1、参考山东英语人教版九年级专题复习导学案句子种类专题参考-山东英语（人教版）九年级专题复习导学案：句子种类专题一、 陈述句 用来陈述一件事实或表达说话者看法的句子叫作陈述句,句末用句号表示句子的陈述结束。陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。类型句式结构/否定词例句肯定句基本句子结构:主语+谓语+其他My cousin is of medium height.我表弟中等身高。They like sports very much.他们很喜欢体育运动。否定句否定词not;在be/情态动词/助动词后直接加notIm not feeling well.我感觉不舒服。He cant play the piano.他不
2、会弹钢琴。They dont have a basketball.他们没有篮球。能构成否定句的其他否定词no (=not a/any)He has no brothers.=He doesnt have any brothers.他没有兄弟。never “绝不;从不”He has never seen a real shark.他从未见过真的鲨鱼。little, few“几乎没有”There are few people in the village.村里人很少。no one/nobody“没有人”Nobody is allowed to make noise here.任何人不准在这里喧哗。
3、nothing“什么也没有”Theres nothing like home.自己的家最好。neither of.“两者都不”;none of.“没有任何人,什么都没有 (指三者及三者以上)”Neither of them speaks English.他们两人都不说英语。None of the students is afraid of difficulties.没有一名学生害怕困难。hardly“几乎不”,seldom“很少”He could hardly believe his eyes.他几乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。Hes seldom at home during the day.白天他
4、很少在家。too.to.“太而不能”Hes too late to catch the bus.他来得太迟以至于赶不上公共汽车了。2.祈使句 祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。主语通常被省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号。表达请求或劝告时,祈使句句末或句首可以加上please表示委婉的语气。类型句式结构例句Do型肯定句:动词原形 (+宾语) +其他 Turn down the music, please.请把音乐调低。否定句:Dont +动词原形 (+宾语) +其他Dont run in the hallway.不要在走廊里跑。Be型肯定句:Be +表语+其他Be quiet in t
5、he library!在图书馆里要安静。否定句:Dont + be +表语+其他Dont be late for school.上学不可迟到!Let型肯定句:Let +宾语+动词原形+其他 Let me show you the way.让我来告诉你路。否定句:Dont+ let.Let +宾语+ not +动词原形+其他Dont let the same things happen again.不要让同样的事情再次发生了。No型No +名词或动名词!No smoking!禁止吸烟! 专项练习祈使句练习一、单项选择1_ your books and look at the blackboard
6、.A. Close s B. Close C. Closing D. To close2Tom, _late for school again. Sorry, I wont.A. isnt B. doesnt be C. dont be D. not beA. Yes, I do B. No, I cant C. Sorry, I wont4Jim, _ look outside. Look at the map. A. doesnt B. dont C. isnt5_ wake up your sister, Ben. She needs a good sleep.A.Dont B.Does
7、nt C.Arent D.Cant6 Just_ here and dont go anywhere, or your parents wont find you.A. to stay B. stays C. stay D. staying7Tom , Dont talk. _ what you are doing. Sorry, Mr. Li.A.Pay attention to B.Be careful C.Be patient with D.depend on8 sleep too late, Its bad for your health.A. Do B. Not C. Dont D.
8、 please not9_! We will have an exam next week.A. Listen up B. Listen to C. Hear D. Hear to10“Tom, _ afraid of speaking in public. You are no longer a small boy.”said Mum.A.not be B.not to be C.be not D.dont be11_ drive after drinking. Its too dangerous(危险的).OK. I wont. A. No B. Not C. Dont D. Doesnt
9、12Its 11 oclock. Please _ our lunch.A. ordering B. order C. to order D. orders13 _ late for school again, Tom! Sorry, I promise I _.A. Dont, will B. Dont be, wont C. Dont, wont14 sleep in class!A、No B、Not C、Dont15_ hard and youll succeed sooner or later. A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studied3.
