1、四级作文句型主语从句It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy.It is well-known that. It is self-evident/ conceivable / obvious / apparent that.It goes without saying that. It is universally acknowledged that. It is / that 2）宾（表）语从句We cannot underst鸁糤篦狸 why he was so cruel to his roommates.The pro
2、blem is not who will go, but who will stay.3）定语从句（限定性和非限定性）As is shown/ demonstrated/ illustrated/ depicted/ described.in the cartoon/ picture/ graph/ table.,There are many reasons why I want to study in your university.It is estimated that tens of billions of pounds spent on cigarettes every year i
3、n our country, which is a huge waste. 4）状语从句（时间，原因，地点，条件，让步，转折等）When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster （怪物） which will devour him.Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers. 5）分词短语做定语或状语Prof. Kang came to our university, giving us a
4、lecture on how to acquire English better.6）倒装句Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots. 7）被动句Some measures should be taken to deal with the problem.He is said
5、 to have accomplished a lot of great deeds.Many people believe that.（It is believed that.） 8）设问句Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him? 一)原因1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(ac
6、count for) the phenomenon (problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that.4.The factors that contribute to this situation include.5.The change in .largely results from the fact that.6.We may blame .,but the real causes are.7.Part of the e
7、xplanations for it is that .One of the most common factors (causes .is that .Another contributing factor (cause .is .Perhaps the primary factor is that But the fundamental cause is that(二)比较 1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may
8、 be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that.4.It is reasonable to maintain that .but it would be foolish to claim that.5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A 鸁糤篦狸 B has several points in common.8.A bears some res
9、emblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think ., but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is, it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A ., but
10、the chief faults (obvious defects )are .一上升增长1add up to 增加了eg. The total amount of added up to 14 billion pounds(14%) in 1994.2 to jump to / to soar to. 一跃达到/ 猛增到eg. The total working days lost soared to 10 million in 1979.3an increase of aboutpercent as compared with. 与相比大约增加了eg. In August as many
11、as 39 car accidents were reported, indicating an increase of about 79% as compared with the number of January.4to experience an increase/incline 有了增长eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing an incline.二下降，减少1to sink/drop/reduce to 减少到eg. The rate of strikes sank/dropped to the lowest point in 1979.2t
12、o experience a decrease/decline 有了减少eg. Tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease. 注意：修饰上升/减少的副词有：rapidly slowly dramatically respectively 表达上升/减少的最后状态的词有：the highest peak the lowest point 10 million 10%三起伏1to go up 鸁糤篦狸 down 起伏不定eg. The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952
13、to 1967.2There be ups and downs 有起有伏eg. Between 1972 鹺君鎑 1979, there were several ups and downs in （某方面）.四稳定1to remain steady/level/unchanged 保持稳定，几乎不变eg. The rate of remained steady (fairly level/almost unchanged) during the four years from 1963 to 1967.2to level off (vi.)eg. After a steady decline
14、 for a whole decade, the rate shows signs of leveling off.注意：修饰起伏或稳定状态的副词有：almost fairly 可以用于表达起伏，稳定状态的句子中的词组或句型：the general situation was not worseningshow indications of improvementit can be predicted thateg. The rate of remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,and it can be predict
15、ed that the general situation was not worsening.eg. The rate of remained steady during the four years from 1963 to 1967,showing signs of improvement in 五成正比，反比 1be in direct /inverse ratio to/with 与成正比/反比eg. Male illustrations are in direct ratio to /with the advancement of grades, while female illu
16、strations are in inverse ratio.六 占百分之几，几分之几 1.to form/comprise/make up/constitute .percent 占百分之eg. Women comprise more than 50% of the US.population.eg. Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%.2to form/comprise/constitute a half/third/fourth of占的1/2,1/3,1/4eg. Fema
