1、高考复习英语句法知识查漏补缺增分练34 主谓一致之意义一致2021年高考一轮复习英语句法知识查漏补缺增分练34主谓一致之意义一致1.The newly-published novel is so popular that more than one copy sold out.A.have been B.has been C.have D.are2.Over the past decade, the number of Monarch butterflies _ significantly.A.has fallen B.fell C.is falling D.have fallen3.Acco
2、rding to doctors, three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for health.A.is B.are C.have D.has4.The number of_ in our class _ fifty.A.student; is B.the student; are C.the students; is5.As a result of destroying the forests， a large_ of desert_ covered the land.A.number；has B.amount；hasC.number；hav
3、e D.amount；have6.John as well as the other children who no parents down on in the school.A.has; is looking B.have; are lookingC.have; is being looked D.have; are being looked .7.Mr. Smith as well as two of his students _ the experiment with care at the moment.A.is doing B.are doing C.does D.do8.The
4、number of the students in the competition _written down already.A.have been B.has been C.are D.is9.Each soldier and sailor_ given a rifle when the ship landed.A.were B.was C.are D.is10.The education system rather than the teachers_to answer for the heavy burden on the students. I agree. I hope the r
5、eform being carried out in our country at present will bring about the _results.A.are; desired B.is; desired C.are; desiring D.is; desiring11.In our country every boy and every girl_the right to education.A.has B.have C.is D.are12.The number of teenagers who commit crimes _ 20% over the past years.A
6、.have been reduced by B.has been reduced byC.have been reduced to D.has been reduced to13._ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grasses.A.Two-fifth; is B.Two-fifth; are C.Two-fifths; is D.Two-fifths; are14.With rural ecosystem improving, the number of tourists to villages _ year by
7、 year.A.have increased B.increases C.is increasing D.are increasing15.When the suns rays hit the earth, a lot of heat _ back into spaceA.are reflected B.is reflectedC.reflects D.were reflected16.Since then the number of people taking driving Lessons 20%.A.has increased to B.have increased toC.has in
8、creased by D.have increased by17.A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city _ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.A.is B.are C.was D.were18. can be done been done.A.All; have B.All that; have C.All; has D.All that; has19.Tom, as well as his friends who
9、_ football, _very popular among the students.A.likes; are B.likes; is C.like; is D.like; are20.Many a student in the class _ that Jack is the only one of the students who _ the chance to attend a key university.A.thinks; has B.think; have C.think; has D.thinks; have21.Neither of the novels which _ p
10、opular with us _ been translated into Chinese.A.are; has B.are; have C.is; have D.is; has22.Every boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party.A.wish B.wishes C.hope D.are hoping23.Only one of the students who _ present _ to speak at the meeting.A.is, is B.are, are C.are, is D.is, are24.A great
11、number of small power stations _ up in their province since 1960.A.are set B.have set C.have been set D.will have been set25.Please feel free to tell me if you dont think two days holiday _ enough.A.is B.was C.are D.were26.One-fifth of the area _ covered with trees. About seventy percent of the tree
12、s _ been planted recently.A.is; has B.are; have C.is; have D.are; has27.The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since 2000.A.is B.are C.have been D.has been28.Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.A.is used B.are used
13、C.have used D.has been used29.On arriving home from the ancient city with a high level of civilization, the archaeologist unpacked his suitcase and was greatly amazed to see the silver-plated cup and saucer _ still in _ good shape.A.was; a B.were; a C.was; / D.were; /30.All possible means _ tried, b
14、ut not every means _.A.have been; work B.has been; works C.have been; works D.has been; work31.Three fourths of the bread _ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _ left on the table.A.was eaten; were B.were eaten; wasC.were eaten; were D.was eaten; was32.Shaw is the only one of the employees here _ want
15、 to accept my advice.A.that dont B.who dont C.who doesnt D.which does33.A knife and fork_needed when you try western food.A.is B.are C.has D.have34.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good land _ each year.A.is washing away B.are washing awayC.is being washed away D.are being washe
16、d away35.Such poets as Shakespeare _ widely read; however, some _ difficult to understand.A.are; are B.is; is C.are; is D.is; are36.The number of the children who_ the iPads_ growing all the time.A.own, are B.owns, isC.own, is D.owns, are37.Forty percent of the land in the village _ been flooded and
17、 the majority of the villagers_ moved to safe places.A.has; has B.have; hasC.has; have D.have; have38.More than 40 % of the population in that country _ young, and about two thirds of them _ know how to read and write.A.is; dont B.are; doesntC.is; doesnt D.are; dont39.The population of China _very l
