1、听力指导四级题目训练的完整步骤 （北京新东方学校 赵建昆）材料来源：为了更好的突破四六级考试，我们始终认为四六级真题是最好的训练材料。2006年6月起四级考试进行试卷改革。所以06年6月起到现在的题目是最需要训练得滚瓜烂熟的题目。若认为题目不够训练，也可以继续做05年或以前的题目。但是题目时间越早，难度和实效性就越低。第一步：预判 （3-5分钟）做题前，一定留出时间看题。正式考试时看题时间约3分钟左右。我们只能高效的看而非全面的看。选项中最需要注意的是：高频词，主语，谓语等。同时注意，相似选项和相反选项要保留，准确答案就在其间。复合式听写部分也需要注意高频词汇。例（小对话）：A) Shell
2、have some chocolate cake.B) Shell take a look at the menu.C) Shell go without dessert.D) Shell prepare the dinner.很明显，圈出所有的“she”，暗示自己稍后听女士的话即可，而男士的话并非重点。例（长对话）A) marketing consultancy.B) Professional accountancy.C) luxury hotel management.D) business conference organization选项都是某种行业，又因为此题是08年6月听力长对话中
3、的第一题，所以就暗示自己注意长对话开始部分的行业词汇即可。第二步：听力开始（35分钟）2006年6月年后的四级听力放音时间约35分钟左右。请不间断地听完一套题，中间不要停顿，强化自己的耐力注意力和定力。第三步：查阅环节（时间因人而异）1、 对答案。确定准确答案在原文中的位置。同时确定错误答案为什么错。2、 查词和短语。将选项和原文中所有不熟悉的单词和短语全部查阅清楚，不留死角。3、 翻译句子。查阅词语结束后，可以用视译的方式看句子是否可以通顺的翻译明白。若发现人有句子无法理解，那就是单词和短语的含义并未查阅正确。例：2006年6月四级听力长对话原文，是一个面试：What benefit pac
4、kage do you offer?误译：你提供什么利益包裹？正译：你们有什么样的福利计划？无独有偶：2007年12月的面试长对话中，又出现了一次benefitThere is a list of extra benefits. （有一个福利清单。）第四步：视听和跟读原文（时间因人而异）现在，你需要打开眼睛已经可以完全看懂的听力原文。边放音边听，同时跟读和模仿。跟不上的时候，可以以半句为单位甚至每个单词为单位。本步骤可以纠正发音。你可以读准这几个单词么？Exhibit resume receipt fasten，necessity另外，我们还需要特别注意连读或失去爆破在语句中的使用。第五步：裸
5、听（时间因人而异）本步骤要求在没有原文的情况下，完全靠双耳能力听懂所有细节。这是听力训练的最高环节。你可能会发现刚才边看边听时没有任何理解难度的单词和短语都会出现不懂或模糊的情况，一旦如此，请回到第四步确定是什么词语让耳朵不够熟悉。本环节的训练需要耐心和坚持。第六步：部分听写（时间因人而异）为了提高四六级整体听写水平，同学可以在选择性地将部分短对话或长对话，甚至短文听力，用单句反复播放的形式写出来。你需要耐心地把一句话重复听多遍，以求最终准确写出。若发现单词或短语无法准确拼写，可以在整段播放完毕后进行统一确认。注意：“时间因人而异”是指由于同学基础和能力有所差别，耗费的时间也会有差别。第二部分
6、：例题练习演示例：2007年12月份第三篇短文听力33. A）Itll enable them to enjoy the best medical care. B）Itll allow them to receive free medical treatment. C）Itll protect them from possible financial crises. D）Itll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.34. A）They cant immediately get back the money paid for their med
7、ical cost. B）They have to go through very complicated application procedures. C）They can only visit doctors who speak their native language. D）They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.35. A）They dont have to pay for the medical services. B）They neednt pay the entire medical bill at o
8、nce. C）They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly. D）They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.第一步 看题（1分钟）：33题：注意圈出每项的动词，听到确定的动词即为准确答案34题：选项较难，只能迅速熟悉一下长词或难词的位置，不要强迫自己全部看懂35题：ABD都是pay做谓语，答案必在其间。第二步,听力做题（3分钟）（音频见网站链接：附件五）第三步 查阅1、 答案：CAB2、 找出答案在原文的对应：Obtaining g
9、ood health insurance is a real necessity while you are studying overseas. It protects you from minor and major medical expenses that can wipe out not only your savings，（33题C选项的高度对应，尤其是“protect sb from 保护某人不受某种侵害”这个短语的重合）but you dreams of an education abroad.There are often two different types of hea
10、lth insurance you can consider buying：international travel insurance and student insurance in the country where you will be going. An international travel insurance policy is usually purchased in your home country before you go abroad. It generally covers a wide variety of medical services，and are o