10、疑问句：用来表示提问的句子叫作疑问句,句末用问号。疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种。(1).一般疑问句 常见形式例句以be (am, is, are)动词开头Are you good at math?你擅长数学吗?以助动词(do, does, did, have, has, had等)开头Does your family have a pet?你家里养宠物吗?以情态动词(will, can, may, must等)开头Can pandas climb trees?熊猫会爬树吗?(2).特殊疑问句：用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫作特殊疑问句。特殊疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副
11、词和由疑问词构成的疑问短语。引导词例词例句常用疑问代词what什么;who谁;whom谁(who的宾格);which哪个(些),whose谁的;疑问代词可以提问主语、谓语、表语或定语。What would you like?你想吃点什么?Whose is that dictionary?那本字典是谁的?常用疑问副词when何时;where何地;how怎么;why为什么How do you get to school?你怎样去上学?常用疑问短语what time什么时刻;how many/much多少;how often多久一次;how soon多久;how long多长时间;how far多远
12、;how old多大(年龄);how big多大How long have you worked there?For six years.你在那里工作了多长时间? 六年。(3).选择疑问句提出两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方选择一种情况回答的问句叫选择疑问句。选择疑问句中的两种或两种以上的情况用or连接,回答时不能使用yes或no,而要用一个完整的句子或其省略形式。常见形式例句一般选择疑问句:一般疑问句+or+被选择的内容?Does your sister have long or short hair?你妹妹长着长发还是短发?特殊选择疑问句:特殊疑问句+ A or B?What color d
13、o you like, blue or yellow?你喜欢什么颜色,蓝色还是黄色?专项练习一般疑问句练习一、单项选择1- _ you_ your homework yet? -Yes, I _ it just now.A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; finished C. Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish2 -_you ever _with a group?-Yes, I have .A. Have ;study B. Have; studied C. Do; study D. study3Ca
14、n you cook? -No, I_. A. can B. cant C. dont D. isnt4_your mother know this pretty girl? A. Do B. Are C. Does D. Is5_your mother good at cooking?-Yes, but my father _cook well.A. Does; doesnt B. Is; isnt C. Do; dont D. Is; doesnt6Excuse me, are you and Simon in Class 2, Grade 7? _.A. Yes, Im. B. No,
15、Im not. C. Yes, were. D. No, we arent7 -_ your sister a doctor? -No,my cousin _ in a hospital.A. Does;work B. Is;works C. Are;work D.Do;works8 _ Mary with her friends often _ sports after school?Yes, they like to do sports very much.ADo, play BAre; playing CDoes; plays DDoes; play9 -_ your father pl
16、ay sports?- Yes. He often _ tennis with his friends.A. Does; plaies B. Does ; plays C. Is; plaies D. Is; plays10 she her homework?A. Do; does B. Does; do C. Do; do D. Does; does11-_you ever _with a group? -Yes, I have .A.Have; study B. Have; studied C.Do; study D. Are; study 12 Do you need any help?
17、 Yes. I want to buy some novels. Could you please tell me ?A. where is the nearest library B. where the nearest library isC. where the nearest bookstore is D. where is the nearest bookstore13 - _ you _ to ride a motorbike ?- Yes. But last month I sold it and bought a car.A. Did , use B. Are , used C
18、. Do , use D. Have , used14- He didnt go to the this morning, did he?-_. Though he was not feeling very well.ANo, he didnt. BYes, he did. CNo, he did. DYes, he didnt.15-_ he speak English? -No, he cant. A. Does B. Is C. Can D.Do句型转换16I eat dinner in the evening. (就画线部分提问) you eat dinner?17They get h
19、ome at 7:30 pm.(改为同义句)。They get home at 7:30 the .18David can play the guitar. (改成一般疑问句) _ _ David _ _ the guitar? 19I can sing and dance. (改成否定句) I _ sing _dance.20want, join, art, they, club, to, the (连词成句)_ .改写句子21Her father doesnt play sports every day. （改为肯定句）Her father _ _ every day. 22This is
