1、3 现在完成时的否定句句型:.。现在完成时的否定句是在助动词have/has后加not，之后是过去分词:I havent seen him for a long time。我已经很久没见到他了.The road hasnt been cleaned since it snowed。自下过雪以后这条路一直没有清扫过。4 现在完成时的一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词.。回答方式：Yes，主语 + have/has。No，主语 + have/has + not。现在完成时的一般疑问句是将助动词have/has置于主语之前（大写have/has后的第一个字母），在句尾加问号；这种语
2、序是倒装语序:Have you done it? Yes，I have。/No，I havent。你做这件事了吗? 是的，我做完了。/不，我没有。Have you ever been to India?/No，I havent.你去过印度吗？ 是的，我去过./不，我没去过.Have you met your new neighbors? Not so far。你见过你的新邻居没有？ -至今还没有。5 现在完成时的特殊疑问句.?现在完成时的特殊疑问句是将疑问代词/疑问副词置于助动词have/has之前（have/has的第一个字母无需大写），和一般疑问句差不多；这种语序是倒装语序。就主语提问时，
3、将疑问代词或带有疑问限定词的名词词组置于助动词have/has之前,在句尾加问号；这种语序是陈述句语序:Where have you been all this while? 这一阵子你在哪里?What book shave you read on this subject? 你读过哪些关于这方面的书?What have you been busy with recently? 最近你在忙什么?6 现在完成时的用法1.表示结束、结果现在完成时表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在产生的影响。这一类情况可以细分为下述两种情况：表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和already（已经），just（刚刚）
4、，now（现在）,yet（迄今、还），not。.yet（还没有）等连用：Ive already read that book.我已经读过那本书。Youre too late；the train has just left.你来得太完了，火车刚开走。表示过去动作的结果,现在仍残留着；一般不用时间状语：It has just snowed。刚刚下过雪。（地上有积雪）I have lost my watch.我把手表丢了。（现在仍未找到）The concert has started。 We have to look for our seats in the dark。音乐会已经开始了，我们得在黑暗
5、中找座位。The presidents sudden death has left the country leaderless.总统突然去世，使该国处于无领袖状态。2。表示继续表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，仍要继续下去的动作或状态。往往和表示一段时间包括现在时间在内的状语连用,如today（今天），this week/month（本周/月），lately（最近），recently（最近），these days（这些日子），in the past few years（在过去的几年里）,since（从以来），since yesterday（从昨天以来），for a long time（很长时间）
6、，for a month/several years（一个月/几年），so far（迄今为止），up to now（直到现在），till/until now（直到现在）等：Hes known me for over twenty years.他和我相识已20多年了。Has he studied French very long？ 他学习法语很久了吗?How long have you studied English? 你学英语多久了? （现在仍在学）Up to now/Until now weve had no problems。直到现在为止,我们没有碰到任何问题。3.表示经历和经验表示从过去
7、到现在之间经历过的事情。常和often（常常），never（从来没有），ever（曾经），once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），before（在之前），since（自以来）等连用：Havent I seen you before? 我以前见过你吧？He has known both grief and happiness。悲伤和欢乐的滋味他都尝过。We have not been to the cinema recently.我们最近没有去过电影院。I have not seen that film yet。我还没有看过那部电影.Her husband died
8、 ten years ago，but she has since remarried.她丈夫10年前去世，她后来又嫁人了。Ive read the novel twice。这部小说我看了两遍。Ive never been so annoyed in all my life!（=I was extremely annoyed）我这一生从没有这样恼火过!4.用于状语从句在时间或条件状语从句中,通常用现在完成时代替将来完成时，表示将来某一时刻前业已完成的动作：Tell me what you think of the book when youve read it.你看完这本书后，告诉我你的想法。W
9、ell start at2 oclock pm if it has stopped raining by then.我们将于下午2点开始，如果那时雨停了的话。5.关于瞬时（短暂）动作动词的用法终止性动词（亦称点动词）如come（来），go（去），leave（离开），buy（买），borrow（借），join（参加），die（去世）,marry（结婚），lose（失去），begin（开始），stop（停止），get up（起床）等表示的动作有一个终点，到了终点就不再延续。也就是说，此类动词只表示短暂的动作,因此不能与表示延续的时间状语连用：不可以说:ve left New York for th
10、ree days。可以说:Ive been away from New York for three days。（这时需要 使用be动词来表示延续的状态）I left New York three days ago。我是3天前离开纽约的。如果现在完成时的谓语动词是持续较短的动态动词（点动词），通常用否定结构；在这种情况下可以和表示一段时间的短语连用。因为点动词的这种否定结构构成一种状态，而这一状态是可以持续的：They havent written to me for 3 years。他们有3年没有给我写信了。She hasnt left home for several days。她已有几天
11、没有出门了。（表示“足不出户这一状态）They havent visited us since 2000.自2000年以来他们就没有拜访过我们.表示短暂动作的动词用于完成时，通常表示目前的结果：Shes recovered from her illness。她已经痊愈。（含义是：目前状况良好）I must go back;Ive left（=forgotten to bring）my car keys（be-hind）.我必须回去，我忘了带汽车钥匙.（含义是：我现在开不了汽车门。）English has borrowed words from many languages.英语借用了很多其他语