18、arge and about 80% of the population _ peasants.A.is; is B.are; areC.is; are D.are; is40.A radio or television series _ a set of programmes of a particular kind which _ the same title.A.is; has B.is; have C.are; has D.are; have41.The Greens _ China for five years.A.has been in B.have been inC.went t
19、o D.has gone to42.Three-quarters of the land _covered with green grass .while the rest _covered with pine trees.A.is, is B.is, areC.are, is D.are, are43.In all his life, Dickens wrote a large number of excellent novels, some of which _ still popular.A.are B.isC.were D.was44._ of the land in that cou
20、ntry _ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth; is B.Two fifth; areC.Two fifths; is D.Two fifths; are45._of the teachers in our school is about one hundred, and_ of them are men teachers.A.The number; the small number B.A number; a small numberC.The number; a small number D.A number; the small numb
21、er答案与解析1.B【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：新出版的小说太受欢迎了，以至于不止一份拷贝被卖光了。more than one+单数名词作主语时，尽管意义上看是复数，谓语动词仍要用单数，根据句意推断，sold out这一动作应该已经发生，应该用现在完成时下的被动语态。故选B项。2.A【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，帝王蝶的数量显著下降。根据句中Over the past decade可知，句中的动作开始于过去，并持续到现在，应用现在完成时；the number of意为“的数量”，后接可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，助动词应用has。故选A项。3.A【详解】
22、考查主谓一致。句意：根据医生的说法，每周三小时的户外运动对健康有好处。be good for对有好处，是固定短语，所以可排除C、D项，主语“three hours of outdoor exercise a week(每周三小时的户外运动)”是一个整体，be动词应用is，排除B项。故选A项。4.C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：我们班的学生人数是五十人。the number of 表示“的数量”，后跟可数名词复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。故选C。5.B【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：由于破坏森林，大量的沙漠已经覆盖了土地。分析句子可知，desert（名词，沙漠）是不可数名词，所以排除AC（ a
23、 large number of 修饰可数名词做主语，谓语动词用复数）； a large amount of 修饰不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数；故选B。6.C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：约翰和其他没有孩子的父母在村子里被照顾的很好。who引导的是定语从句，根据句意，应该做children的定语，所以定语从句的谓语动词用复数have；第二个横线处要填的是主句的谓语动词。主句的主语是John as well as the other children,谓语和John一致，是单数，所以谓语动用单数。这里要用被动语态。所以选C。【点睛】在英语中，句子的主语和谓语动词要保持数上的一致关系，叫主谓一致
24、。这种关系通常要遵循下面三条原则：1.语法一致原则。句子的主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式2.意义一致原则即谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义是单数意义还是复数意义。3.邻近原则谓语动词该用单数还是复数形式，取决于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。7.A【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：史密斯先生和他的两个学生此刻正在认真地做实验。as well as“和；也”，此处连接两个并列主语，谓语动词的数应与前面的主语Mr. Smith 保持一致。根据时间状语at the moment可知应用现在进行时，故选A。8.B【详解】考查动词时态和主谓
25、一致。句意：参加比赛的学生人数已经被写下来了。根据后文already可知应用现在完成时，且主语中the number of表示“的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，即助动词用has。故选B。9.B【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：船着陆时，每个士兵和水手都得到了一把步枪。根据when the ship landed，应该是一般过去时，可知应排除C和D项，且“each/every A and B”结构的主语后面应跟单数谓语，故应用was。故选B。10.B【详解】考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。句意：应该是教育系统而不是教师来为学生的沉重负担负责。我同意。我希望我国
26、目前正在进行的改革会带来预期的效果。首先看第一个空，当句中有rather than（而不是）时，句子谓语动词的数与rather than前面的主语保持一致，The education system为单数形式，故谓语动词应用is。再看第二个空，空格所在句为宾语从句，从句谓语动词为bring about且句中无连词，故应用desire的非谓语动词形式作定语修饰results。results（结果）与desire（期望）之间为被动关系，即结果被期望，应用desire的过去分词形式desired。故选B项。11.A【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：在我们国家，每个男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。本句讲的是客观事
27、实，时态用一般现在时，因为当and连接的是带有由each、every、no、many、a等词修饰的名词时候，作主语，谓语动词要用单数，固定搭配have the right to sth.（有某物的权利）。故选A项。12.B【详解】考查固定短语。句意：过去这些年，青少年犯罪率减少了20%。be reduced to是指“降低到（某个位置、具体数目）”，而be reduced by则是指“降低了（by后面跟降低的具体幅度，通常为百分比）”。这里20%是指程度，不是具体数值，所以这里用be reduced by。句子主语为the number of sth，动词用第三人称单数形式has been r
28、educed by。故选B项。【点睛】13.C【详解】考查分数表达法和主谓一致。句意：那个地区五分之二的土地被树木和草覆盖。首先看第一个空，涉及到英语中分数的表达方法，在英语中，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示，如果分子大于1，分母则要用复数形式，题干中的五分之二的分子大于1，故分母应用复数形式，应填Two-fifths。再看第二个空，当分数修饰的名词在句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于分数所修饰的名词，即与名词保持一致。本题中分数所修饰的名词是land，意为“土地”，为不可数名词，故谓语动词应用单数is。故选C项。14.C【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：随着乡村生态系统的改善，
29、到乡村旅游的人数正在逐年增加。此处强调动作正在进行，应用现在进行时，且the number of表示“的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选C。15.B【详解】考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：当太阳光线照射到地球上时，大量的热量被反射回太空。句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时；heat是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，且与reflect是逻辑被动关系，应使用被动语态。故选B。16.C【详解】考查时态、主谓一致和固定短语。句意：从那时起，上驾驶课程的人数增加了20%。根据“ since then”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为the number of pe
30、ople，谓语动词为单数形式。increase to “增加到”，increase by“增加了”，再结合句意。故选C项。17.D【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：去年进行的一项调查显示，这个城市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。根据last year可知用一般过去时，宾语从句的主语是80% of the middle-aged表示复数意义，谓语动词与之一致用复数。故选D。18.D【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：所有能做的都做了。分析句子可知，all是句子的主语，后跟定语从句 can be done；表示“所有能做的”，定语从句的先行词是all，定语从句只能用that引导；句子的主语是单数概念，谓语动词用单三式，故选D。19.C【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：汤姆和他喜欢足球的朋友一样，在学生中很受欢迎。第一空是定语从句，其中his friends是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，其谓语动词要与his friends保持一致，用复数形式；第二空的主语是Jim，要用单数形式，要用is。故C正确。20.A【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：班上很多学生认为Jack是唯一一个有机会上重点大学的学生。根据“many a + 可数名词单数+ 谓语单数”可知，第一空谓语动词用三单现形式；第二空的主语who代指先行词the only one of the stud
