1、英语情态动词难点练习【英语】情态动词难点练习一、单项选择情态动词1Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.Oh, its too bad. You_ have made full preparations.Amust Bcan Cwould Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了。噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。A.must必须；B.can可以；C.would将会；D.should应该。这里是情态+have done的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示
2、对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”；could+have+done，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做；must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；should+have+done意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做”。故选D【名师点睛】情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但它不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别，情态动词否定式的用法辨析，“情态动词+have done”
3、的用法区别等。2They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they _to our help.Awould have come Bcould comeChave come Dhad come【答案】A【解析】试题分析：本句考查的是一个含蓄的虚拟条件句，句中的or相当于if they had not gone abroad.因为前面句中使用的是were，说明这个虚拟语气是与过去事实相反，所以主句中使用的是“情态动词+have done”的形式。句意：当我们在做调查的那几个月
4、里，他们一直在国外，否则的话他们早就来帮助我们了。故A正确。3He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.Ashall BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。4 Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!It doesnt matter. You see, accidents _happen.Ashall Bshoul
5、d Cmust Dwill【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：妈妈，小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。没事的，你看，意外总会发生。A. shall将要，会；B. should应当；C. must必须；D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯，意思为“惯于，总是”。故D选项正确。【点睛】will/would是情态动词，其表达的意思如下。(1)表示意志或意愿：决心，愿意，好吗?We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldnt listen. 我叫她别
6、哭，可她就是不愿听。注：表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时，用Would you? 比用Will you?更婉转。如：Will/Would you please keep the door open? 请让门开着好吗?Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗?(2)表示真理或习惯：惯于，总是。如：Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水面上。She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她独自在房间里听音乐，一听往往就是几小时。He would get up early when h
7、e lived in the country. 他住在乡下时总是早起。(3)表示要求：一定，必须。如：You will report to me afterward. 你稍后一定要向我报告。(4)表示猜测：可能，大概。如：This will be the house youre looking for. 这大概就是你找的那所房子了。(5)表示功能：能。如：This auditorium will/would seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人分析句子可知，本句中的will表示习惯，意思为“惯于，总是”且符合语境。故D选项正确。5-He was satisf
8、ied with the result, wasnt he?-No. It was so difficult that he _have passed it.Ashouldnt BmustntCcouldn t Dwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. shouldnt 不应该；B. mustnt禁止，不允许；C. couldn t 不可能；D. wouldnt不会。句意：-他对结果很满意，是吗? -不。考试太难了，他不可能通过。固定结构：couldn t have done“不可能做某事”，此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。故选C。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结
9、构：1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may
10、弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：You ought to /
11、 should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有） He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了） 6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have a
12、cted like that.6would可以表达过去常常做的事，过去习惯发生的动作：Pirates would bury gold in a cave. 海盗们常常把黄金藏在山洞中。We would take a walk along the river. 我们过去常常沿河散步。3. would后接like、love、mind等动词，表示要求、邀请、希望或询问，此时不是说过去，而是对现在的询问：Would you like to come to my party? 你愿意来我的派对吗？Would you mind coming with us? 你介意和我们一起吗？比如本题，would 表示
13、婉转的请求，征求对方的意见，故选A。7Whats wrong with you?Oh, I am sick. I _ so much ice cream just now.Ashouldnt eat Bmustnt eatCcouldnt have eaten Dshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：你怎么了？我生病了，我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldnt eat不应该吃；B. mustnt eat禁止吃；C. couldnt have eaten不可能吃；D. shouldnt have eaten本来不应该吃。根据jus
14、t now可知，是发生在过去，故选D。8It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.Amay Bcan Cmust Dshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的，因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能；B. can可能；C. must一定；D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的，非常有把握的肯定推测，故选C。9My sister met him in th
15、e street yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.Ashouldnt have attended Bcouldnt have attendedCmustnt have attended Dneednt have attended【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查情态动词用法。Shouldnt have done本不应该做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；couldnt have done不可能做某事（对过去情况的推测）；neednt have done本不需要做某事，实际上却做了（虚拟语气）；句意：我的姐姐昨天下午在街上遇见了他，所以他不可能去听
16、了你的演讲。故B正确。考点：考查情态动词用法点评：考本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done 本应该做而实际未做。cant have done 过去不可能做了某事；shouldnt have done 本不应该做而实际做了。 need have done 本有必要做某事；neednt have done 本没有必要做某事；注意没有 mustnt have done的形式。10Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhoneX?If you can pass this midterm e