20、 my photo.(改为复数形式)_are our _ .23I like bananas. _ _ like bananas?（改为一般疑问句）24It is very interesting. She thinks.（合成一句话） _ _ it is very interesting.25He has dinner at 6:30 in the evening. （就划线部分提问）_ does he _ at 6:30 in the evening?句型转换 根据要求改写下面句子.【小题1】She does her homework at home.(改为否定句)She _ _ her
21、homework at home.【小题2】David can play the guitar. (先改成一般疑问句，然后作肯定回答) ? _【小题3】It is 5 kilometers from my home to school. (就划线部分提问)_ _ _ _ from _ home to school?【小题4】He gets home at five in the afternoon. (就划线部分提问)_ _ _ he _ home in the afternoon?【小题5】I go to see my mother by bus. (就划线部分提问)_ _you go to
22、 see your mother?【小题6】There are no bridges over the rivers. (改为同义句)There _ _ bridges over the rivers.【小题7】I get up at five thirty. (同义句)I get up at _ _ _.4.反意疑问句附在陈述句后对陈述内容进行反问的句子叫作反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句。反意疑问句前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是简短问句。陈述部分用逗号结尾,反问部分用问号结尾。(1)基本用法基本结构:前肯后否,前否后肯。You have to wear a uniform at school, do
23、nt you?在学校里你必须穿校服,不是吗?They werent at home, were they?他们不在家,是吗?注意事项例句疑问部分的主语必须与陈述部分的主语一致;当陈述部分的主语是名词或代词时,疑问部分要用相应的人称代词。Mr. Brown usually eats dinner at seven, doesnt he?布朗先生通常在七点吃晚饭,不是吗?疑问部分的时态要与陈述部分的时态保持一致。Jack has finished all his homework, hasnt he?杰克已完成他所有的作业了,不是吗?肯定的回答用“Yes”;否定的回答用“No”。前否后肯的反意疑问
24、句yes译为“不”,no译为“是的”Jenny didnt have a school trip, did she?No, she didnt.詹妮没有去学校旅行,对吗?是的。她没有。(2)其他特殊用法 用法例句当陈述部分含有never/ nothing/none/no one/ seldom/hardly/few/little等否定副词时,反意疑问句用肯定形式。Your brother never goes to bed before midnight, does he?你弟弟从未在午夜前睡觉,不是吗?如果陈述部分含有由否定前缀im-, dis-, un-等构成的否定意义的词,则陈述部分视作
25、肯定形式,反意疑问句仍用否定形式。 The little girl is kind of unhappy, isnt she?那个小女孩有点不高兴,不是吗?当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that时,反意疑问句部分的主语用it;主语是these或those时,反意疑问句部分的主语用they。Thats an interesting movie, isnt it?那是一部很有趣的电影,不是吗?These are your sports shoes, arent they?这些是你的运动鞋,不是吗?当陈述部分的主语为指事(物)的不定代词something, anything, everyth
26、ing等时,疑问部分的主语应用it。Something is wrong with your telephone, isnt it?你的电话出毛病了,不是吗? 陈述句主语为somebody, someone, anyone, everybody, everyone等时,反意疑问句中代词用they或he,但不可用it代替。Everybody was excited at the news, werent they?所有的人都对这个消息感到很兴奋,不是吗?当陈述部分是there be结构时,反意疑问句部分用there。There will be less free time in the futu
27、re, will there?将来会有更少的空闲时间,不是吗?1.陈述句中有has / have / had 时,有以下几种情况：1).若表示 “不得不”， 反意疑问句的谓语用_ _ _进行反问.例如：They had to leave early , _ ?2).若表示“有”，反意疑问句的谓语用_ _ _进行反问。例如：He has few friends in the new school, _? 3).若句中是has/ have / had +过去分词时，其反意疑问句的谓语用_ _ _进行反问。 例如：He has never been to Beijing , _? 4）陈述句部分有h
28、ad better do sth，其反意疑问句的谓语只能用_.例如：You had better stay in bed till tomorrow,_?2. 陈述部分是祈使句时，有以下几种情况：A）肯定祈使句，反意疑问句为_或_？例如： Please open the door. _ 或 _?B）否定祈使句，反意疑问句为_？例如：Dont forget to post the letter,_?C) 以Lets开头，表示建议的祈使句，由于句中的主语实际上包括听、说双方，所以其疑问部分为_? 例如： Lets have a rest,_?D) 以Let us / me开头，征询意见的祈使句，由于句中的主语实际上仅指对方，所以其疑问部分为_? 例如： Let us go there, _ ? 3.陈述句是主从复合句时，其反意疑问句应与_保持一致。若主句主语为I/we,谓语是 think / believe /suppose /imagine 等词时，其反意疑问句应与_保持一致。试一试：1.He said that he would leave here t