17、le illustrions form less than a fourth of the total.3account forpercent 占百分之几eg. , accounting for approximately 20 percent of七倍数1A be times as much/many as Beg. The annual rainfall of Hunan is 5 times as much as that of Sichuan.2A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的两倍，一半，三倍eg. The annual rainfall of Jidd
18、a doubles that of Janta, but is only half the amount of rain Kuwait receives each year.附一：圆盘比例型图表例： 一个圆盘显示了大学生在food, books, transportations, entertainment, clothes, unknown中的开销，它们各自占的比例依次是60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%，要求你描叙这个圆盘图。 描述：The above pie chart consists of 6 segments, the largest one representing fo
19、od, which accounts for 60% of the total. Clothes 劰殕獳翎 entertainment each takes up 10%. 5% goes to transportation and 3% books. All the rest expenses, 12% of all ,is spend on unknown items.总结写作模式：pie chart consists ofsegments, the largest one representing,which accounts for of the total.each takes up
20、.goes to.All the rest, of all,. .八原因结果 1.(结果), owing to (原因) owing to 为分词结构2.(结果), attributable to（原因） attributable to为形容词短语3.(结果) lie in the fact that（原因） 同位语从句 4.（结果）result from（原因） 句型一般5. It is precisely because （原因）that （导致结果） 强调结构6. , as a result, （导致结果） as a result做插入语7. （原因）be responsible for
21、（结果） 常见句型8. （原因），which in turn（结果）eg. They give rise to unfair competition, which in turn throws original businesses into a commercial panic.九采取措施，提出建议 1. My suggestion to deal with/solve/relieve the problem are as follows. In the first place,. Secondly,. Finally, 常见句型2. If we let the situation go a
22、s it is, . By that time, . 如果让这种情况继续发展下去，那么。到那个时候，。比较好的句型3. More and more people are realizing the importance of进行时态， more 呤陕奙脬嚴 more比many好4. Great efforts/More measures/Due attention must be taken/paid to do 被动语态，due attention 和be paid to 搭配5. If, will there be anything that can make me even happie
23、r? 如果（我们怎么怎么做），那将没有比这令我更高兴的了。条件句，反问句6. It is important/necessary/urgent/desirable(希望)/advisable(明智) for sb. to do sth. It is for to do句型7. enhance the awareness of people that8. The first nut for us to crack is 我们首先要解决的是。 比The first thing we should do is 句型 高级的多，精彩的多，生动的多9. as soon as possible 常见句型1
24、0. sth. be of the utmost importance be of n. 结构， 比sth. be much important好十方式，比较1. (Just) as , so 正如 比较句型 eg. Just as water is the most important of liquids, so air is the most important of gases.2. in much the same way/manner that 正如, 和一样eg. The Americans spend Christmas Day in much the same way tha
25、t the Europeans do.十一让步 1. now that 既然 让步从句eg. Now that the decision has been made, we must try our best to carry it out.2. unlessnot 让步从句eg. It is a vicious cycle and unless you consider these social, economic and environmental problems in one context, you are not serious about meeting the challeng
26、es. 注意例句中的consider sth. in one context句型:把什么事情放在一起加以综合考虑十二强调句1. only 既是强调句,又是倒装句eg. Only in this way can you hope to improve the present situation.2. It is thateg. It is because he was too careless that he failed in the exam.3. nothing but 只不过；只有eg. If what we have been striving for is nothing but p
27、leasure-seeking, our nation will be deprived of the right to rise.(这里nothing but 可以去掉,不影响句意,但有了nothing but,就强调了后面的名词)十三假设 1. Supposing, it is likely that. 假设, 那么很可能 假设, 虚拟语态eg. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price
28、, etc. from an advertisement.十四反问1. What else can ? .还能做什么呢?eg. What else can the poor parents do but obey? 这些可怜的家长除了听从外还能做什么呢?2. How could ? 怎能.eg. How could I put the English books aside to read pastime books?十五 比较1. A is to B what X is to Y. A对于B 就象X对于Yeg. Food is to man what oil is to machines.2
29、. more, lesseg. The closer to Christmas, the crazier they get; they become more agitated, less patient.十六否定1. 双重否定not uncommon = common 平常的,普通的not unusual = usual 平常的，通常的not inevitable=evitable 可以避免的(尽量把要强调的普通的形容词改成双重否定, 为文章多增加亮点)2. by no means 并没有;当然不3. no longer/more 不再eg. I am no longer that igno
30、rant girl.十七程度1. all the more 更加eg. That makes London all the more fascinating, doesnt it?eg. It is all the more surprising therefore that2. more than 做副词, 意为 “多过”, “比以上”, “比更”eg. I am more than happy to hear from you.3. more than you can 远超过你eg. The situation is very abominable more than you can st袳蚒穃腦芻