11、ften gives a list of doctors in the area where you will travel who may even speak your native language. The drawback might be that you may not get your money back immediately.（34题的A项有多个单词和短语在此处重合） In other words，you may have to pay all your medical expenses and then later submit your receipts to the
12、 insurance company. On the other hand，getting student health insurance in the country where you will study might allow you to only pay a certain percentage of the medical cost at the time of service and thus，you dont have to have sufficient cash to pay the entire bill at once.（35题的B项在此重合）Whatever yo
13、u decide，obtaining some form of health insurance is something you should consider before you go overseas. You shouldnt wait until you are sick with major medical bills to pay off.33.Why does the speaker advise overseas students to buy health insurance？34.What is the drawback of students buying inter
14、national travel insurance？35.What does the speaker say about students getting health insurance in the country where they will study？3、查阅所有词语，确认选项和原文准确中文含义：题目选项举例：33题A 它使得他们能够享受最好的医疗待遇；B 它允许他们得到免费治疗；C 它保护他们免受财政危机（的侵扰）；D 它预防医生们过度收费原文举例：In other words，you may have to pay all your medical expenses and t
15、hen later submit your receipts to the insurance company.译文：也就是说，你可能需要缴纳你所有的医疗费用，然后把你的收据提交给保险公司。第四步 视听原文现在，请你一句一句再把文章听两到三遍，确定发音。现在，necessity和receipt怎么读？听力概况在四六级考试中，听力部分从2006年6月起由过去20%的比例上升为35%，是所有部分中唯一比例上涨的题目。（阅读从过去的40%下降到目前的35%，而过去词汇和结构部分已经取消。）有消息称，国家四六级出题委员会即将在2012年左右全面推行计算机四六级考试。其中，听力部分将达到70%的内容。在
16、现行的四六级笔考中，听力部分的比例和题型完全一致，但是在长度、词汇选择难度、主题的深度上都有差别。另外，四六级听力部分的语速并没有明显差别，均维持在90100词/每分钟。语音为美音主导之下的美音与英音的混合。听力题目构成与比例小对话： 8% 选择题 共8道对话，每题长约1分钟长对话： 7% 选择题 共2段对话，每段长约3分钟听力短文： 10% 选择题 共3篇文章，每篇长约3分钟复合式听写：10% 听写填空 填8个单词和三句话，放音三遍，共计8分钟听力位于考试的卷二部分，共占全卷35%。听力选择题目的一般性做题规律小对话：视听反向原则、同义替换原则。视听反向原则是指，在小对话的题目中，当你发现被
17、读到的单词或短语在选项中明显出现的时候，此选项更容易是错的。同义替换是指，若发现选项中的单词和短语是听力原文中出现的同义和近义替换，则选项容易为正确。例题：2006年6月四级考试第9题AHelen is talkative B. Helen is active C. Helen is sociable D. Helen is quite原文：M：Weve got three women researchers in our group, Mary, Betty and Helen. Do you know them?W: Sure, Mary is active and sociable. B
18、etty is the most talkative woman Ive ever met. But guess what？Helen is just the opposite.Q: what do we know from the conversation?解析：可以明显看出，本题的答案为D.其中，另外三项的形容词都被读到，而quite恰好是talkative与opposite组合的一个同义替换。例题：2008年12月四级考试第17题A) She wants to get some sleep. B) She needs time to write a paper.C) She has a
19、literature class to attend. D) She is troubled by her sleep problem.原文：M: How about joining me for a cup of coffee?W: Id love to, but Im exhausted.（疲惫） I was up till 3 this morning writing a paper for my literature class.Q: Why does the woman decline the mans invitation?解析：准确答案A。用来替换Im exhausted（疲倦）
20、，同义替换，听到的慎选。长对话和短文听力：视听基本一致原则视听基本一致的含义是指，听到的原文和看到的选项若基本一致，则选项容易为正确选择。这一点和短对话的原则恰恰相反，请考生一定注意。例题：2007年12月四级考试第2道长对话：23. A）She is thirsty for promotion. C）She is tired of her present work. B）She wants a much higher salary. D）She wants to save travel expenses.24. A）Translator. C）Language instructor. B）T
21、ravel agent. D）Environmental engineer.25. A）Lively personality and inquiring mind. B）Communication skills and team spirit. C）Devotion and work efficiency. D）Education and experience.答案：CAD原文：W：Oh! Im fed up with my job！（第一次作对第23题的机会，be fed up with sth/sb意思为厌倦某事或某人）M：Hey！Theres a perfect job for you
