1、初中英语重要短语初中英语重要短语、惯用法（36组、按字母顺序）1. get on/off(the bus) 上/下车 get up 起床 get ready for 为.作准备 get oneself dressed 自己穿衣服 get in 进入，收集 get sb.sth. =get sth.for sb. 为某人买某物 get on/along well with sb/sth. 与某人相处很好，.进展顺利2. have an accident 出事故 have a good time =enjoy oneself 玩得很高兴 have a cold wet day 天气又冷又湿 hav
2、e a cough 咳嗽 have a drink(of). 喝一杯. have a talk 听报告 have lunch 吃午饭 have.for lunch 午饭吃. have a meeting 开会 have no idea 不知道 have a rest 休息一下 3. make a mistake 犯错误 mistake A for B 把A错认为B take sth. by mistake 错拿某物 4. make friends with 与.交朋友 make faces 做鬼脸 make a fire 生火 make an excuse 找籍口 make a.sound 发
3、.音 make tea 沏茶 make room for. 为.找出空间 make it 如期赴约 make a team 组成一个队 Lets make it half past one. 注意：时间前不用介词at 5. turn sth. on/off 打开/关掉. turn sth. up/down 把.音量开大/小 注意：当sth 是代词时，常放中间 6. try sth. on 试穿（衣、鞋、帽） 注意：当 sth 为it或them, 常放中间try out 试验、尝试 try ones best to do sth. 尽力干某事=do ones best to do sth.7.
4、send sb. away 开除、解雇某人 send sb sth送给某人某物 send for sb. 派人去请某人 send up 发射 8. hear from sb 收到.的来信 hear of 听说 9. hurry off 匆匆离去，赶快去 hurry up 赶快 10. get to +名词 get +副词(不用to) reach+名词/副词 arrive in/at +大/小地点 （后接副词，不用at/in） eg. get to Shanghai、reach Shanghai 、arrive in Shanghai到达上海 eg. reach home、get home、ar
5、rive home 到家 11. teach sb. English 教某人英语 teach oneself=learn sth.by oneself 自学 12.到.末为止by the end of +过去时间 （用于过去完成时） by the end of +将来时间 （用于一般将来时） at the end of+地点 在.尽头 in the end= at last 最后，终于 13. hundreds of 成百上千 five hundred thousands of 成千上万的 six thousand millions of 成百万的seven million14. be ple
6、ased to do sth 很高兴地干某事 be pleased with sth. 为某事而高兴15. be used for 被用来 used to do sth过去做- be used as 被当作 be used to doing sth 习惯于做谋事 be used by 被.所使用be used to do sth 被用来做谋事 16. so far 到目前为止，in the past/last few years 用于现在完成时17. on a Tuesday morning 一个星期二的早上 on the morning of June 15th.1998 在1998年6月1
7、5日早上 18. keep sb.doing sth. 让某人一直干某事 keep doing sth. 继续做某事 keep on doing sth. 持续不断地做某事 19. much too+形容词副词原级 实在太. too much+不可数名词 相当多的. eg. Its _ expensive. I cant buy it. Theres _ rain this year. 20. thanks to.由于，多亏 thanks to ones help=because of ones help 由于某人的帮忙 thanks for ones help 谢谢某人的帮助 21. be
8、far away froma place/sb 远离某地22. because of + n.eg Because of the rain, we cant go out.类似还有instead of sb/sth23. two-month holiday=two months holiday 二个月的假期an eightyearold child 一个八岁的孩子24. fall asleep 入睡（进入状态） get to sleep 入睡（还没睡着） 25. stop sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事 eg. She stopped the child from lis
9、tening. stop doing sth. 停止干某事，不再干某事 stop to do sth. 停止下来干另一件事。 26. hardly any +n. 几乎没有 never 从来没有.27. quite a/an+形容词名词 一个相当. eg. Two months is quite a long time. a very 形容词+名词 eg. English is a very useful language. 28. be afraid of+名词 害怕. be afraid to+动词 担心、害怕. be afraid that+从句 恐怕. 29. so+形容词 so st
10、rong so beautiful How +形容词 +the +名词 +动词！ such+形容词+名词(复数或不可数) What+形容词+名词(复数或不可数)！ such beautiful pictures such nice smell such + a/an+形容词+名词（单数）What +a/an +形容词+名词（单数）！ such an interesting story 30. feel like doing 想干某事31. be made/grown/produced 三个词的被动语态都可解释为“生产”归类: 机器一类make(制造) 盐.糖.丝绸produce (经机器加工生
11、产) 农作物、水果grow (人工种出来的) 32. finish/ doing sth. 做完某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于干某事 go on doing sth. 继续干某事 be always doing 老是干某事 33. hope to do sth. 希望干某事hope that.希望某人干某事,不可用hope sb.to do sth. 34. in surprise 惊奇地（作状语） be surprised at sb. 对某人的举动感到诧异 be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 35. no space(room) to sta
12、nd in 没有站的地方、空间 36. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 agree with sb. 同意某人的观点 with ones help 在某人的帮助下 初中英语短语词组详解由动词开头构成的短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理： 一、动词+介词 1look at看，look like 看上去像， look after 照料 2listen to听 3welcome to欢迎到 4say hello to 向问好 5speak to对说话 此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。如：This is my new bike. Ple
13、ase look it after.()This is my new bike. Please look after it.() 二、动词+副词 “动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类： A动词（vt.）+副词 1put on 穿上 2take off脱下 3write down记下 此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。试比较：First listen to the tape, then write down the answer/write the answer down. ()First listen to the answer, the
14、n write down it.()First listen to the answer, then write it down.() B动词（vi）+副词。 1come on赶快 2get up起床 3go home回家 4come in进来 5sit down坐下 6stand up起立 此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。 三、其它类动词词组1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.w
15、atch TV/games 10. play games介词短语聚焦 “介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。 1in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着。如：in English，in the hat 2in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在排/队/班级/年级”等。 3in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。 4in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。5in the tr
