1、Unit2 English around the worldofficial adj 官方的正式的.公务的 voyage n 航行航海conquer 征服.占领 because of 因为 come up 走近，上来提出native 本国的；本地的 n 本地人本国人 actually实际上，事实上base根据 n 基部；基地，墓础 at present 现在；目前gradual 逐渐的.逐步的 enrich 使富裕；充实，改善vocabulary 词汇.词汇量.词表make use of 利用 使用 latter 较后的后平的；（两者中）后者的 . fluent 流利的.流畅的 frequen
2、t adj 频繁的常见的 usage 使用.用法.词语惯用法command命令；指令；掌握request请求；要求 dialect 方言 expression 词语；表示表达play a part ( in ）扮演个角色：参与 2.短语归纳1. 不只有一种英语 more than one kind of English2. 在一些重要方面 in some important ways3. 彼此不同 be different from one another4. 与现代英语不同 be different from modern / present day English 5. 起着的重要作用 p
3、lay an important role / part6. 起着越来越重要的作用 play a more and more /an increasingly important part / role7. 因为它特殊的作用 because of its special role8. 国际语言 an international language9. 在16世纪末 at the end of the 16 th century10. 在17世纪初 at the beginning of the 17 th century11. 在20世纪前期 in the early 20 th century
4、12. 即使 even if / even though13. 以德语为基础 be based on German14. 使用更大的词汇量 make use of a wider vocabulary15. 它自己的特色 its own identity16. 众多讲英语的人a very large number of English speakers17. 学英语的人数 the number of people learning English18. 信不信由你 believe it or not19. 讲最好的英语 speak excellent English20. 从一个地方搬到另一个
5、地方 move from one place to another21. 充分利用不同的方言 make full use of different dialects22. 国际组织 an international organization23. 辨认出他的口音 recognize his accent24. 发出命令 give commands25. 提出客气的请求 make a polite request要点提炼 Section A重要词语辨析1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour【解释】voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行Columbus succe
6、eded in making a voyage to America in 1942.journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行，距离较远，多指陆地They will make a journey to Beijing by train.travel: 一系列的旅程，泛指旅游We had six days travel by car.trip: (短途)旅行The Greens will take a weekend trip to the Great Wall.tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行We will make a tour of Hainan next week.
7、【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). It is tiring to take a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow.2). The _ from England to Australia used to take several months.3). Well have time for a _ to France next weekend.4). We went on a guided _ round the castle.1. recognize/realize/know(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原
8、因后又重新认出来。(2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。(3)know 是延续性动词，指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解应用1(1)Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health.(2)Ive _ Tom for years.(3)I _ him as soon as he came into the room2. such as/for example/that is/and so on(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且其后不用逗号，直接跟所列举的事物，可与 li
9、ke互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和，否则就用 that is或 namely。(2)for example 主要用于举例说明，其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。(3)that is 相当于 namely，它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时，在说了其中的几个以后，用.and so on进行概括，说明还有例子，但不一一列出了。练习(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, _， Chinese,
10、 maths, English and PE.(2)Overcooking(烹饪过度), _， destroys many nutrients(营养素).(3)He can speak some other languages, _ French and German.(4)There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag.4 a number of / the number of【解释】a number of意思是“若干；许多”the number of意思是“的数目”【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). Today _ people
11、 learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.2). _ books in the market are in English.重要词性变化 1. actual adj. 实际的actually adv. 实际上；事实上2. base n. 基地；基础base v. 以为根据basic adj. 基本的3. east n. 东方eastern adj. 东方的；东部的【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) What did he _ say? (actual)2) The _ cost was much higher than we h
12、ad expected. (actual)3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _. (base)4）She used her familys history as a _ for her novel. (base)5）This novel is _ on historical facts. (base)6）He is interested in _ customs. (determine)7) The wind is blowing from the _. (determine)重点词汇，短语，句式1.official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的You
13、will have to get official permission to cut down the trees.你得获得官方批准才可以砍伐这些树。There will be an official inquiry into the matter.将对这件事进行正式调查。【拓展】official 或 officer两者都有官员的意思，但是所指不同1， official常指政府官员或行政官员2， officer常指身特定制服的官员，如军官或者警官等。练习：我爸爸是军官，而他爸爸是政府官员。My father is an_ in the army, while his father is an
14、_ in the government.答案：officer official3. native adj. 本国的；本土的 n.本地人，本国人The women are native people.这些妇女是本地人。Finally, she returned to her native land.她最后返回了她的祖国。The panda is a native of China.熊猫原产于中国。【注意】native 做形容词用时，只能做前置定语。be native to 意为（动植物）是特有的，原产于The tiger is native to India, 这种虎产于印度。4. actual
