1、高考英语倒装句考点归纳与试题解析 英语中的倒装句指的是主语、谓语位置颠倒的情况，根据其倒装形式又可分为部分倒装和全部倒装两种形式。在历年的上海高考中，倒装句都是其考查的重点。考点一. 强调否定状语的倒装句。否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类状语有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely.when, no soonerthan, not onlybut also, not until, nowhere, neithernor等。例1. Ive
2、tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means_ with my progress. A. the teacher is not satisfiedB. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied解析：by no means意思是“决不，在任何情况下都不”，放在句首，句子要用部分倒装。故正确答案为D。例2.Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no sooner_ than
3、 it happened.A. had she gongB. she had goneC. has she goneD. she has gone解析：no soonerthan意为“一就”，no sooner所在的主句常用过去完成时，that引导的从句用一般过去时，no表示否定意义。故正确答案为A。注意： not onlybut(also)连接两个并列分句且包含否定意义的not only放于句首时， not only后的分句要进行部分倒装, but (also)后的分句不进行倒装。 例3. Not only_ interested in football but _ beginning to
4、 show an interest in it. A. the teacher himself is; all his students areB. the teacher himself is; are all his students C. is the teacher himself; are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself; all his students are 解析：not only位于句首，其后句子用部分倒装的形式，而but also后的句子语序不倒装。故正确答案为D。PS. 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句
5、不倒装。 Not until his mother came back did he go to bed.考点二. Only+状语/状语从句置于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。例4. Only then_ how much damage had been caused? A. she realized B. she had realizedC. had she realizedD. did she realize解析：only位于句首修饰状语then，全句要进行部分倒装， 由then又知道此时时态应用一般过去时态。故正确答案为D。考点三. 作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。有时为了强
6、调将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末；或者当句子中主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常以作状语的介词短语开头。例5. At the foot of the mountain_.A. a village lie B. lies a villageC. does a village lie D. lying a village解析：介词短语at the foot of the mountain位于句首，句子用全部倒装，其时态应为一般现在时态。故正确答案为B。例6. Just in front of our house_ with a history of 1,000 years. A. doe
7、s a tall tree standB. stands a tall treeC. a tall tree is standingD. a tall tree stands解析：介词短语位于句首，句子用全部倒装结构。故正确答案为B。考点四. so/suchthat结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时, 主句要进行部分倒装。例7. So difficult_ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A. I did find B. did I findC. I have fou
8、nd D. have I found解析: so位于句首且so修饰difficult, 主句部分进行部分倒装，整句为一般过去时态。故正确答案为B。考点五. soneithernor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时用部分倒装结构 “soneithernor助动词系动词情态动词主语”（so表示肯定意义，neithernor表示否定意义）的形式。 例8. Its burning hot today, isnt it?Yes. _ yesterday. A. So was it B. So it wasC. So it is D. So is it解析: so在这里表示昨天的天气情况也跟今天的一样。故
9、正确答案为A。例9. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. _. A. Nor am I B. Neither would IC. Same with me D. So do I 解析: 前句表示否定, 则后句也应表示否定, 根据上一句的情态动词,第二句中也应该用情态动词would。故正确答案为B。注意，如果so表示强调， 即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时，其结构则是“so主语助动词系动词情态动词”的形式，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如：例10. Well，I do think th
10、e rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. (0_.A. So it is B. So is itC. So does itD. So it does解析：肯定前一句话中的宾语从句 “the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal”, so引导的句子不进行倒装，而且so引导的句子中谓语动词要与该宾语从句中的谓语动词相一致。故正确答案为A。考点六. As/though 引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as / though引导的让步从句中必须将表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词
11、、实义动词提前），构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词+as/though+主语+谓语的其它部分”的形式。例11._, he talks a lot about his favorites singers after class.A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may beD. Quiet as he may be a student解析：整个表语部分quiet student提在as之前并且名词student前的冠词a要省略。故正确答案为B。例12
12、. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.A. As long as I have traveledB. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveledD. As I have traveled so much解析：本题中从句与主句之间存在明显的让步关系，故需要选择由as引导的让步状语从句，并且要将副词much提前进行倒装。故正确答案为C。 使用as/though进行倒装时需要注意的是：句首有名词时，名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之
13、后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如:Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。（理解即可）考点七. 非真实条件句中的倒装。即在非真实条件句中含有were, had, should等助动词时，可以将if省略，把助动词放在非真实条件句的句首的倒装形式。例13._ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A. Wo
