1、第一章 八年级知识点复习1. 系动词表示不完全谓语关系的动词，本身有含义，但是不能单独做谓语，后面必须跟表语一起构成谓语，称为系表结构。形容词，名词及动词不定式（to do）都可以做表语。系动词有三类：A. be 动词：am is are was were B. 表示感官类的动词：look smell sound feel taste C. 表示变化类的词：go(变得) get become grow turn keep stay e.g. I feel terrible. The food went bad. The weather becomes warmer and warmer. Th
2、e leaves turn green.2. 使役动词 make /let 的用法make 的常用句型：a. make + 宾语 + n：使成为 They made him captain. b. make +宾语 +adj.：使处于某种状态：Eating too much made him ill. c. make + 宾语 +v：使人做某事: Doing exercise makes us keep fit.Let 的常用句型：a. let + 宾语 +v: 让某人做某事：He doesnt let her drink wine. b. let +宾语 +adv：Let him out.
3、c. let +宾语 + conj：Who let him into the room? 3. 动词不定式：to +动词原形（to 有时可省）l 不定式的否定形式是在to 的前面直接加not. E.g. Mom told me not to smoke.l 不定式可以和疑问词what, how, where, which, when, who连用。（why不用）e.g. Can you tell me how to get to the bank?I cant decide which to buy?在复合句与简单句之间的转换，也可用这种句型：e.g. I dont know what I s
4、hould do next time. = I dont know what to do next time.l 不定式在句子中除了谓语之外，可充当任何句子成分。e.g. To learn English well is very important. (做主语)His job is to save people in danger.(作表语)I want to take part in the meeting. (作宾语)l It 做形式主语的句型A. It + adj + for sb. + to do sthB. It + adj. + that 从句C. It takes sb. +
5、时间 + to do sth.e.g. It is necessary for us to eat healthily.It is necessary that we should eat healthily. It took me three hours to finish my work yesterday.l It 做宾语和形式宾语u 可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求、选择、同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望、决定、学习(expect, hope, decide, learn)，宁可、假装、知道(prefer, pretend, know)，希望、想要、愿
6、意(wish, want, would like / love)。如：1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.u 动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it作形式宾语代替真正的宾语动词不定式，句子结构是.feel / find / make / . it+adj. / n.+to do.。如：I find it difficult to remember everything. 1. “What are
7、you going to do this weekend?” “Id like my parents.” A. to visit B. visit C. visiting2. Whats your plan for the summer holidays? Ive no idea, but Ive decided at home.A. stay B. to stay C. stayed D. staying3. Last week our geography teacher told us more information about how to protect the environmen
8、t. A. get B. got C. to get D. getting4. Our headmaster asked us a report on how to protect wild animals. A. write B. writing C. to write D. wrote5. How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up?It makes me very proud.A. felt B. to feel C. feeling D. feel6. It took her half an hour the Water
9、 Park by bus last Sunday. A. gets to B. get to C. to get to D. getting to7. Its dangerous for you that tall tree.A. climb B. to climb C. climbing D. climbed8. My brother is ill in hospital.Im sorry that. A. hear B. hearing C. heard D. to hear9. more information about the trip, you can go to .A. Find
10、 B. Finding C. To find D. Found10. Some children are arguing about what TV programs . A. watching B. for watching C. to watch D. will watch11. Its wrong _ not _ her a letter.A. of you; to write B. for you; writing C. of you; writing D. for you; write12. Im sorry, I _ my exercise book at home. Dont f
11、orget _ it to school tomorrow, please. A. forget; to takeB. left; to bring C. forget; to bringD. left; to take13. Before you go abroad, you need _ about table manners in that country.A. knew B. known C. to know D. knowing14. I need some paper _.A. to write B. to write on C. to write in D. write in15
12、. I have no pens _. Could you please lend me one? Sure. Here you are.A. to write B. to write down C. to write with D. to write in16. Do you think our football team will win the match? Yes, we have better players. So I _ them to win. A. hope B. ask C. help D. expect17. I am allowed _ until 12:00 on t
13、he evening of the Spring Festival.A. stay up B. to stay up C. staying up D. to staying up18. Cars cause most of Beijings air pollution. So the “No Car Day” campaign（活动）asks Beijing drivers _ their cars at home one day each month.A. leave B. leaving C. to leave D. to be left19. Do you like sports?Sur
14、e. Im looking forward to _ the 29th Olympic Games _ in Beijing on TV.A. watch; to hold B. watching; being held C. watch; held D. watching; to be held20. Good manners usually help people to _ each other. A. get on well with B. get started C. be friendly D. get together.4.状语从句 状语从句的时态：“主过从过，主将从现”，另外，主
