1、自考英语二教材课文讲义unit3Unit 3 Frie ndship and LoyaltyI. New words and expressionsNew words1. reflecti on n.（关于某主题的）思考，回忆2.loyalty n.3.recog nize v.忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿承认；意识到4. betray v. 辜负；对不忠5. in deed adv.其实；实际上6.virtue n.高尚的道德；正直的品性；德行7.tre nd n. 趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向8. befrie nd v.做（尤指需要帮助者的）朋友；友善相待9. request v.（礼貌或正式地
2、）请求，要求10. trendy adj.时髦的；赶时髦的11. multitude n.众多；大量12.mutual adj. 共有的；共同的mutual respect / un dersta nding辨析： mutual / man ual / man ure / mature / menu / mental13.term n. 词语；术语：措辞14.site n. 网站；站点15. acro nym n.首字母缩略词16. perish v.丧失；湮灭；毁灭17. thought n.想法；看法；主意；记忆18. gossip n.流言蜚语19. challe nge v.考查的能力
3、；考验的技巧20. akin adj.相似的；类似的21. deposit n.存款22. account n.账户accou ntantcurre nt accou nt deposit accou nt23. in terest n.利息24. well-bei ng n. 健康；安乐；康乐25. welfare n.（个体或群体的）幸福，安全与健康26.esse nee n. 本质；实质；精髓27.seek v. 寻找28.notoriety n.恶名；坏名声no torious 相当于 in famous29. premise n.前提；假定；30. exploit v.禾U用（为自己
4、谋利）31. rec onn ect v.再联系；再联络32. virtual adj.（通过计算机软件，如在因特网上）模拟的，虚拟的33. assure v.使确信；向保证assure sb. of sth.assure sb. that 34.caution n. 警告；告诫35.lyric n. 歌词36.un disputed adj. 不容置疑的；毫无疑问的；不可争辩的37.gen erati on n.（统称）一代人，同代人，同辈人gen erati on gapfour gen erati ons liv ing un der the same roofPhrases and E
5、xpressi ons1.stick by 坚持忠于；不离不弃（某人）2.through thick and thin 不畏艰难险阻go through thick and thin3.lead to 导致，造成（后果）4.a multitude of 众多的；大量的5.perish the thought 甭想了；但愿不会如此6.e ngage in （使）从事，参加7.in esse nee 本质上8.assure of 使放心；向保证9.pay atte nti on to 注意10.warn。彳 警告某人某事II. Text LearningReflections: Friendshi
6、p and loyalty How many of us recognizetrue loyalty in a friend? Loyalty consists of (参考 Unit1 ， The current trend on the internet is befriending anyone who requests to be your friend.However, this new trend maylead to disasters. (承上句) It may be popular and tre ndyto have a network filled with a mult
7、itude of mutual friends. However, one true loyalfriend may be the only friend you need.for a day.本部分重点及难点:not be your best friends forever.more tha n likely: very likelymore tha n happy: very happymore tha n pleased: very pleased请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩!【单选题】6. He iswilli ng to shall his happ in ess wi
8、th us.* A. moreB. more tha nC. enoughD. too【答案】B【解析】本题考查more than+adj.。more than后接形谷词相当于 very+形谷词，本句中morethan willing 意为非常乐意。句子的意思是他非常乐意冋我们分享他的幸福。 注意D选项：tooto意为“太以至于不能【知识点】 more tha n+adj意思不符。4I choose to have a B.L.F ., a best loyal friend , for those of you who may be challengedby the use of acro
9、nyms duri ng this age of tech no logy and fast-talk ing.5(2) Loyalty found in a friend is akin to making a deposit in a bank account. More oftenthan not , your deposits gain in ter net , an internet in your well-be ing and welfare . Aloyal frie nd attracts ano ther loyal frie nd. (3) In esse nee, wa
10、ter does seek its ownl evel.(承上、总结的句子)6(4) If you were a B.L.F. way beforbook gained notoriety , then Im sure youun dersta nd the premise of loyalty in a friend. You should n ever exploit your B.L.F. togain more friends or make yourself seem more important to others. These are not the traitsof a bes
11、t loyal frie nd. (承上句)7A best loyal friend does not care who is invited to your party. They will attend yourparty and celebrate you, just in the way a best loyal frie nd should do.8Reconnecting with a best loyal friend is easier to do on the pages of Facebook. However,a virtual friend does not assur
12、e you of his loyalty. My caution to you is that youdbetter pay attention to the smiling faces on the Facebook pages. In the eighties we werewarned of smiling faces in a song, which contained these lyrics, A smile is just a frownturned upside dow n, my frie nd. Now, that is the un disputed truth for
13、my gen erati on本部分重点及难点：2.Loyalty found in a frie nd is akin to making a deposit in a bank accou nt.(1)akin to: similar to(2)make a deposit in a bank accou nt 往银行账户存款make withdrawals from a bank accou nt3.In esse nee, water does seek its own level. 本质上，水自然会向下流 -朋友间总是惺惺相惜。4.If you were a B.L.F. way b
14、efore Facebook gained notoriety, then rm sure you understandthe priise of loyalty in a frie nd.way (与介词或副词连用，加强程度) very far 很远女口： She finished the race way ahead of the other runners. 她第一个跑到终点，远远领先于其他选手。The shot was way off target. 这次射的远离目标。The price is way above what we can afford. 价格高得我们绝对付不起。way
15、back: a long time ago 很久以前Ifirst met him way back. 我和他初次见面时很久以前的事了。III. 部分练习讲解P149 Bridging the GapDirections: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage.You may choose a suitable one from the list give n.解题方法：把词分类while（连词） share（动词 / 名词） on （介词）unique （形容词） whatever（
