30、anizations or special phrases and technical terms.答案：Acronymy解答 由首字母组合在一起作为一个标准单词拼音的词叫做什么?Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of social and political organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms. 答案为Acronymy。5. By _ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a particular word is related to its origin.答案：etymological解答 什么理据是说某个词的意义经常直接与其来源直接相关?Etymologi