15、句如果用一般现在时，从句也用现在时 1) 时间状语从句：用句子来表达一个事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个句子就叫时间状语从句。a. 引导词when/ while: 当时，有时可互换使用，when 既可以接延续性动词，也可接短暂性动词。而while 只可接延续性动词e.g. The students were talking when the teacher came in.While the students were talking, the teacher came in.I am watching TV while he is cooking. b. 引导词until: 直到为止 I wi
16、ll stay here until the rain stops,notuntil: 直到才: I will not leave here until the rain stops.as soon as: 一就 As soon as the bell rings, the students will go into the classroom.C 引导词before，after, since(自从) It is ten years since I studied English. 2) 条件状语从句：引导词 if （如果）, as long as（只要）e.g. I wont go if h
17、e doesnt go. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents. If you study hard, you can catch up with others.3) 原因状语从句：引导词because, since (既然), as (由于)I did that because he told me to. 如果表述的原因是人们已知的事实，就用since Since you cant answer the question, you can ask someone for help.4) 目的状语从句：
18、引导词so that, in order that (为了)，主句谓语常含 有情态动词。I must get up early so that I can catch the train on time.当主句主语与从句主语一致时，可用so as to, in order to 改写同义句。He worked day and night in order that he can succeed.= He worked day and night in order to succeed.5) 结果状语从句 ： 引导词 sothat, suchthat, so that(所以)So + adj.
19、+ that / so + n. + thate.g. He is so kind that he always helps people in trouble. He is such a kind person that he always helps people in trouble. Its a hot day so that we both want to swim in the sea.6) 让步状语从句：引导词though， although，even though、even if， wh-ever类（无论）e.g. Although/ though she works very
20、 hard, she makes slow progress. I have a bit headache, its nothing much, though . Even though/even if you say so, I dont believe it. Whenever Im unhappy, my friends cheer me on.( ) 1 .The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if( ) 2. The boy _ to bed _ his mother cam
21、e in.A. went not; until B. didnt go; after C. went; until D. didnt go; until( ) 3. I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. before B. until C. after D. when( ) 4. He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A. didnt go; until; with B. wasnt go; after; toC. doesnt go; before; w
22、ith D. didnt go; until; to( ) 5. He _ back until the work _ done.A. isnt; will be B. isnt; is C. wont be; will be D. wont be; is( ) 6 .They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back.A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if( ) 7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C.
23、 arrives in D. get to( )8. Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves( ) 9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came( ) 10. The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D.
24、 see( )11. We _ TV when the telephone _.A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rangC. watch; rings D. are watching; rang12. The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining13. Remember to send me a photo of your son next time you _to me.A. write B. will w
25、rite C. are writing D. would write14. If city noises _from increasing, people _shout to be heard even at the dinner table in 20 years from now.A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have toC. do not deep; will have to D. do not deep; have15. I often visited Tianan Men Square _I was staying i
26、n Beijing.A. until B. during C. while D. throughout6. 宾语从句当一个完整的句子在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词，介词之后就叫做宾语从句。引导词：a. 由that 引导的宾语从句，that可省b. 由if /whether 引导的宾语从句译为“是否”，不可省，通常两者可互换，但后有or not时，只能用whether.e.g. Do you know if he will win the game? Tell me whether the man is kind. I dont know whether he will come or n
27、ot.c. 由连接词wh-词引导的宾语从句：what, where, why, how, who e.g. Do you know who broke the glass? Tell me which one you want. I dont know why he was unhappy.d. 宾语从句的时态： 主过从过：主句是过去时，从句也用过去的某种时态 She said she bought many story books. 主句为一般时或将来时，从句可按需要使用任何时态。 e.g. She says she will call me tomorrow. I know that I was wrong. 特殊用法：当从句叙述的是客观真理，事实时，从句时态不受主句影响，只用一般现在时。 e.g. She said her brother is two years younger than her. The teacher said light travels faster than sound.e. 宾语从句的语序：必须是