14、uld you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be解析：该句中条件句为非真实条件句，省略if且表示与将来事实相反。故正确答案为B。例14. _ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see the film.A. If it is not B. Were it notC. Had it not been D. If they were not解析：该条件句中省略if, 且表达与过去事实相反。故正确答案为C。PS. 两种常见的全部倒装结构1) here, there, now, t
15、hen, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. 2) 表示运动方向的副词置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a little child.In came a teacher. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes.Away they went.随堂小练习：1. _can you e
16、xpect to get a pay rise. a. With hard work b. Although work hard c. Only with hard work d. Now that he works hard 2. _, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. a. However late is he b. However he is late c. However is he late d. However late he is 3. Not until all the fish died in the rive
17、r, _ how serious the pollution was. a. did the villagers realize b. the villagers realized c. the villagers did realize d. didnt the villagers realize 4. Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. a. didnt realize b. did I realize c. I didnt realize d. I realized 5.Do you know Jim quarr
18、el with his brother? I dont know, _. a. nor dont I care b. nor do I care c. I dont care neither d. I dont care also 6. Only by practicing a few hours every day _ be able to waste much time. a. you can b. can you c. you will d. will you 7. Not until the early years of the19th century _ what heat is.
19、a. man did know b. man knew c. didnt man know d. did man know 8. _got into the room, _ the telephone rang. a. He hardly; then b. Hardly had he; when c. He had not; than d. Not had he; when 9. _ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. a. N
20、ot only they brought b. Not only did they bring c. Not only brought they d. Not only they did bring 10.I dont think I can walk any further. / _, lets stop here for a rest. a. Neither can i b. neither do I c. I didnt think so d. I think so 11. Only in this way _ do it well. a. must we b. we could c.
21、can we d. we can 12. Hardly _ when it began to rain. a. had he arrived b. arrived he c. he had arrived d. did he arrive 13. Jack is a student and studies at the no. 2 middle school. _. a. it was the same with mike b. so it is with mike c. so is mike d. so does mike 14. _, I would have given you his
22、address. a. if you asked me b. you had asked me c. should you have asked me d. had you asked me 15. _ that they had made an important discovery in science. a. Little they realized b. They had realized little c. Little did they realize d. Little had they realized 16. _ that I couldnt be absorbed in t
23、he work. a. They made such talked b. So loudly they talked c. It was noise outside d. Such a loud noise did they make 17. Many a time _ me good advice. a. he gave b. does he give c. he has given d. has he given 18. _ have I seen a better performance. a. everywhere b. nowhere else c. everywhere else
24、d. nowhere 19. Not a single word _ at the beginning. a. did he say b. has he said c. he said d. he has said 20. Only in an hour ago _ out why he was absent. a. did the teacher found b. the teacher found c. did the teacher find d. had the teacher found 21. _the plane. a. Flew down b. Down flew c. Dow
25、n was flying d. Down fly 22. Hardly _ when the bus suddenly pulled away. a. they had got to the bus stop b. they got to the bus stop c. did they get to the bus stop d. had they got to the bus stop 23. Not only _ a promise ,but he also kept it. a. had he made b. he had made c. did he make d. he makes
26、 24. There _ . a. come they b. they come c. they are come d. they will come 25. _ that he could not speak for a long time. a. So frightened was he b. So frightened he was c. Was he so frightened d. Frightened was he 26. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. a. will he realize b.
27、 he did realize c. did he realize d. should he realize 27. Only when you have finished your homework _ go home. a. can you b. would you c. you will d. you can 28. Seldom _ any mistakes during my past few years of working here. a. would I make b. did I make c. I did make d. shall I make 小翻译：1.他不仅许了诺，而且也守了诺。( Not only)2.我一辈子没听说过也没见过这样的东西。( Never)3.在地上躺着一个不到十岁的男孩子,受了重伤。4.墙上挂着一幅中国地图。5.他变化如此大以致我几乎认不出来了。(So)6.直到回到家里我才发现到钱包丢了。(Not until)7.你想见的那个女孩子来啦！(Here)8.我不想认识他，也不想了解他的一些情况。(neither/nor)9.只有当战争结束，那个年轻的士兵才回到了自己的家乡。(Only)10.汤姆最近取得了很大的进步。 是啊，确实如此。你也是哟。(so)
