1、2.In addition, there are two museums in the city.3.The problem, in this case, is hard to solve.二、强调（ to emphasize ）1. certainly确实地 2. indeed确实地 3. surely确实地 4. above all尤其；最重要者 5. most important （ of all ）最重要的是1.Certainly the vacation was fun.2.Indeed, no man is an island.谚语：人不能离群索居。3.Above all, avo
2、id swimming alone in strange waters.（陌生的水域）三、举例（ to illustrate ）1. for example例如 2. for instance例如 3. thus就这样 4. next其次；然后 5. namely那就是 6. that is那就是 7. in other words换言之 8. that is to say换言之；那就是说 9. in particular尤其；特别 10. particularly尤其 11. especially特别地；主要地1.A good speech, for example, should be a
3、s short as a skirt.2.For instance, light travels faster than sound.3.Next, think of the courses you want to take.四、增加或附属（ to add ）1. in addition而且；2. furthermore而且；更有甚者 3. also也；而且 4. moreover而且；5. again而且 6. and而且 7. besides而且 8. in addition to除之外 9. whats more而且1.In addition, the tour stops in Tok
4、yo.2.furthermore, he is too old to do that.3.Also, she asked for some money.五、比较（ to compare ）尤其是相同性质的比较1. like像 2. likewise同样地 3. in the same way同样地 4. similarly同样地 5. too也 6.equally important同样重要地1.Like Peter, Tom is a good swimmer.2.In the same way, we look for a good doctor.3.The car uses less f
5、uel. Equally important, the car drives ninety miles per hour.六、对比关系或相反的意思（ to contrast ）1. unlike不像 2. in contrast相反地 3. on the other hand另一方面 4. for another thing另一方面 5. on the contrary相反地 6. instead代替；更换；反而 7. but然而；但是 8. instead of代替；不而 9. nevertheless然而 10. however然而 11. still然而 12. yet然而 13. af
6、ter all毕竟 14. in spite of虽然 15. despite虽然1.Unlike Tom, John is brave.2.In contrast, they took to the streets.相反地，他们走上街头。3.Instead, the new law caused many problems.七、让步（ to concede ）1. although虽然 2. nevertheless然而 3. of course当然 4. clearly确实地 5. naturally自然地 6. perhaps或许1.Although she ran after the
7、train, it left without her.2.He planned, nevertheless, to ask for our help.3.Clearly, a garden needs a lot of care.八、结果（ to state a consequence ）1. therefore 2. consequently 3. as a result 4. thus 5. accordingly 6. hence以上皆表因此，所以，结果 7. so所以；因此1.They hoped, therefore, to be respected.2.Consequently,
8、we opened an account at the bank.3.Accordingly, she gave up her original plan.九、综合；总结（ to sum up ）1. to sum up 2. to summarize 3. to conclude 4. in sum （ in summary ）5. in conclusion以上皆表总之 6. in brief 7. in short 8. in a word 9. to be short 10. in a nutshell以上皆表简言之 11. by and large一般来说 12. finally最后
9、 13. in general一般而言 14. on the whole整个来说 15. generally speaking大体而言；一般而论1.To conclude, Chinese New Year is the most important holiday.2.In summary, recreation is a big business.3.I will tell it in a nutshell.十、时间关系（ to state sequence of time ）1. after a long time （ after a short time ）过了很久，过了不久 2. a
10、fter a long absence过了很久 3. presently目前 4. meanwhile同时 5. after a while一阵子之后 6. once曾经；一度 7. since then自从那时起 8. at the same time同时 9. temporarily暂时地 10. later稍晚 11. afterward后来 12. thereafter其后 13. lately最近；近来 14. sooner or later早晚1.They met after a long absence.2.Meanwhile, they were at war with the
11、ir enemy.3.Thereafter, they never met again.十一、顺序、列举或思想的延续（ to state order ）1. first首先 2. in this manner （ in this way ）就这样 3. first of all首先 4. in the same way同样地 5. second其次 6. third第三 7. in the first place首先 8. then然后 9. next下一个 10. again再次 11. finally最后；终于 12. eventually终于 13. by the way顺便一提 14.
12、 incidentally附带地；顺便一提1.First of all, jogging makes the heart stronger.2.Eventually, they came to an agreement.3.Incidentally, medical supplies will be sent here next Monday.十二、方向（ to state directions ）1. below在下面 2. next to在的旁边 3. beyond超越；越过 4. on the （ my, your, etc. ） right在右边 5. further更远处 6. on the left在左边 7. here这里 8. nearby在附近 9. opposite to在对面1.Next to the national cemetery, there was an old church.2.On my right lies the beautiful river.3.Opposite to their building, there was an elm tree.