12、言的词汇。仍会借用其他语言的词汇。一、选择填空及问答 Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him 。A. knew B. have known C. must know D。 will know KatesneverseenChinesefilms， _?A.hasntshe B.has C.isnt D。isshe3.He has _ been to Shanghai， has he?A。 already B. never C。 ever D. still4。 - Our country _ a lot so f
13、ar. Yes。 I hope it will be even _ .A. has changed; well B。 changed; good C。 has changed； better D. changed； better5。 We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl 。 know B. had known have known D. knew6。 The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year .A. is writing B. was writing C.wrote D. has wr
14、itten7。 Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years 。A. was ; studying B. will ; study has ； studied D。 are ; studying8。 Have you met Mr. Li _？A. just B. ago C. before D。 a moment ago9. His uncle has already posted the photos to him。 （改为否定句）His uncle _ posted the photos to him _10. - Mum， may I
15、go out and play basketball？ _you_ your homework yet?A. Do; finish B。 Are； finishing Did; finish D. Have； finished11。 is writing B。 was writing C. wrote D。 has written12. Kates never seen Chinese films,_ ？A. hasnt she B。 has she C. isnt she D. is she13. Both his parents look sad 。 Maybe they _whats h
16、appened to him . B。 C. must know will know14。 He has _ been to Shanghai, has he? B。 never C. ever still15。 Tom _ theCDplayerfortwoweeks。lent B.borrowed C。bought D.had16。 We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.A. know C。 knew17. _ you _ your homework yet ？- Yes . I _ it a moment ago . do; finished
17、B. Have; done；C. Have; have finished D。 will； finish18. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes .A. has begun B。 had begun has been on began19. Shes _ （live） here ever since she was ten.（用时态填空）20. His father _ the Party since 1978.A. joined B. has joined was in D. has been in21. _ my glasses? Yes， I sa
18、w them on your bed a minute ago. Do you see B. Had you see Would you see D. Have you seen22. It _ten years since he left the army .is B. has C。 will D。 was23。 I _ a letter from him since he left。A. didnt receive B。 havent got C。 didnt have D. havent heard24。 Both of them _ （be） in Hong Kong for ten
19、days.（用时态填空）25。 Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years。（用since和for填空）26。 My parents _Shandong for ten years .A. have been in B. have been toC. have gone to D. have been27. I wonder why Jenny _ us recently。 We should have heard from her by now。 hasnt written B. doesnt write wont write D。 hadn
20、t written28. - How long _ David and Vicky _ married？- For about four years。 were; being have； got have; been did; get29. Hurry up！ has begun B。 has been on D. began30. _you_anywherebefore? Yes,butIcantrememberwhereI_Did；surf;surfedHave;surfed；C.surf；have D。Have；surfed31. Thenumberofthestudentsinours
21、chool_1200. Aaddedupto BbeenCadds Dto32. Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice 。 will see B. have seen C. saw D。 see33. Thesekindsshoes_well。werenotsold Bwontbe CareDdonsell34. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945， and their power _ increased enormously ever since.A. is was C. has bee
22、n D。 had been35. Years ago we didnt know this, but recent science _ that people who dont sleep well soon get ill。A. showed B. has shown C. will show is showing36。 ThesingerlivedCaliforniauntilheuniversity。hadsent Bwassending Dsent37.We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl 。 had known C. have known D. knew38. TheMay4thmovement1919。takenplace Btakingtookplace39. Onreturninghome，foundumbrellaoffice.left B C Dwouldleave 40. _thatearthcentreuniverse.Peoplebelieving BItoncebelieved Dsaid41。 Have you met Mr。 L