22、in the paper today. You might be interested.W：Oh？What is it？What do they want？M：Wait a minuteAh，here it is. The European Space Agency. Its recruiting translators.（第24题。视听基本一致）W：The European Space Agency？M：Well，That is what it says. They need an English translator（第24题。视听基本一致） to work from French or
23、German.W：So they need a degree in French or German，I suppose. Well，Ive got that. Whats more？ Ive plenty of experience. What else are they asking for？M：Just that. A university degree，and 3 or 4 years experience as a translator in a professional environment. They also say，the person should have a live
24、ly and inquiring mind，effective communication skills，and the ability to work individually，or as a part of the team.（第25题AB项同时被读到，于是就都错了。本句含义为，他们同时说，这个人需要有活泼好学的性格，有效的交流技巧，既有个人能力又可以成为团队一员。）W：Well，if I stay on my present job much longer，I wont have any mind or skills left.（作对第23题的第二次机会） By the way，what
25、 about the salary？I just hope it isnt lower than what I get now.M：Its said to be negotiable. It depends on the applicants education and experience.（最后被读到，第25题准确答案。视听基本一致） In addition to basic salary，theres a list extra benefits. Have a look yourself.W：Emtravel and social security plus relocation exp
26、enses are paid. Hey，this isnt bad，I really want the job.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation youve just heard:23. Why is the woman trying to find a new job？24. What position is being advertised in the paper？25. What are the key factors that determine the salary of the new position？例题：200
27、7年12月四级考试第一篇短文听力26. A）They care a lot about children. B）They need looking after in their old age. C）They want to enrich their life experience. D）They want children to keep them company.27.A）They are usually adopted from distant places. B）Their birth information is usually kept secret. C）Their birth
28、parents often try to conceal their birth information. D）Their adoptive parents dont want them to know their birth parents.28. A）They generally hold bad feeling towards their birth parents. B）They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents. C）They have mixed feelings about finding the
29、ir natural parents. D）They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.29. A）Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship. B）Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas. C）Understanding is the key to successful adoption. D）Adoption has much to do with love.答案：ABCD原文：Wh
30、en couples get married，they usually plan to have children，Sometimes，however，a couple can not have a child of their own. In this case，they may decide to adopt a child. In fact，adoption is very common today. There are about 60,000 adoptions each year in the United States alone. Some people prefer to a
31、dopt infants. Others adopt older children. Some couples adopt children from their own families，they all adopt children for the same reason. They care about children（第26题） and want to give their adopted child a happy life.Most adopted children know that they are adopted. Psychologists and childcare experts generally think this is a good idea. However，many adopted children