17、xamination, you _ have one as a reward.Amust BneedCwould Dshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：爸爸，你可以给我买部iPhone X吗？-如果你通过考试，你就会得到一部作为奖励。A. must一定；B. need必要；C. would将，会；D. shall会。根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。【点睛】shall的用法。1. shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。shall后面接动词原形。例如：（1）I shall think it over and Let yo
18、u know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。2. shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?3. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital?4. shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：
19、You shall fail if you dont work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁）比如本题，根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。11You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didnt you?No, I didnt phone you. It someone else.Amust have been Bcould be Cmust be Dcould have been【答案】A【
20、解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” musthavedone是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。12-Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.-Well, you_know-you married one.Amight Bwould Cshall Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. might可能，也许；B. would
21、将会；C. shall必须，会；D. should应该。句意：-有艺术修养的人有时很难相处。-你应当知道这一点，因为你结婚那位就是搞艺术的。这里是按照常理推断，用should。13-Mary knows the city quite well.-She_ well have been there before.Aneed Bcould Cshould Dmay【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：Mary非常了解这个城市。她肯定以前在那里呆过。may have done过去可能做过某事。表示对过去的肯定猜测。need have done本需要做某事却没做；could hav
22、e done本可以做某事却没做；should have done本应该做某事却没做。故选D。14Its already 11 oclock , and he _ have been here half an hour ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.Amust Bought toCmay Dcan【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can
23、 have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。15I _ worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.Acant Bmustnt Cdarent Dneednt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我没有必要担心我的周末，我总是在周末到来之前做好计划。A. cant 不可能;B. mustnt禁止;C. darent不敢; D .neednt没有必要。由“I always have my plans ready before it comes ”可知，neednt “没有必要”
24、符合句意。故选D。16According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.Acan Bshall Cwill Dmay【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章，任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够，有时会；B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见； 二三人称陈
25、述句，表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿；D. may 也许，可能。根据前面的regulation（规定）可知，本题选shall更加合理。故选B。17You _ give me a lift. I want to walk home for exercise.Aneednt Bcouldnt Ccant Dmustnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不必让我搭车。我想步行回家锻炼身体。A. neednt不必；B. couldnt不能；C. cant不会；D. mustnt禁止，不允许。根据I want to walk home for exercise.
26、可知，你不必让我搭车。故选A。考点：考查情态动词18Its so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed? Oh, Im not to blame. They _ open.Ashant Bmustnt Cwont Dwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：-这里又热又不舒服！你的窗户怎么还关着？ -哦，不该责备我啊。窗户打不开了。shant= shall not意为“不可, 不应”；mustnt=must not意为“不要”；wouldnt=would not 意为“不会，不愿意”。w
27、ont=will not意为“不会, 不能”， will在这里表示能力、功能。例如：This auditorium will seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人。这句话意思是“这扇窗不能打开”，故选C项。19He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.Ashouldnt be Bcant have finishedCcant be Dmustnt have finished【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意：他现
28、在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为cant have done不可能做某事，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推测句对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done对过去情况的否定推测是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He cant have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.20-Is Jack sti
29、ll in hospital?-Yes. He _ the bad food.Awouldnt eat Bshouldnt eatCwouldnt have eaten Dshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意;-杰克孩子医院吗？-是，他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物，所以排除AB，这里的shouldnt have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”，wouldnt have done过去本不会做而做了，所以选D。考点：考查情态动词和虚拟语气21It turned out that the hotel was so near. I _ the ta
30、xi.Aneednt have taken Bmust have taken Cshould take Dcould take【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。neednt have done表示“本不必做某事实际上做了”，根据句意，旅馆很近不用乘坐出租车，但是乘车了。故选A。22I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.It true because there was little snow there.Amay be not Bwont be Ccouldnt be Dmustnt be【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我听说他们去年冬天去山里滑雪。-不可能是真的，因为那里几乎没有雪。A. may be not可能不；B. wont be 不会；C. couldnt be不可能是； D. mustnt be禁止。根据because there was little snow there.可知这里是否定推测，co