16、ee表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。如：There are some in the tree. There are many apples on the trees. 6in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。如：Therere four windows in the wall, and there is a map on the back wall. 7at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。8at + 时刻表示钟
17、点。如：at six, at half , past ten. 9like this/that表示方式，意为“像这/那样”。10of短语表示所属关系。如：a picture of a classroom, a map of China. 11behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。如：beside/ near the door, under/ behind the tree. 12from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从”，后者意为“到”。如：from one to ten, (go) to school/ bed/ work. 另外，以下这些短语也必须
18、掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on ones bike等。重点句型大回放1I think意为“我认为”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I dont think，如：I think hes Mr Zhinag. (L17)I dont think you are right. 2give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把给”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it
19、/ them to sb. 如：His parents give him a nice purse./His parents give a nice purse to him. Give it to Mr Hu.(L57)3take sb./ sth. to意为“把(送)带到”，后常接地点，也可接人。如：Please take the new books to the classroom.4One, the other/One isand one is意为“一个是；另一个是”，必须是两者中。如：One is red and one is grey.(L50)或 One is red, the
20、other is grey.5Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Dont let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Lets 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，如：Lets go for a walk./Let us try once more, please.6help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换。如：Let me help you find
21、 it.(L42)/Let me help you with it.7What about？/How about？意为“怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。如：What/How playing chess? 8Its time to do/ Its time for sth. 意为“该做的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。如：Its time to have supper. =Its time for supper.9like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢
22、做某事”，如：Li Lei and his friends like to play in the tree house. (L 43)前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，试比较：Tom likes swimming, but doesnt like to swim this afternoon. 10ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，如：Ask your friends to guess what is in it. (L44)11show sb. sth. / show sth. to
23、 do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。如：Show your friend your family photo.（L36）/Show your family photo to your friend. 12introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。如：Introduce your family to her. 重点短语快速复习 1.kinds of 各种各样的 2. eitheror或者或者，不是就是 3. neithernor既不也不4. Chinese tea without, anyt
24、hing in it 中国清茶5. take a seat 就坐6. home cooking 家常做法7. be famous for 因而著名8. on ones way to在途中9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院10. at the end of在的尽头，在的末尾11. wait for 等待12. in time 及时13. make ones way to往（艰难地）走去14. just then 正在那时15. first of all 首先，第一16. go wrong 走错路17. be/get lost 迷路18. make a noise 吵闹，
25、喧哗19. get on 上车20. get off 下车21. stand in line 站队22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室23. at the head of在的前头24. laugh at 嘲笑25. throw about 乱丢，抛散26. in fact 实际上27. at midnight 在半夜28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架30. take ones temperature 给某人体温31. have/get a pain in某处疼痛32. have a hea
26、dache 头痛33. as soon as 一就34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事35. stopfrom doing sth. 阻止干某事36. fall asleep 入睡37. again and again再三地，反复地38. wake up 醒来，叫醒39. instead of 代替40. look over 检查41. take exercise运动42. had better(not) do sth. 最好（不要）干某事43. at the weekend 在周末44. on time 按时45. out of从向外46. all by onesel
27、f 独立，单独47. lots of=a lot of 许多48. no longer/more=notany longer/more 不再49. get back 回来，取回50. sooner or later迟早51. run away 逃跑52. eat up 吃光，吃完53. run after 追赶54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物55. take(good) care of=look after(well)（好好）照顾，照料56. think of 考虑到，想起57. keep a diary 坚持写日记58. leave one by oneself
28、 把某人单独留下59. harder and harder 越来越厉害60. turn on打开（电灯、收音机、煤气等）61. turn off 关重温重点句型1So + be助动词情牵动词主语前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be助动词情态动词+主语”这种倒装结构。例如：He likes playing basketball, and so do I. 他喜欢打篮球，我也喜欢。Kate cant speak Chinese, and I neither/ nor
29、can Jim凯特不会说汉语。吉姆也不会。注意：“So+主语+be助动词情态动词”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”例如：一Basketball is very popular game in America篮球在美国是一项很受欢迎的运动。一So it is的确如此。2Turn rightleft at the firstsecondcrossing.这一指路的句型意为“在第一二个十字路口向右左拐。”相当于Take the first secondturning on therightleft. 例如：一Can you tell me the way to the nearest post office？你能告诉我去最近的邮局的路吗？一Walk along this road，and turn left at the third crossing. 沿着这条路走，在第三个路口向左拐。3It takes sbsome tim
