1、the man on the street did not begin well. Some of the early ventures（企业）were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.（1）Which of t
2、he following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s? A.Academic.B.Unattractive.C.Inexpensive.D.Confidential.（2）What did street sales mean to newspapers?They would be priced higher.They would disappear from cities.They could have more readers.They could regain public trust.（3）Who were
3、the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?Local politicians.Common people.Young publishers.Rich businessmen.（4）What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?It was a difficult process.It was a temporary success.It was a robbery of the poor.It was a disaster for printers.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A
4、【解析】【分析】本文介绍了“便士报纸”的诞生历程。 （1）细节理解题。将题干中的 1830s 定位在文章的第一段，根据these amounts were forbidding to most citizens和 most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience 可知，当时只有富人才能读报纸，而且大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊。由此可得出那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。A.Academic学术的；Unattractive没有吸引力，无魅力的；Inexpensive廉价的，不贵的；Conf
5、idential机密的，保密的。故答案为B。 （2）推理判断题。根据第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以买到报纸。结合第三段中间的 street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities 可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见。由此可推断出，街头销售意味读报纸的多了。故答案为C。 （3）细节理解题。根据第二段中的 referring to papers made widely available to the public 可知，这种“便士报纸”是针对大众的，在街上可以买得到报纸。所以这种报纸针对的是
6、普通老百姓，故答案为B。 （4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 did not begin well immediate failures 可知，“便士报纸”新趋势一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。后来一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。由此可推断出“便士报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。故答案为A。 【点评】这是一篇科普类的说明文，阅读时把握文章的主旨，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题时，确定问题中的关键词，然后在文章中准确定位，认真分析相关的语句即可得到答案。2阅读理解 A study showed that the experiences children have in their
7、 first few years are important. These experiences affect the development of the brain. When children receive more attention, they often have higher IQs. Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. There are a hundred t
8、rillion（万亿）connections in the brain of a three-year-old child. Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at distinguishing different sound patterns. Her researchers produced images of the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns. For example, one order was mu-ba-ba. This i
9、s the patternA-B-B. Another order was mu-ba-ge. This is the pattern “A-B-C”. The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the A-B-B pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. They also were sensitive to where it o
10、ccurred in the order. Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the building block of words and grammar. Position is key to language, she says. If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference: John caught the bear. is very different from The bear c
11、aught John.” Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books, the Internet, or smartphonesno matter how educationaldoesnt appear to be enough for childrens brain development. They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies. They ex
12、pected the first group whod watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to-face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish between similar Chinese sounds as well as nati
13、ve listeners. But the other babiesregardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audiolearned nothing.（1）What makes connections in a babys brain?Having a higher IQ.Experiencing new information.The baby early age.The connection with other babies.（2）What did Judit Gervain and her
14、team find in the experiment?Babies identify different sound patterns.Word order is relevant to meaning.Babies can well understand different words.A certain brain region processes language.（3）What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3?Grammar is important in learning languages.Different or
15、ders have different meanings.Different languages have different grammar.Words have different sounds.（4）What is the main conclusion from the study led by Patricia Kuhl?Babies shouldnt watch a lot of television.Listening to different languages develops babies brain.Foreign languages help babies brain
16、develop.Social communication improves babies brain development.（2）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文章，介绍小孩最初几年的经历对大脑发育很重要，而媒介输入对孩子大脑发育效果不明显，最有效的是面对面语言输入。根据第一段Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain.可知，婴儿接收到不同信息，可以让大脑不同部分形成连接，故选B
17、。根据第二段The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns.可知，实验表明婴儿可以区别不同的声音模式，故选A。 （3）句意猜测题。根据第三段 John caught the bear.”可知，有些东西放在句首和句尾，会有很大的不同，比如John抓住了熊，和熊抓住了John，意思是不一样的，可
18、知本句意思为位置对于语言来说很重要的，顺序不同，意思不同，故选B。根据最后一段Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books, the Internet, or smartphonesno matter how educationaldoesns brain development.可知，通过电视、网络等媒介的语言教学，对于婴儿大脑发展是不够的，并且后面的实验表明，面对面的语言输入才有效，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理
19、判断和句意猜测三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 A great number of species make their home in the vast waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Although the entire ocean makes up an ecosystem, many smaller habitats are found within, i
20、ncluding an open-water habitat off the coast of the Northern Atlantic Ocean known as the Sargasso Sea. Sargassum is an alga（海藻） that floats in masses that can continue for miles. The waters of the Gulf Stream push the water in a northward move into this area. This constant move and varying temperatu
21、re support the accumulation of the brown-colored seaweed.The Sargasso Sea is so enormous that one method of information collection has not been enough for scientists to obtain an accurate picture of what takes place within this ecosystem. Researchers have needed to employ several methods of sampling
22、. Methods such as dragging nets over the surface of the water and videotaping beneath areas of sargassum have served scientists well. Information collected has shown that the Gulf Stream pushes brown algae from open water into the Sargasso Sea area, creating a diverse floating habitat in an area tha
23、t would otherwise not support that wildlife.In the most recent study of the sargassum community off the shores of North Carolina, eighty-one fish species were documented as using the area as a microhabitat. This is an increase from previous studies. The types of fish found here are both commercially
24、 and environmentally important. The South Atlantic Fishery Management Council is working to regulate the harvesting of sargassum. The Council hopes to have the area classified as an Essential Fish Habitat. Which would afford it certain protections.Further research needs to be done before scientists
25、understand how to best protect the Sargasso Sea as well as understand how it goes about supporting so many important types of wildlife.（1）The author uses enormous in paragraph 2 to stress that . the Atlantic Ocean is really amazing in terms of its size and areawhat the researchers do is highly respected by scientific communitythe research work is complex because a large area must be covereda large amount of money for the Sargasso Sea research is