16、连接词）that （关系代词/指示代词/连接词）opposites （名词）a couple of （数词）personalities（名词）wisely （副词）In the daily drama and comedy of our life, its nice to have friends. 1 While familyis extremely important, friends are a different support system of your choosing. As thesaying goes , you cant choose your family, but y
17、ou can choose your friends. Choosingthem _2 wisely _ can make your life more exciting and inspiring.Decid ing whom you choose as your frie nds says as much about you as it does them. Youmay choose your friends based 3 on similar interests. You may choose them becauseyoure both polar 4 opposites of e
18、ach other and find this interesting andintriguing. Often, friends become friends because they naturally gravitate （被吸弓丨）towards each other because of similar _ _5 pers on alities _ a nd temperame nts. Sometimesits just circumstances 6 that bring two individuals together who then becomefrie nds._7 Wh
19、atever _ prompts a friendship, developing one is a very rewarding experienee.This is especially true whe n, before you know it, a certa in frie ndship tur ns intoa 8uni que life long close frie ndship. Again, its bee n said that a pers on no rmallyhas only very close frie nds in their life. Thi nk o
20、f whom you deemas truly close frie nds. These are those select in dividuals you can con fide in （信赖，吐露秘密） and 10 share deep thoughts and concerns with, without any reservations.I. New words and expressionsNew words1.tribute n. （尤指对死者的）致敬；悼念；吊唁礼物2.rear v. 抚养；养育；培养比较：rear / rare3.un grateful adj. 不领情的
21、；忘恩负义的比较： un grateful / disgraceful4.traitor n. 背叛者；叛徒；卖国贼5.faith n. 信任；相信；信心6.reputatio n n. 名誉；名声7.prone adj. 易于发生某事的；很可能的8.malice n.恶意；怨恨malicious9.settle v. 把放好；安放10.absolute adj. 肯定的；无疑的；明确的11.un selfish adj.无私的；忘我的；不谋私利的selfless12.selfish adj. 自私的13.desert v.抛弃，离弃，遗弃（某人）dessert14.treacherous a
22、dj. 不可信任的；背叛的；奸诈的15.prosperity n.兴旺；繁荣；成功；昌盛prosper v.prosperous adj.16.poverty n.贫穷；贫困poorpoverty-stricke ncon scie nce-stricke ngrief-stricke npani c-stricke n17.sick ness n. 疾病；不健康18.wintry adj. 冬天的；寒冷的19. fiercely adv.猛烈地20. lick v. 舔21. sore n.痛处；伤处；疮22. wou nd n.（心灵上的）伤，创伤23. rough ness n.艰辛；艰
23、难24. guard n. /v.警卫；守卫；保卫security guardlifeguardbodyguardblackguard25. pauper n.穷人；贫民；乞丐26. con sta nt adj.不变的；固定的；恒定的27. jour ney n.（尤指长途）旅行，行程28. heave n n. （the heave ns pl.天空29. outcast n.被抛弃者；被排斥者30. frie ndlessadj.没有朋友的31. homeless adj. 无家的32. faithful adj.忠实的；忠诚的33. privilege n.特殊利益；优惠待遇34. a
24、ccompa nyv.陪同；陪伴accompa ny sb. to the airportaccompa ny sb. on the pia no35.sce ne n. 事件；场面；情景36.embrace n. 拥抱37.pursue v.追求；致力于pursuitin hot pursuit of sb. / sth.in pursuit of the sun38.paw n. （动物的）爪39.alert adj. 警觉的；警惕的；戒备的40.watchful ness n. 警惕Phrases and Expressi ons1.turn aga inst 背叛2.be prone
25、to 易于3.sta nd by 支持；帮助；忠于4.take wings 飞走5.fall to pieces 崩溃；倒塌；解体II. Text LearningA Tribute to the Dog1The best frie nd a man has in this world may tur n aga inst him and become his en emy.（主题句） His son or daughter whomhe has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful Those who are n earest and de
26、arest to us, those whom we trust with our happ in ess and our good name become traitors to their faith .2The money that a man has he may lose. It flies away from him, perhaps whe n he n eedsit most.（承上句） （2） A mans reputation maybe sacrificed in a momentof ill-consideredaction. （3） The people who ar
27、e prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when successis with us may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our heads. The one absolute, unselfish friend a man may have in this selfish world,the one that n ever deserts him, the one that n ever proves un gra
28、teful or treacherousis his dog.本部分重点及难点：1. Those who are n earest and dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happ in ess andour good name, may become traitors to their faith（1） those whomwetrust with our happ in ess and our good n ame，定语从句中 whom是 trust 的宾语，即 trust whom with our happ in ess and
29、our good n ame 我们把自己的幸福和名誉者E寄托在他们身上trust sb. with sth. 信得过，托付，寄托Id trust him with my life. 我把命交给他都放心。1. A mans reputati on may be sacrificed in a mome nt of ill-c on sidered （欠考虑的，考虑不周的）actio n.ill-considered 欠考虑的 (结合 Unit 1 讲过的 ill-informed )ill-humored / good-humoredill-bred / well-bredill-intenti
30、oned / well-intentionedill-informed / well-informed3.The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is withus may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud uponour heads.(1) be prone to do sth. 容易，倾向于 fall on on es kn ees 下跪do sb. ho nor 向某人表示敬意(4)译文：当我们功成名就，一些人卑躬屈膝极力讨好；当失败的阴云笼罩在我们的头顶， 那些人又可能最先对我们落井下石。3A mans dog stands by him in prosperity and in poverty , in health and in sickness. (主 题句) He will sleep on the cold ground when the wintry winds blow and the snow drivesfi