15、ly adv. 实际上；事实上 （相当于in fact/ as a matter of fact）He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous.他看起来很镇定，实际上却非常紧张。Perhaps I will stay up and watch the film. Actually, I think I will just go to bed.或许我会熬夜看这部电影，不过我想我还是去睡觉吧。【其他】actually adv.居然；竟然He actually expected me to pay for the ticket.他竟然指望我给他付票
16、钱。actual adj. 实在的；实际的；实际上；确实What were his actual words? 他到底怎么说的？5. base vt. 以为基础 n.基础；基地；I based my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.我把希望寄托在我们昨天的得到的好消息上。This provides a good base for the development of new techniques.这为新技术的发展奠定了良好的基础。base sth on sth 以某事物为另一事物的根据或基础be based on 以为基础on the base
17、of 以为基础an air base 空军基地The story is based on facts.这个故事是以事实为基础的。One should always base ones opinions on facts.一个人的观点应该以事实为基础。6gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地Things gradually improved. 情况已经渐渐地改善。gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的This is a gradual change in his attitude towards his stepmother.他对待继母的态度正在逐渐改变
18、。7. latter adj. 较后的；后半的；后者的She lived a hard life in the latter part of her life.在她的后半生，她过的很辛苦。【注意】the latter (已提到的两者中的)后者，通常与the former(前者)相对应They are two choices for us. Many boys support the farmer, but I favour the latter.注意区分later 后来 8. frequent adj. 频繁的；常见的His visit became less frequent as time
19、 passed.随时时间的流逝，他渐渐不常登门了。frequently adv. 常常；频繁的Buses run frequently from the city to the airport.公共汽车不断的从城市开往机场。词组1. because of 因为；由于典例1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。短语归纳because of 是复合介词。because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。练习 He came late to school again _ he got up too late. The girl cried _ what
20、the teacher said. we have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather.because of的近义词组thanks to 因为；由于as a result of 由于的原因by reason of 因为due to 因为，由于owing to 归功于Thanks to his help, I finished the task on time.多亏了他的帮助，我按时完后了任务。I had to stay at home due to the weather.由于天气原因我只能呆在家里。e up走近；上来；提出典例 1). The littl
21、e came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station. 小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。短语归纳come across邂逅 偶遇come about发生 come at向扑来,攻击come from 来自come out
22、 出版;开花；结果是come up with想出come true实现 come down下来；传承练习 用come构成的词组填空。1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _ him. 2). The magazine _ once a month.3). I wish you can _ to England on your holiday.4). The engineers has _ new ways of saving energy.5). They _ an old school friend in t
23、he street this morning.3. at present 现在，目前 1. present n. 礼物adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送典例 1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。2). I am afraid I cant help you at present. 恐怕现在我没法帮助你。3). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。I am afraid I cant help y
24、ou just at present -I am too basy.恐怕现在我帮不了你，我太忙了。重点用法at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在be present at 出席；到场(反义： be absent from)present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人【注意】present作为adj.“现在的；当前的”讲时，常做前置定语；而做“出席的，到场的”讲时，常做后置定语。He doesnt know how to deal with the present problem.他不知道则呢么应对当前
25、的局势。The people present at the meeting are advanced workers.出席会议的人都是先进工作者。练习 中译英1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present. 2). This book was a present from my brother.4. make use of 利用；使用典例 1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practi
26、se English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。use前可加形容词，表示不同程度的利用。短语归纳make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用 make the best/most of 充分利用use up 用尽，耗尽You are not making the best (use) of your talents.你并没有充分发挥你的才能。练习1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English. 2).
27、We will make good use of her talents.5. such as例如；像这种的1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry. 有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare. 兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了 练习 用such as或for example填空1). I like drinks _ tea and soda.2). The report is inco
28、mplete; it doesnt include sales in France, _.句型 1.Why not go by underground? 为什么不坐地铁去呢？Why not +V原 句式，表示提出建议或对某些建议表示同意。=why dont you/we do?2. Which country do you think has the most English learners?解释本句包含一个结构，疑问词+do you think/believe/expect/ find/know/suppose/suggest +陈述句 此结构又称为双重疑问句，用来征询对某一观点的看法，判
29、断，认识，猜测和请求，表疑问的插入语又起到主句的作用，所以其后一定要用陈述句语序。注意：如果插入语是do you suggest时，句中的谓语动词应用should+动词原形 What timedoyouexpect we willcome and pick you up？你希望我们几点来接你？ Whatdoyousupposehewilldo after he hears about the good news？你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？Whydoyouthinktheir team could win the football match? 你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？3
30、. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或者外语。解释 than ever before 常与比较级连用，意为“比以往任何时候更”。如：The stars were shining brightly in the dark sky, and the night was more beautiful than ever before. 繁星点缀在夜空里，夜晚比以往更美。练习 中译英1). 简看起来比以前漂亮多了。
